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Low-Barrier Fibrosis Screening in Hepatitis C Treatment: The Decompensated Cirrhosis in Hepatitis C Evaluation Questionnaire.

Achieving hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination requires innovative paradigms that overcome barriers to treatment, such as requiring pre-treatment elastography or phlebotomy-based fibrosis assessment. To identify patients at low risk of advanced fibrosis or decompensated cirrhosis within our HCV treatment programme, we developed and retrospectively assessed a clinical decision tool, the Decompensated Cirrhosis in Hepatitis C Evaluation Questionnaire (DCHEQ). Here we describe the development of DCHEQ and its test characteristics. We conducted a retrospective, nested, case-control study within a c…

Higher Incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Suppressed Hepatitis B Cirrhosis Compared With Cured Hepatitis C Cirrhosis.

INTRODUCTION: Direct-acting antiviral agents effectively cure chronic hepatitis C (CHC), whereas curative therapy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is rare. We aimed to compare hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence between suppressed CHB vs cured CHC patients with cirrhosis. METHODS: We analyzed 5,773 cirrhosis patients from 43 centers in 9 countries: 1,877 with treated and suppressed CHB and 3,896 with direct-acting antiviral agents-cured CHC using inverse probability treatment weight and competing risk analysis through Fine and Gray method. RESULTS: After inverse probability treatment weigh…

Dynamic predicting hepatitis B surface antigen decline rate during treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Prediction of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) decline rates during treatment is crucial for achieving a higher proportion of functional cure outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and so is the identification of favorable patients. A total of 371 patients who received pegylated interferon alpha monotherapy or sequential/combined nucleos(t)ide analogues therapy between May 2018 and July 2024 were included for follow-up analysis. The patients were divided into a training set, a validation set and a test set via time series partitioning and random partitioning methods. The prima…

Metabolomic Profiling of Hepatitis B-Associated Liver Disease Progression: Chronic Hepatitis B, Cirrhosis, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background/Objective: The hepatitis B virus (HBV) can cause chronic hepatitis B (CHB), which can rapidly progress into fatal liver cirrhosis (CHB-LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (CHB-HCC). Methods: In this study, we investigated metabolites associated with distinct clinical stages of HBV infection for the identification of stage-specific serum metabolite biomarkers using 1H-NMR-based metabolomics. Results: A total of 64 serum metabolites were identified, among which six core discriminatory metabolites, namely isoleucine, tryptophan, histamine (for CHB), and pyruvate, TMAO, lactate (for CHB-HC…

Association between hepatitis B virus markers and liver fibrosis staging in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

BACKGROUND: Existing assessment systems for chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-associated liver fibrosis (LF) exhibit insufficient accuracy, thereby requiring further improvements. AIM: To investigate the association of LF staging with hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb), hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV-DNA), and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in patients with CHB. METHODS: We selected 120 patients with CHB receiving treatment in Hangzhou Linping District First People's Hospital from January 2020 to June 2024. Participants were allocated into the mild (F0-F1, n = 52) and moderate-to-severe groups (F2-F…

Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus Antibody Positivity in Chinese Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Large-scale data on the hepatitis D virus (HDV)/hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection rate is needed to estimate the current epidemiology of HDV in China. This study aimed to estimate the current epidemiology of HDV. METHODS: Patients with chronic HBV infection, with documented serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity for more than six months, were enrolled across China. Blood samples were collected at baseline for central evaluations of HDV antibody and HBsAg quantification. Assessments for antibodies of hepatitis A virus, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis E virus,…

Антиген, связанный с гепатитом B, как многообещающий серологический маркер для мониторинга лечения гепатита B.

Заражение вирусом В (ВБВ) является глобальной проблемой здравоохранения. Нынешние последовательные параметры лечения инфекции ГБВ включают в себя вирусное подавление, сероконверсию гепатита В и антигена (ГБЭАГ), функциональное лекарство и кавалентно закрытый круглый анализ ДНК (ccDNA). Антиген, связанный с серным гепатитом B (HBcrAg), представляет собой формирующийся HBV-маркет, состоящий из трех компонентов: HBEAg, Hext B-клентовый антиген и p22cr. Она хорошо реагирует на транскрипционную активность ccDNA в печени пациента и является многообещающим альтернативным маркером для серологического

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health concern. The current sequential endpoints for the treatment of HBV infection include viral suppression, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion, functional cure, and covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) clearance. Serum hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) is an emerging HBV marker comprising …

Hepatitis B Virus e Antigen in Mother-to-Child Transmission and Clinical Management of Hepatitis B.

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health problem that leads to approximately one million deaths every year worldwide. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is the major cause of chronic HBV infection. HBV e antigen (HBeAg) is a secretory viral protein and modulates the immunological landscape of the newborn to promote HBV persistence. HBeAg actively reprograms innate and adaptive immunity. Mechanistically, HBeAg regulates macrophage polarization, suppresses dendritic cell and natural killer (NK) cell activities, impairs T cell and B cell functions, and promotes the expansion o…

Late presentation for hepatitis C treatment: prevalence and risk factors in the Swiss Hepatitis C Cohort.

