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Impact of presumed consent for organ donation on donation rates: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the impact of a system of presumed consent for organ donation on donation rates and to review data on attitudes towards presumed consent. DESIGN: Systematic review. DATA SOURCES: Studies retrieved by online searches to January 2008 of Medline, Medline In-Process, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, HMIC, PAIS International, and OpenSIGLE. Studies reviewed Five studies comparing donation rates before and after the introduction of legislation for presumed consent (before and after studies); eight studies comparing donation rates in countries with and without presumed consent syste

Tailoring climate-health competencies for diverse health cadres: Findings from a scoping review.

INTRODUCTION: Climate change poses a growing global health threat, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with fragile health systems and limited adaptive capacity. The health workforce plays a critical role in managing climate-sensitive health risks but often lacks adequate training. Building climate-resilient health systems therefore requires equipping health workers with the relevant knowledge, skills, and adaptive capacities. The goal of this review was to synthesize existing literature to inform the creation of a climate-health competency framework appropria

Integrating environmental and behavioral tracking via digital health systems for personalized skin health management.

Chronic dermatological conditions impose a significant burden on global health and quality of life. The etiology of these disorders is multifaceted, driven by complex interactions between endogenous factors and the "skin exposome", which comprises a person's environmental exposure and lifestyle. While digital health systems (DHSs) have transformed the management of numerous chronic diseases, a unified framework that captures the dynamic interplay of environment, behavior, and skin physiology has not been fully established to date. Therefore, this review proposes and evaluates a holistic "envir

Social Determinants of Health and Incident Apparent Treatment-Resistant Hypertension Among White and Black US Adults: The REGARDS Study.

BACKGROUND: We examined the association of multilevel social determinants of health with incident apparent treatment-resistant hypertension … h insurance (10.6%), living in a disadvantaged neighborhood (18.0%), and living in states with poor public health infrastructure (6.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Part of the association between race and incident aTRH risk was mediated by social determinants of health.

From evidence to action: contextual determinants for the pre-implementation of a foot-ankle exercise program for diabetes in primary care.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant public health challenge, associated with progressive chronic complications such as visual, renal, and foot-related impairments. Diabetic polyneuropathy is a major contributor to foot ulcers, infections, and lower-limb amputations. The FOot CAre and Exercises ImplementatioN for People with Diabetes in Primary Care (FOCAIN) project was developed to implement a foot and ankle exercise program, combined with self-care education, aimed at reducing risk factors for foot ulcers in individuals with DM within primary care in Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil

Gender equity and menstrual justice: a psychosocial review on stigma and discrimination in access to reproductive health.

BACKGROUND: The taboo and stigma surrounding menstruation remain deeply entrenched in diverse sociocultural contexts, generating significant inequalities in education, health, employment, and social participation. These barriers disproportionately affect individuals in vulnerable situations and are closely linked to what is known as menstrual poverty; defined as limited access to hygiene products, reliable information, and adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) conditions. This review aims to critically analyse recent scientific literature on menstrual health and management, identifyin

Continuity of care in crisis: Community based mobile health teams for sexual and reproductive health services in post-earthquake period in Türkiye.

INTRODUCTION: More than 50 thousand people lost their lives in the earthquake that occurred in Türkiye in 2023. This study aimed to evaluate the Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) services provided in earthquake region in Hatay province in Türkiye with qualitative and quantitative methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research type is mixed; cross-sectional and phenomenological. The recorded data were evaluated for cross-sectional phase and purposeful and snowball sampling was conducted for qualitative phase. Data were collected through five focus group interviews (one healthcare workers grou

Nationwide analysis of medicine search behaviour and system performance: a one-year evaluation of MediVerify in Sri Lanka (July 2024-July 2025) based on 1.49 million search queries.

BACKGROUND: National-scale digital health platforms generate large volumes of usage data that provide insights into population-level healthcare needs. MediVerify, Sri Lanka's national online medicines information platform, providing public access to the registry of all National Medicines Regulatory Authority (NMRA)-approved products, recorded over 1.49 million queries in its first year of operation. However, systematic analysis of such large-scale medicine search behaviour in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remains limited. OBJECTIVES: (1) Characterise national medicine information-s

Клиническое бремя и биохимические характеристики вирусного гепатита в третичном медицинском учреждении в Северном центре, Нигерия.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Вирусный гепатит по-прежнему является серьезной проблемой для здоровья населения мира, поскольку вирус гепатита В (ГБВ) и вирус гепатита С (ГХВ) в значительной степени способствуют хроническому заболеванию печени, циррозу и гепатоклеточной карциноме. В странах Африки, расположенных к югу от Сахары, бремя гепатита в сфере общественного здравоохранения усугубляется запоздалым диагнозом, неадекватным контролем и ограниченными ресурсами. Цель этого исследования заключалась в оценке уровней фермента печени и их связи с демографическими факторами и клинической жесткостью среди пациентов, с

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Viral hepatitis remains a significant global health concern, with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) contribu … rofiling can improve early diagnosis and resource allocation in hepatitis management. Strengthening public health infrastructure and implementing routine fibrosis assessment are vital to reducing hepatitis-related morbidity in resource-limited settings.

Mpox: transmission dynamics, treatment, and innovations.

