National trends in hospitalizations and outcomes in patients with alcoholic cardiomyopathy.

BACKGROUND

Numerous studies have shown conflicting results regarding the natural history and outcomes with alcoholic cardiomyopathy (AC).

HYPOTHESIS: Determining the trends in hospitalization among patients with AC and associated outcomes will facilitate a better understanding of this disease.

METHODS

We conducted our analysis on discharge data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project-Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS) from 2002 through 2014. We obtained data from patients aged ≥18 years with diagnosis of "Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy." Death was defined within the NIS as in-hospital mortality. By using International Classification of Disease-9th edition-Clinical Modification (ICD-9CM) diagnoses and diagnosis-related groups different comorbidities were identified.

RESULTS

We studied a total of 45 365 admissions among patients with AC. The absolute number of admissions decreased from 2002 to 2014 (3866-2834 admissions). In-hospital mortality was variable throughout study duration without a clinically relevant trend (Mean 4.5%, range 3.6%-5.6%). The patients were mostly male (87%) and Caucasian (50.5%). Commonest age groups involved were 45-59 years (46.7%) followed by 60-74 years (29.2%). Trends in associated comorbidities such as smoking, drug abuse, depression, and hypertension increased over the same time period. Among all admissions, almost half were for cardiovascular etiologies (48.9%) and heart failure (≈24%) was the commonest reason for hospital admission.

CONCLUSION

While the overall admissions among patients with AC decreased over time, the proportion of patients with high-risk characteristics such as smoking, depression, and drug abuse increased. Patients aged 45 and older were largely affected and cardiovascular etiologies predominated among causes for admission.