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Developing vaccines against epidemic-prone emerging infectious diseases.

Today's world is characterized by increasing population density, human mobility, urbanization, and climate and ecological change. This globa … ealth Organization (WHO) Blueprint priority pathogens MERS-CoV, Nipah virus, Lassa fever virus, and Rift Valley fever virus, as well as Chikungunya virus, which is on the WHO watch list. The current vaccine portfolio contains a wide variety of technologies, ranging across recombinant viral vectors, nucleic acids, and recombinant proteins. To support and accelerate …

Ecohealth research in Africa: Where from-Where to?

Epidemiological mapping and risk profiling build on the idea that diseases are tied to social-ecological systems that govern the distributio … ed, tropical diseases, including brucellosis, Buruli ulcer, fascioliasis, malaria, Q fever, rabies, Rift Valley fever and schistosomiasis. Pursuing an ecohealth approach provides a platform that brings together community members, decision makers, scientists and other stakeholders with a view to understand how ecosystem changes affect health conditions. Taken togeth …

Ocular Pathology: Role of Emerging Viruses in the Asia-Pacific Region-A Review.

The role of viral infections in ocular pathology varies greatly, involving all the components of the eye. Some viruses like herpes simplex, … omplications, Chikungunya, Dengue, Japanese encephalitis, West Nile fever, Kyasanur forest disease, Rift valley fever, Hantavirus, Henipavirus, Influenza virus, Enterovirus 71, and Asia-Pacific region, separately and with reported ocular involvement in combination. This review article discusses the epidemiology and the systemic and ocular manifestations of all emer …

Emerging viral threats in Gabon: health capacities and response to the risk of emerging zoonotic diseases in Central Africa.

Emerging infectious diseases (EID) are currently the major threat to public health worldwide and most EID events have involved zoonotic infe … in and involve 12 families of viruses. The most notorious are dengue, yellow fever, ebola, marburg, Rift Valley fever and chikungunya viruses. Potential EID due to wildlife in Gabon are thereby plentiful and need to be inventoried. The Gabonese Public Health system covers geographically most of the country allowing a good access to sanitary information and efficien …

Pathogenic landscapes: interactions between land, people, disease vectors, and their animal hosts.

BACKGROUND: Landscape attributes influence spatial variations in disease risk or incidence. We present a review of the key findings from eight case studies that we conducted in Europe and West Africa on the impact of land changes on emerging or re-emerging vector-borne diseases and/or zoonoses. The case studies concern West Nile virus transmission in Senegal, tick-borne encephalitis incidence in Latvia, sandfly abundance in the French Pyrenees, Rift Valley Fever in the Ferlo (Senegal), West Nile Fever and the risk of malaria re-emergence in the Camargue, and rodent-borne Puumala hantavirus and…

Arboviruses in Cancer therapy: pros and cons.

Arboviruses, arthropod-borne RNA viruses, are increasingly being recognized not only as causative agents of infectious diseases but also as … V), Dengue virus (DENV), Yellow Fever virus (YFV), West Nile virus (WNV), Reovirus, Alphavirus, and Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV), have shown tumor-selective cytotoxicity and strong immunogenicity. ZIKV targets glioblastoma stem-like cells via CD24/SOX2-integrin αvβ5 signaling, while DENV enhances cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity through TRAIL and cytokine inductio …

Virus-induced translational arrest through 4EBP1/2-dependent decay of 5'-TOP mRNAs restricts viral infection.

The mosquito-transmitted bunyavirus, Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), is a highly successful pathogen for which there are no vaccines or therapeutics. Translational arrest is a common antiviral strategy used by hosts. In response, RVFV inhibits two well-known antiviral pathways that attenuate translation during infection, PKR and type I IFN signaling. Despite this, translational arrest occurs during RVFV infection by unknown mechanisms. Here, we find that RVFV infection triggers the decay of core translation machinery mRNAs that possess a 5'-terminal oligopyrimidine (5'-TOP) motif in their 5'-U…

Developmental disorders of the fetus in some arthropod-borne virus infections.

A number of arboviruses have been associated with congenital defects in domestic aminals and man. In this review comparison is made of the temporal association between epidemics of arboviruses affecting man and animals in which there is an obvious relationship between the infection and the fetal defects, and arboviruses which cause no overt clinical symptoms in the vertebrate host but result in deformities of the fetus. The danger to the fetus following the use of live attenuated virus vaccines against several important arbovirus diseases is also examined. It is concluded that arboviruses whic

Establishment of an ex vivo vascular tissue model to investigate bunyavirus-triggered vascular endothelial injury.

UNLABELLED: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, an emerging infectious disease caused by the tick-borne bunyavirus severe fever wit … tissue can be used as a model for studying bunyavirus-triggered endothelial injury. Both SFTSV and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) can successfully infect ex vivo human vascular tissue, as evidenced by detection of viral nucleoprotein and viral amplification in the tissue. Histopathological analysis, TUNEL staining, and endothelial injury-associated transcriptional …

Aptamer and aptasensor technology for diagnosis of infectious diseases: A mini review.

BACKGROUND: Aptamers are not so new a concept, however, it is scarcely discussed by medical fraternity. Aptamers are potent, new identificat … st Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus), Monkeypox, Nipah virus infection, Novel coronavirus, Plague, Rift Valley fever, SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), Smallpox, Tularaemia, Yellow fever, and Zika virus disease have been identified by the WHO and are being explored for applicability of aptamer technology in their identification. OBJECTIVES: One of the mos …

Артропод-Борн Вирусы в Мавритании: Обзор литературы.

