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Retrograde Maculopathy or Microcystic Macular Degeneration in Patients With Optic Neuritis due to Neuromyelitis Optica.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to highlight findings of retrograde maculopathy (RM) on optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a sequela of neuromyelitis optica associated optic neuropathy. OBSERVATIONS: We report two patients with demyelinating lesions involving the visual pathways due to neuromyelitis optica in whom RM was seen, and in whom the location of the RM corresponded to their visual deficits. In one case, we describe a patient who had a demyelinating chiasmal lesion with bitemporal hemianopia and who had corresponding binasal RM. In another case, we describe a patient who had gene

Clinical risk factors for recurrence in adult-onset myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated optic neuritis.

BACKGROUND: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated optic neuritis (MOG-ON) is a subtype of demyelinating optic neuritis (ON) characterized by a considerable risk of relapse; however, the demographic and clinical factors associated with recurrence remain poorly defined, posing ongoing challenges for patient management. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on adult-onset MOG-ON patients diagnosed in the Ophthalmology Department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital (PLAGH) from January 2019 to January 2024. Patients were divided into two groups bas…

AI-assisted diagnosis of neuro-ophthalmic disorders: a systematic review from optic neuritis to papilledema.

BACKGROUND: Neuro-ophthalmic disorders like optic neuritis and papilledema are diagnostically challenging, with non-specific symptoms and reliance on expert interpretation of optic nerve head imaging (Liu TYA et al. J Neuroophthalmol. 41(3):368–74, 2021). Misdiagnosis can lead to severe consequences, including irreversible vision loss or failure to detect life-threatening conditions. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning (DL), shows promise but its application in this nuanced field is not well-defined. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review evaluates the current state of AI in di…

Severe Guillain-Barré syndrome with concurrent optic neuritis in a pediatric patient: a case report.

INTRODUCTION: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare, immune-mediated polyneuropathy primarily affecting the peripheral nervous system. Diagnosis is often supported by neuroconduction studies showing polyradiculoneuropathy and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealing albumin-cytological dissociation. However, these features may not appear in the early stages, leading to potential misdiagnosis. The central nervous system (CNS) is generally not affected due to differences in antigen expression, optic neuritis (ON), a demyelinating inflammation of the optic nerve, occasionally co-occurs with…

Central alterations of brain networks in patients with optic neuritis: a resting state fMRI study.

AIM: To assess the alterations in the resting-state function connections between the two cerebral hemispheres in patients with optic neuritis (ON) and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS: A total of 12 ON patients (six males and six females) and 12 HCs (six males and six females) who were highly matched for sex, age, and educational level were recruited. They underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), testing and brain activities were assessed using the degree centrality (DC) method. Correlation analysis between the mean DC values in specific brain areas and behavior performances was…

Advances in biomarkers for optic neuritis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: a multi-omics perspective.

Optic neuritis (ON) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are inflammatory neuro-ophthalmological conditions characterized by significant visual impairment and diverse clinical manifestations. Advances in diagnostic biomarkers have improved disease identification, including aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG). However, some patients remain biomarker-negative, complicating differential diagnosis and personalized treatment. Multi-omics approaches have provided valuable insights into critical molecular pathways, …

Atypical Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Case of Unilateral Optic Neuritis and Partial Transverse Myelitis.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the optic nerves and spinal cord, leading to optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. Atypical cases of NMOSD pose diagnostic challenges, particularly when initial symptoms deviate from classical presentations. We report an atypical NMOSD case involving a 22-year-old female presenting with unilateral optic neuritis and incomplete transverse myelitis. The patient exhibited myoclonus, acute urinary retention, and autonomic dysfunction. Diagnosis was confirmed through clinical assessment, o…

Treatment of post-vaccination optic neuritis: implications from the global SARS-CoV-2 vaccination effort.

PURPOSE: Optic neuritis (ON) is a rare but treatable side effect of vaccination. The global vaccination effort to SARS-CoV-2 offered a unique chance to study post-vaccination ON. METHODS: A one-year, prospective, multi-center follow-up study by the International Consortium for ON (ICON) in specialized neuro-ophthalmological clinical centers. The pre-specified protocol was confirm with the international consensus diagnostic criteria for making a diagnosis of definite ON. The main outcome measures were speed of treatment initiation, best corrected high contrast visual acuity and retinal asymmet…

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus with acute retrobulbar optic neuritis and abducens nerve palsy: a case report.

Herpes zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO) affecting the ophthalmic division (V1) of the trigeminal nerve. HZO may cause extraocular muscle palsies, with the third nerve being the most commonly affected and the fourth nerve the least. The combined involvement of the optic nerve and isolated paralysis of the eye muscle is very rare, with only limited case reports documenting this complication of ocular herpes zoster. This case report also describes a case of optic nerve involvement with 6th nerve palsy, which was treated with corticosteroid and valacyclovir.

Диффузионно взвешенные изображения и оксиметрия сетчатки как потенциальные биомаркеры визуальных результатов после оптического неврата.

Для разъяснения механизмов, влияющих на восстановление визуальной функции после оптического неврита (ОН), в настоящем исследовании используется модель многокамерной диспергированной съемки (DWI) для оценки роли оптической целостности излучения и ее связи с параметрами сетчатки, включая автоматическую оксиметрию сетчатки и разбавление слоя сетчатки нервного волокна (RNFL). Двадцать четыре пациента с первым эпизодом острой односторонней НО по сравнению с 56 здоровыми добровольцами с нормальным зрением. Кроме того, продольный анализ, проведенный через 3 и 6 месяцев после начала лечения, был прове

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
To elucidate the mechanisms influencing visual function recovery after optic neuritis (ON), this study employed a multicompartment diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) model to assess the role of optic radiation integrity and its relationship with retinal parameters, including automatic retinal oximetry and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning. Twenty-four …

Is serum angiotensin-converting enzyme a suitable biomarker for differentiating idiopathic and demyelinating optic neuritis?

