The impact of abamectin treatment on oxidative stress and the caspase-3/caspase-8/caspase-9/Bcl-2/Bax/Fas/p53 mediated apoptotic pathway: Role of baicalin and vitamin E.

Abamectin (ABM) is synthesised by Streptomyces avermitilis and is used for the treatment of Onchocerca volvulus in humans and also in the veterinary and agricultural areas. The study employed 48 male Wistar Albino rats, aged 2-3 months and weighed 150-200 g, 8 per group. Control animals received corn oil. The experimental groups received 100 mg/kg.bw baicalin (BAI), 100 mg/kg.bw vitamin E (VIT E), 2 mg/kg.bw ABM, 2 mg/kg.bw ABM combined with 100 mg/kg.bw BAI, and 2 mg/kg.bw ABM combined with 100 mg/kg.bw VIT E for 28 days. Oxidative stress parameters of MDA, NO, GSH, GPx, GR, GST, SOD, and CAT, liver expression levels of caspase 3, 8, 9, Bcl-2, Bax, Fas, and p53, and biochemical parameters of triglyceride, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, LDH, AST, ALT and ALP were measured. ABM alone caused significant variations in the investigated parameters, but the combinations of ABM plus BAI or VIT E corresponded more closely to the control values. ABM altered the oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium, increasing oxidation and apoptosis. VIT E and BAI was regressed this pathological process to some extent. Toxic impact mitigation was similar for both compounds. VIT E and BAI may serve as additional treatments in cases of ABM toxicity.