The resurgence of monkeypox (mpox), driven by Clade IIb of the monkeypox virus (MPXV), has intensified global concerns about its transmissio … opulations, and the potential for future outbreaks necessitate sustained investment in research and public health infrastructure. By integrating innovative therapeutic approaches, effective preventive measures, and comprehensive outbreak management strategies, the global health community can better address the ongoing threat of mpox and prepare for future public health challe …

Prevalance and determinants of hypertension among adults in Somalia using Somalia demographic health survey data, SDHS 2020.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension, a major global health concern, continues to affect millions of adults worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The burden of hypertension is particularly pronounced in low- and middle-income countries, where limited healthcare resources and infrastructure pose unique challenges for effective prevention and management. Despite the pressing need for accurate data on hypertension prevalence and determinants, there is a dearth of research focusing on the Somali population. In this study, we aim to fill this critical knowledge gap by analyzing the latest

Back to Nature, Back to Self: Examining Ecotherapy as a Tool of Restorative Healing to Reduce the Impact of Environmental Injustice and Eco-Trauma.

Environmental degradation disproportionally harms communities of historically marginalized groups, with Black communities facing compounded vulnerabilities shaped by colonialism and racialized ecotrauma. While environmental justice scholarship has focused on prioritizing infrastructure-based solutions, it has given less attention to cultural responses rooted in spiritual, communal, and nature-based practices. As a result, Black ecological knowledge, histories of environmental advocacy, and ancestral healing traditions remain underrepresented or decontextualized within dominant frameworks. The

Cervical cancer elimination in India: Repurposing diagnostics, vaccination, and accelerating policy for the 2030 target.

Cervical cancer remains one of the most significant yet preventable causes of cancer-related mortality among women in India. Current estimates indicate that the country reports approximately 127,000 new cases and nearly 80,000 deaths annually, accounting for about one fifth of the global burden. Despite advances in vaccination, screening, and molecular diagnostics, coverage remains critically low: fewer than 2% of women undergo screening, and less than 1% have received a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. The introduction of the indigenous quadrivalent vaccine Cervavac in 2023 has provided re

Vaccination in Islamic countries: a narrative review.

Vaccination is a key public health intervention, and Muslims who comprise a quarter of the world's population, have shown mixed responses to it. Previous research has addressed Islamic perspectives on vaccination but understanding its efficacy from secular and religious points of view across Islamic countries is limited. This narrative review utilised database search (Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, SSRN, and Web of Science) followed by curation based on expert knowledge. It offers theological and technological insights, and the potential impacts of climate change on vaccination in Islamic cou

Validated Methods for Inactivation of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Compatible with Immune-Based and Enzymatic Downstream Analyses.

Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus (TBEV) is impacting public health in the Eurasian region, with increasing case numbers. There is, therefore, a need to expand research efforts and the corresponding infrastructure capacity. Since TBEV is classified as a risk group 3 organism in Switzerland, handling infectious material containing the virus is restricted to biosafety level 3 laboratories. In some instances, downstream analyses may need to be performed outside of the containment facility. It is, therefore, essential to validate effective inactivation protocols compatible with the safe and accurate p

Yellow Fever: Origin, Epidemiology, Preventive Strategies and Future Prospects.

Yellow fever (YF) virus still represents a major threat in low resource countries in both South America and Africa despite the presence of an effective vaccine. YF outbreaks are not only due to insufficient vaccine coverage for insufficient vaccine supply, but also to the increase in people without history of vaccination living in endemic areas. Globalization, continuous population growth, urbanization associated with inadequate public health infrastructure, and climate changes constitute important promoting factors for the spread of this virus to tropical and subtropical areas in mosquito-inf…

Bioterrorism in the Northern Hemisphere and potential impact on New Zealand.

Given the historical evidence, and the characteristics of biological weapons, it appears unlikely that terrorists will use these weapons to … given to the primary prevention of terrorism and to preparatory measures that improve the country's public health infrastructure.

Plant Biofactories for Vaccination: Progress in Edible Vaccine Technologies as a Sustainable Approach to Global Immunization.

Globally, the pathogen-driven enteric diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, disproportionately affecting populations in low-income regions. While significant strides have been made in vaccine research, challenges such as high production costs, complex manufacturing processes, and inefficient distribution continue to hinder global vaccine accessibility. To overcome these challenges, plant-based edible vaccines have emerged as a promising and innovative alternative, offering advantages such as affordability, ease of administration, and reduced reliance on cold-chain infrast

Brucellosis in the Middle East: Current situation and a pathway forward.

Brucellosis is a bacterial endemic zoonotic disease of global significance with detrimental impacts on public health and food animal production. It is caused by Brucella spp., an expanding group of pathogens able to infect various host species. Bovines and small ruminants, which excrete the bacteria in milk and in reproductive discharges, are major sources of infection for humans and other animals. Contact with contaminated animals and consumption of unpasteurized dairy products are the main routes for human infection. In spite of the considerable progress of knowledge gained and success achie

Regional Variation in Opioid-Related Emergency Medical Services Transfers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted public infrastructure and healthcare utilization. However, regional variation in opioid-related harm secondary to COVID-19 remains poorly understood. This study aimed to measure the regional variation in the association between stay-at-home orders (SAHOs) and nonfatal opioid-related emergency medical services (EMS) transfers in the United States. METHODS: In this interrupted time series design, counts of nonfatal opioid overdoses were identified in each week between July 29, 2019 and December 27, 2020 from the National Emergency Medical Services