OBJECTIVE: Patients with 'late presentation' (LP) of chronic hepatitis C infection (HCV) have already developed advanced liver disease before receiving direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment. Even after successful treatment, the risk of morbidity and premature death remains elevated, leading to an unnecessary disease burden. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of LP within the prospective observational Swiss Hepatitis C Cohort (SCCS) and evaluate risk factors as determinants of LP. METHODS: Treatment-naïve participants of SCCS who received DAA treatment between 2014 and 2019 were inclu…

A case presentation of widespread macular amyloidosis associated with dual hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection.

Macular amyloidosis is a variant of primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis in which amyloid protein is believed to be derived from keratinocytes. The care of this variant generally focuses on addressing the associated symptoms without the need to assess for underlying disease. However, an increasing number of cases of primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis have been reported in association with systemic diseases, particularly autoimmune diseases. A few cases of biphasic primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis have been reported in association with chronic hepatitis C infection. Herein, we re…

Previous hepatitis E virus infection is associated with increased liver stiffness in patients with autoimmune hepatitis.

INTRODUCTION: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic, progressive liver disease that, in most cases, may require lifelong immunosuppression. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a leading cause of acute, typically self‑limited hepatitis worldwide, although immunocompromised patients may develop chronic hepatitis. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the impact of HEV seropositivity on the clinical course of AIH. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study involved a group of 374 adult patients with AIH (68% women; median [interquartile range] age, 34 [18-83] years; 38% with liver cirrhosis). Serum HEV immunoglobulin…

High prevalence of hepatitis B virus susceptibility among persons undergoing community-based hepatitis C virus treatment.

BACKGROUND: Due to shared modes of transmission, coinfection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) is common, and HBV vaccination is recommended for all persons with HCV who remain susceptible to HBV. To identify potential gaps in HBV vaccination among this high-risk population, we aimed to determine the patterns of HBV susceptibility in persons undergoing community-based HCV treatment. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study within two community-based HCV treatment programs in an urban US setting. Participants were identified for HCV screening and confirmatory testin…

CD4+ T-cell recovery in HIV/hepatitis C co-infected patients following successful hepatitis C treatment.

INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis C virus (HCV)/HIV co-infection has been identified as a risk for impaired CD4+ T-cell recovery, possibly mediated by HCV-induced liver fibrosis and/or immune activation. As HCV direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) may partially reverse liver fibrosis and immune activation, sustained HCV virological response (SVR) may lead to improved CD4 recovery. We explored the effect of HCV DAA-induced SVR on CD4 recovery among patients living with both HCV and HIV, including those with poor CD4 recovery on antiretroviral therapy (immunological non-responders [INRs]). METHODS: Subjects a…

Cost-effectiveness analysis of hepatitis E vaccination strategies among patients with chronic hepatitis B in China.

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of hepatitis E vaccination strategies in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. METHODS: Based on the societal perspective, the cost-effectiveness of three hepatitis E vaccination strategies-vaccination without screening, screening-based vaccination, and no vaccination-among CHB patients was evaluated using a decision tree-Markov model, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated. Values for treatment costs and health utilities were estimated from a prior investigation on disease burden, and values for transition prob…

Second-Phase Hepatitis C Plasma Viral Kinetics Directly Reflects Reduced Intrahepatic Burden of Hepatitis C Virus.

BACKGROUND: Mathematical models explain how antivirals control viral infections. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment results in at least 2 phases of decline in viremia. The first phase reflects clearance of rapidly produced virions. The second phase is hypothesized to derive from loss of infected cells but has been challenging to prove. METHODS: Using single-cell methods, we quantified the number of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected hepatocytes in liver biopsies taken before and within 7 days of initiating direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in a double-blinded randomized controlled trial testing 2 …

The 11th Canadian Symposium on Hepatitis C Virus: 'Getting back on track towards hepatitis C elimination'.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects approximately 204,000 Canadians. Safe and effective direct-acting antiviral therapies have contributed to decreased rates of chronic HCV infection and increased treatment uptake in Canada, but major challenges for HCV elimination remain. The 11th Canadian Symposium on Hepatitis C Virus took place in Ottawa, Ontario on May 13, 2022 as a hybrid conference themed 'Getting back on track towards hepatitis C elimination.' It brought together research scientists, clinicians, community health workers, patient advocates, community members, and public health officials to …

Hepatitis B surface antigen reduction is associated with hepatitis B core-specific CD8+ T cell quality.

Despite treatment, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) persists in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), suggesting the likely presence of the virus in the body. CD8+ T cell responses are essential for managing viral replication, but their effect on HBsAg levels remains unclear. We studied the traits of activated CD8+ T cells and HBV-specific CD8+ T cells in the blood of CHB patients undergoing nucleos(t)ide analog (NUC) therapy. For the transcriptome profiling of activated CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), CD69+ CD8+ T cells were sorted from six donors, and single…