Extraction of Yucca schidigera with deep eutectic solvents: bromatological, antioxidant, and antibacterial analysis.

Infections caused by Escherichiacoli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes are linked to contaminated food or water, while antibiotic resistance limits treatment options. Plant extracts are considered potential alternatives, and deep eutectic solvents and natural deep eutectic solvents (DES and NADES) offer a sustainable approach to metabolite extraction. Yucca schidigera powder was extracted using butanol (YSBE) and a NADES composed of choline chloride and lactic acid at a 1:1 molar ratio (YS-NADES). Bromatological composition, saponin content, total phenols and flavonoids, emulsifying and foaming capacities, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial properties were analyzed. YSBE contained 25.43% saponins, while YS-NADES had 0.093%. YSBE had higher protein (0.73%) and carbohydrate (77.5%) content than YS-NADES (0.03% and 0.95%, respectively). Antioxidant activity (DPPH, TEAC, ORAC) was significantly higher in YSBE than in YS-NADES. Phenol and flavonoid concentrations were also greater in YSBE. E. coli showed less sensitivity to both extracts than S. Typhimurium, S. aureus, and L. monocytogenes, while S. Typhimurium was less sensitive to YS-NADES. This study provides insights into the bromatological composition, antioxidant potential, and antibacterial properties of Y. schidigera extracted with NADES, highlighting its potential applications.