Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025
Mapping Histoplasma spp. in bats and cave ecosystems: evidence from midwestern Brazil.
СтатьяПоддержка NIH: внешняя программаНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Bernardes João Paulo Romualdo Alarcão, Tenório Bernardo Guerra, Lucas Joaquim, Paternina Carlos Emilio Molano, da Silva Regianne Kelly Moreira, Erazo Fabián Andrés Hurtado, Silva Pereira Ildinete, Alves Lucas Gomes de Brito, Arenas Paulo Henrique Rosado, Bueno-Rocha Igor Daniel, de Oliveira Lucas Silva, Magalhães Edvard Dias, de Sousa Herdson Renney, Paes Hugo Costa, Zancopé-Oliveira Rosely Maria, Matute Daniel Ricardo, Felipe Maria Sueli Soares, Aguiar Ludmilla Moura de Souza, Charneau Sébastien, Nicola André Moraes, Teixeira Marcus de Melo
Аннотация
UNLABELLED: Caves serve as natural reservoirs for diverse microbial species due to their unique biotic and abiotic conditions. Histoplasma spp. is frequently associated with guano-enriched soil, low luminosity, and high humidity, particularly in Latin America, a region highly endemic for histoplasmosis. Despite the continent's diverse biomes, local environmental and host distributions of Histoplasma remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a Histoplasma-specific quantitative PCR assay targeting the hc100 gene on guano samples from seven bat-inhabited caves and tissue samples from 74 bats of nine species in the Federal District of Brazil and surrounding regions. We detected Histoplasma DNA in 16 of 80 soil samples (20%) and in 33 bats representing seven species. Among 222 tissue samples (74 lung, 74 spleen, and 74 brain samples), 39 tested positive: 22 lung, 10 spleen, and 7 brain samples. Four bats had Histoplasma DNA in both lungs and brain, and two in both lungs and spleen. By mapping the presence of Histoplasma spp. across sampled caves, we identified environmental hotspots of fungal prevalence, emphasizing the need for targeted surveillance.
IMPORTANCE: Our study provides critical insights into the environmental and host distribution of Histoplasma spp. in Brazil, identifying caves with high fungal prevalence and demonstrating its presence in multiple bat species. These findings underscore the necessity of public health interventions to mitigate the risk of histoplasmosis among cave visitors in the region. Additionally, we highlight the utility of quantitative PCR for detecting Histoplasma spp. in environmental and biological samples, supporting future epidemiological research in Latin America.
IMPORTANCE: Our study provides critical insights into the environmental and host distribution of Histoplasma spp. in Brazil, identifying caves with high fungal prevalence and demonstrating its presence in multiple bat species. These findings underscore the necessity of public health interventions to mitigate the risk of histoplasmosis among cave visitors in the region. Additionally, we highlight the utility of quantitative PCR for detecting Histoplasma spp. in environmental and biological samples, supporting future epidemiological research in Latin America.