Ultrasonographic measurements of the uterus and ovaries for the diagnosis of central precocious puberty: A retrospective diagnostic study.

BACKGROUND

Central precocious puberty is a pathological condition characterized by the early onset of pubertal development and requires prompt diagnosis. Ovarian and uterine measurements may contribute to the noninvasive identification of central precocious puberty.

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ovarian and uterine measurements and central precocious puberty.

METHODS

In this retrospective study, the results of patients who underwent pelvic ultrasonography for suspected precocious puberty between November 2023 and April 2025 were evaluated. Based on clinical and laboratory findings, patients diagnosed with central precocious puberty and those in whom the diagnosis was excluded were divided into two groups, and their sonographic findings were compared. Statistical comparisons between CPP and non-CPP groups were performed using appropriate parametric or nonparametric tests. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate diagnostic performance.

RESULTS

Patients with central precocious puberty had significantly larger uterine volume and uterine length compared with those without CPP (uterine volume: 4.5 ± 3.9 vs 1.7 ± 1.4 cc, t = -3.83, p = 0.009; uterine SI length: 30.7 ± 9.1 vs 23.0 ± 7.9 mm, t = -4.91, p < 0.001). In addition, both right and left ovarian volumes were significantly larger in patients with central precocious puberty (right: t = -3.15, p = 0.001; left: t = -3.31, p = 0.018).

CONCLUSIONS

Uterine and ovarian ultrasonographic measurements may provide supportive imaging information in girls younger than 8 years evaluated for suspected CPP. Although several parameters demonstrated moderate diagnostic performance, pelvic ultrasonography should be interpreted as a complementary adjunct to clinical, laboratory, and endocrinological assessment rather than as a standalone diagnostic tool.