Journal of global antimicrobial resistance · 2026
Epidemiological surveillance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in targeted next-generation sequencing analysis in Southern Chinese populations in 2023.
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Lin Xiaoyu, Li Zhixing, Kong Chengxiang, Cai Zhiming, Lu Shaoyan, Lv Yaling, Li Ning, Liu Wanqu, Li Hui, Li Na, Li Beiling, Sun Shumei
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is a prevalent cause of respiratory infections, and the emergence of macrolide-resistant strains presents a public health concern. We aimed to investigate the epidemiological patterns and macrolide resistance of M. pneumoniae infections in Southern Chinese populations using targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS).
METHODS: This study analysed tNGS samples collected from multiple medical centres in Southern China from January to December 2023. Data of demographics, specimen types, macrolide resistance genes, and respiratory virus co-infections were analysed.
RESULTS: Of the 58,415 specimens, 9,218 (15.78%) tested positive for M. pneumoniae. It revealed significant gender- and age-dependent differences in M. pneumoniae infection rates (both P < 0.001). Females demonstrated notably higher positivity rates compared to males (19.06% vs 13.70%, P < 0.001), and children (28.75%) exhibited significantly higher infection rates than adults (12.45%) and elderly individuals (5.00%) (P < 0.001). School-aged children (5-9 years) were the most affected, with a positivity rate of 48.28%. The incidence of M. pneumoniae infections demonstrated seasonal variation, with a peak during the winter months (25.88%). Age-dependent patterns were observed in macrolide resistance, with children demonstrating the highest detection rate of resistance genes (53.38%), predominantly the A2063G mutation. Co-infections with respiratory viruses (influenza, adenovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus) were more prevalent in children.
CONCLUSIONS: This study offers valuable insights regarding demographic and seasonal trends, along with age-related macrolide resistance characteristics. The implications are crucial for surveillance measures to mitigate the impact of M. pneumoniae infections and antibacterial management strategies.
METHODS: This study analysed tNGS samples collected from multiple medical centres in Southern China from January to December 2023. Data of demographics, specimen types, macrolide resistance genes, and respiratory virus co-infections were analysed.
RESULTS: Of the 58,415 specimens, 9,218 (15.78%) tested positive for M. pneumoniae. It revealed significant gender- and age-dependent differences in M. pneumoniae infection rates (both P < 0.001). Females demonstrated notably higher positivity rates compared to males (19.06% vs 13.70%, P < 0.001), and children (28.75%) exhibited significantly higher infection rates than adults (12.45%) and elderly individuals (5.00%) (P < 0.001). School-aged children (5-9 years) were the most affected, with a positivity rate of 48.28%. The incidence of M. pneumoniae infections demonstrated seasonal variation, with a peak during the winter months (25.88%). Age-dependent patterns were observed in macrolide resistance, with children demonstrating the highest detection rate of resistance genes (53.38%), predominantly the A2063G mutation. Co-infections with respiratory viruses (influenza, adenovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus) were more prevalent in children.
CONCLUSIONS: This study offers valuable insights regarding demographic and seasonal trends, along with age-related macrolide resistance characteristics. The implications are crucial for surveillance measures to mitigate the impact of M. pneumoniae infections and antibacterial management strategies.