За последние четыре десятилетия в Мавритании поступали сообщения о периодических вспышках различных вирусов, передаваемых через артропод. Этот обзор направлен на консолидацию нынешних знаний об эпидемиологии основных арбовирусов, циркулирующих в Мавритании. Для получения результатов соответствующих опубликованных исследований использовались онлайновые базы данных, включая PubMed и Web of Science. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что почти во всех 13 районах Мавритании имели место многочисленные вспышки арбовирусных заболеваний различной величины, причем наиболее распространенными и

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
During the past four decades, recurrent outbreaks of various arthropod-borne viruses have been reported in Mauritania. This review aims to c … ous arboviral outbreaks of variable magnitude occurred in almost all 13 regions of Mauritania, with Rift Valley fever (RVF), Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), and dengue (DEN) being the most common infections. Other arboviruses causing yellow fever (YF), chikungunya (CHIK), o'nyong-nyong (ONN), Semliki Forest (SF), West Nile fever (WNF), Bagaza (BAG), Wessels …

Concurrent malaria and arbovirus infections in Kedougou, southeastern Senegal.

BACKGROUND: Malaria is one of the leading causes of acute febrile illness (AFI) in Africa. With the advent of malaria rapid diagnostic tests … NV), dengue (DENV), chikungunya (CHIKV), Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHFV), Zika (ZIKV), and Rift Valley fever viruses (RVFV). Malaria parasite infections were investigated using thick blood smear (TBS) and rapid diagnostics tests (RDT) while arbovirus infections were tested by IgM antibody detection (ELISA) and RT-PCR assays. Data analysis of single or conc …

Nematocera (Ceratopogonidae, Psychodidae, Simuliidae and Culicidae) and control methods.

The biology, veterinary importance and control of certain Nematocera are described and discussed. Culicoides spp. (family Ceratopogonidae) t … he filariae O. gutturosa, O. linealis and O. ochengi. Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) and Rift Valley fever (RVF) have been isolated from simuliids, and vesicular stomatitis virus New Jersey strain has been replicated in Simulium vittatum. Simuliids are well known as vectors of O. volvulus, the cause of human onchocercosis (river blindness). The family Ps …

Serological evidence for potential yellow fever virus infection in non-human primates, southeastern Mexico.

BACKGROUND: Arthropod-borne flaviviruses like dengue virus (DENV) and yellow fever virus (YFV) are major human pathogens. In Latin America, … assay (IFA) to detected IgG antibodies against DENV, YFV, Zika virus (ZIKV), West Nile virus (WNV), Rift Valley fever virus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and Zaire Ebola virus, and confirmed by plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT90) representing all mosquito-borne flavivirus serocomplexes circulating i …

Такман Аррей Карта в режиме реального времени цепная реакция полимеразы для обнаружения патогенов в целой крови фебрильных стационаров в северной части Танзании, 2016 - 2019 годы.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Острое желудочное заболевание является общей причиной для получения медицинской помощи в странах с низким и средним уровнем дохода. Мы описываем диагностическую полезность карты TackMan Array (TAC) в режиме реального времени цепной реакции полимеразы (PCR) для обнаружения патогенов у педиатрических и взрослых стационарных больных с фебрилевым заболеванием. МЕТОДЫ: В рамках этого перспективного когортного исследования мы проверили медицинские приемы на тимпаническую температуру ≥38,0°C или лихорадку в течение 72 часов и использовали PCR для обнаружения патогенов, включая

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Acute febrile illness is a common reason for seeking healthcare in low- and middle-income countries. We describe the diagnostic … detections included four viral pathogens: dengue (n = 1), enterovirus (n = 7), measles (n = 1) and Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV) (n = 3). Forty-six bacterial pathogens were detected in 44 (6.3%) participants, including fastidious bacteria such as Bartonella spp. (n = 2), Brucella spp. (n = 3), Coxiella burnetii (n = 2), Leptospira spp. (n = 1), M. tuberculosis (n …

Current knowledge of vector-borne zoonotic pathogens in Zambia: A clarion call to scaling-up "One Health" research in the wake of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.

BACKGROUND: Although vector-borne zoonotic diseases are a major public health threat globally, they are usually neglected, especially among … reported including Yellow fever, Ntaya, Mayaro, Dengue, Zika, West Nile, Chikungunya, Sindbis, and Rift Valley fever viruses. Flea-borne zoonotic pathogens reported include Yersinia pestis and Rickettsia felis. Trypanosoma sp. was the only tsetse fly-borne pathogen identified. Further, tick-borne zoonotic pathogens reported included Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic feve …

2'-Fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine is a broad-spectrum inhibitor of bunyaviruses in vitro and in phleboviral disease mouse models.

2'-Fluoro-2'-deoxycytidine (2'-FdC) was reported to inhibit various viruses in vitro, including Borna disease, hepatitis C, Lassa fever, influenza and certain herpes viruses, and is inhibitory to influenza viruses in mice. We investigated the antiviral activity of 2'-FdC against several unrelated bunyaviruses in 50% cytopathic effect (CPE) inhibition assays and, with viruses that cause limited CPE, 90% virus yield reduction (VYR) assays. La Crosse (LACV), Maporal, Punta Toro, Rift Valley fever (RVFV), and San Angelo viruses were inhibited in CPE assays at 2.2-9.7 μM concentrations. In VYR assa…

Review of antiviral peptides for use against zoonotic and selected non-zoonotic viruses.

Viruses remain one of the leading causes of animal and human disease. Some animal viral infections spread sporadically to human populations, … s (AVPs). The review summarizes the state of the art of the AVPs tested in zoonotic (coronaviruses, Rift Valley fever viruses, Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus, Dengue and Junín virus) and also non-zoonotic farm animal viruses (avian and cattle viruses). Their molecular target, amino acid sequence and mechanism of action are summarized and reviewed. Antiviral pept …