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to measure serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in patients diagnosed with idiopathic and demyelinating optic neuritis (ON) as well as heathy individuals and assess its viability as a biomarker. METHODS: This clinical case-control study was conducted on patients diagnosed with acute ON as the case group and healthy controls aged between 18 and 50 years. Based on findings from systemic and neurological evaluation, the study group was divided into: Idiopathic ON and demyelinating ON (including multiple sclerosis [MS], neuromyelitis optica [NMO], and cl…

Влияние состояния самоконтроля на визуальные результаты у пациентов с острым оптическим невритом без множественного склероза.

КОЛИЧЕСТВО: Оптический неврит (ОН) представляет собой наиболее часто распространенную оптическую нейропатию у молодых людей; однако продольные данные о визуальном восстановлении, особенно в аутоиммунных подтипах, по-прежнему ограничены. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы оценить долгосрочные визуальные результаты у пациентов с тяжелым НО без множественных склерозов, стратифицированных по статусу автоантибиоза: аквапорин-4 (AQP4)-IgG положительный, mielin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG положительный и двойной серонегативный (DN). МЕТОДЫ: В период с января 2016 года по апрель

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Optic neuritis (ON) represents the most common optic neuropathy in young adults; however, longitudinal data on visual recovery, particularly in autoimmune ON subtypes, remain limited. This study aimed to assess long-term visual outcomes in patients with severe ON without multiple sclerosis stratified by autoantibody status: aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG…

Optic Neuritis in a 15-Year-Old Female Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Optic neuritis represents a rare clinical entity leading to vision loss within the pediatric population. While not an urgent or life-threatening condition, optic neuritis may serve as a manifestation of various systemic diseases. When pediatric patients present with complaints of vision loss, it is imperative to consider optic neuritis as a potential differential diagnosis. This prompts further investigation to exclude systemic diseases capable of causing substantial morbidity. This article details a case report involving optic neuritis in a 15-year-old Hispanic female, outlining the investiga…

Optic Neuritis in Resolving Phase of COVID-19 Infection and Its Management: A Case Report.

Optic neuritis is assumed to be immune-mediated, although the specific antigens that cause demyelination are uncertain. Systemic T-cell activation is detected at the onset of symptoms, which occurs before alterations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The optic nerve disease is a rare disease and can occur in one or both eyes, especially in those with no established inflammatory or autoimmune illnesses. Adult ophthalmic neuritis is usually unilateral and is frequently associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). Generally, it starts as a rapid loss of vision and pain in eye movement. It progresses and …

Positive Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibodies in Isolated Optic Neuritis in a 14-Year-Old Child.

Optic neuritis (ON) is a rare condition in the pediatric age group. Patients with optic neuritis can manifest with a wide range of drops in vision, ranging from mild loss to complete loss of vision. Knowing the cause of optic neuritis is an important point that will affect management and prognosis. Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (anti-MOG) antibody is an autoantibody that causes demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). Treatment with a high dose of IV steroids followed by oral steroids is the best regimen that shows a favorable vision outcome. We aim to report this case of …

Optic Neuritis Leading to Vision Loss: A Case of MOG-Associated Disease with Successful Immunotherapy.

BACKGROUND Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-associated disease (MOGAD) is a recently described inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), which needs to be distinguished from aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-IgG+NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). CASE REPORT A 42-year-old woman presenting with loss of vision due to optic neuritis was admitted to the Naval Medical Center in October 2022. She had optic disc edema, blurred visual margins, optic disc pallor, and deficient visual field in both eyes. Cranial magnetic …

Glucosamine Use and Risk of First-Ever Optic Neuritis: A Nationwide 16-Year Longitudinal Analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Evidence of neuroprotective effects of glucosamine on Asian optic neuritis (ON) patients remains sparse. We aimed to examine the longitudinal association between glucosamine use and the incidence of first-ever ON to identify the factors contributing to reducing ON risk in older Asian populations. METHODS: This nationwide cohort study from 2000 to 2015 evaluated 24,155 individuals. The International Classification of Diseases-9 Clinical Modification code 377 determined newly diagnosed ON. Outcomes include the annual trend of first-ever ON incidence, crude/adjusted hazard ratios (…

A case report of minimal change disease associated with Kimura disease complicated by optic neuritis.

Kimura disease (KD) is a rare chronic inflammatory disease that typically presents with soft subcutaneous granulomas in the head and neck re … right monocular vision appeared at the time of third recurrence of MCD, leading to the diagnosis of optic neuritis (ON). Optic nerve involvement associated with KD is extremely rare, and this case is noteworthy in that inflammation in the optic nerve was observed at the time of MCD recurrence with increased disease activity of KD, suggesting the existence of a c …

Management of Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus with Optic Neuritis and Cavernous Sinus Involvement: A Case Report.

PURPOSE: To report a treatment approach of a rare presentation of herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) with optic neuropathy and oculomotor nerve palsy. METHODS: Report of one case. RESULTS: Multiple lesions involving the optic nerve and cavernous sinus were demonstrated on magnetic resonance imaging in a patient with a characteristic herpes zoster rash in the V1 dermatomal distribution. Following treatment with systemic ganciclovir and intravenous corticosteroids, the patient experienced dramatic improvement in visual acuity, from hand motion to 20/25. CONCLUSION: This report demonstrates a ra