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Herpes zoster vaccine: A health economic evaluation for Switzerland.

Herpes zoster (HZ) or "shingles" results from a reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (VZV) acquired during primary infection (chickenpox) and surviving in the dorsal root ganglia. In about 20% of cases, a complication occurs, known as post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN). A live attenuated vaccine against VZV is available for the prevention of HZ and subsequent PHN. The present study aims to update an earlier evaluation estimating the cost-effectiveness of the HZ vaccine from a Swiss third party payer perspective. It takes into account updated vaccine prices, a different age cohort, latest clin…

The Role of Childhood Infections and Immunizations on Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group.

BACKGROUND: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare, highly malignant tumor arising from primitive mesenchymal cells that differentiate into skelet … aluated if immunizations were complete versus incomplete. We examined selected infections including chickenpox, mumps, pneumonia, scarlet fever, rubella, rubeola, pertussis, mononucleosis, and lung infections. Conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for each exposure, adjusted for mate …

Bacterial artificial chromosome derived simian varicella virus is pathogenic in vivo.

BACKGROUND: Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a neurotropic alphaherpesvirus that infects humans and results in chickenpox and herpes zoster. A number of VZV genes remain functionally uncharacterized and since VZV is an obligate human pathogen, rigorous evaluation of VZV mutants in vivo remains challenging. Simian varicella virus (SVV) is homologous to VZV and SVV infection of rhesus macaques (RM) closely mimics VZV infection of humans. Recently the SVV genome was cloned as a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) and BAC-derived SVV displayed similar replication kinetics as wild-type (WT) SVV in…

Attenuation of the adaptive immune response in rhesus macaques infected with simian varicella virus lacking open reading frame 61.

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a neurotropic alphaherpesvirus that causes chickenpox during primary infection and establishes latency in sensory ganglia. Infection of rhesus macaques (RM) with the homologous simian varicella virus (SVV) recapitulates hallmarks of VZV infection. We have shown that an antisense transcript of SVV open reading frame 61 (ORF61), a viral transactivator, was detected most frequently in latently infected RM sensory ganglia. In this study, we compared disease progression, viral replication, immune response, and the establishment of latency following intrabronchial inf…

Pertussis infection in childhood and subsequent type 1 diabetes mellitus.

AIMS: Pertussis has been implicated but not proven as a risk for Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Previous studies have investigated paediatri … odelled as time-dependent co-variates. Simultaneous adjustment was made for Wild measles, mumps and chickenpox infections; tetanus and smallpox immunizations; sex, parental social class and cohort. The potential confounding factors were modelled as fixed co-variates. RESULTS: Cox regression analysis produced adjusted odds ratios (ORs) (with 95% confidence i …

Management of herpes zoster (shingles) and postherpetic neuralgia.

Herpes zoster (commonly referred to as "shingles") and postherpetic neuralgia result from reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus acquired during the primary varicella infection, or chickenpox. Whereas varicella is generally a disease of childhood, herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia become more common with increasing age. Factors that decrease immune function, such as human immunodeficiency virus infection, chemotherapy, malignancies and chronic corticosteroid use, may also increase the risk of developing herpes zoster. Reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus from dorsal root g…

Nationwide distribution of varicella-zoster virus clades in China.

BACKGROUND: In 2010, a universal nomenclature for varicella-zoster virus (VZV) clades was established, which is very useful in the monitoring of viral evolution, recombination, spread and genetic diversity. Currently, information about VZV clades has been disclosed worldwide, however, there are limited data regarding the characterization of circulating VZV clades in China, even where varicella remains widely epidemic. METHODS: From 2008 to 2012, clinical samples with varicella or zoster were collected in General Hospital in eight provinces and analyzed by PCR, restriction endonuclease digesti

Association of infectious mononucleosis with multiple sclerosis. A population-based study.

BACKGROUND: Genetic and environmental factors have important roles in multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility. Several studies have attempted to correlate exposure to viral illness with the subsequent development of MS. Here in a population-based Canadian cohort, we investigate the relationship between prior clinical infection or vaccination and the risk of MS. METHODS: Using the longitudinal Canadian database, 14,362 MS index cases and 7,671 spouse controls were asked about history of measles, mumps, rubella, varicella and infectious mononucleosis as well as details about vaccination with mea

Quantum-enhanced multimodal prognostic transformer for skin disease progression prediction and visualization.

Accurate classification and staging of skin diseases such as monkeypox, chickenpox, and measles are critical for timely clinical intervention, particularly in resource-limited settings. We present a proof-of-concept Quantum-Enhanced Multimodal Prognostic Transformer (Q-MPT) that integrates dermoscopic images with patient metadata, including age and lesion location, to predict disease type and progression stage jointly. The architecture combines a Vision Transformer backbone with a metadata fusion pathway and a lightweight quantum layer designed to enhance feature representation. To approximate…

Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward herpes zoster vaccination among the general population aged 50 years or above in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and demographic factors related to herpes zoster (HZ) and the HZ vaccine amo … ly. Knowledge gaps were identified as many participants did not know about the relationship between chickenpox and HZ (69.43%), the infectiousness of HZ (50%), and the lifetime risk of developing HZ (79.27%). Misconceptions regarding young people's possibility of developing HZ, the disease fatality, HZ symptoms, and outcomes were also prevalent. Attitudes to …

Evidence of Varicella Zoster Virus Reactivation in Children With Arterial Ischemic Stroke: Results of the VIPS II Study.

BACKGROUND: Varicella zoster virus (VZV) has historically been associated with focal cerebral arteriopathy and arterial ischemic stroke (AIS … VZV exposure in 198 patients (97%). Parents recalled prior VZV vaccination in 160 (78%) and remote chickenpox in 3 (1.4%). Twenty patients (9.8%) had serologic evidence of recent VZV reactivation at the time of their stroke; all were asymptomatic. All had remote VZV exposure with VZV vaccination (median) 6.1 years prior. We observed recent VZV reactivation …

Pregnancy, risk behaviors and adverse reproductive outcomes: Is preconception care working in Italy?

BACKGROUND: Preconception care guidelines and recommendations have been developed in many countries but, in Europe, recommendations for heal … f the first trimester - respectively). An increased number of women were vaccinated for rubella and chickenpox, had a BMI between 18.50-24.99 and were not smokers before pregnancy in the Preconception Visit Group. CONCLUSIONS: Our survey showed a limited use of the preconception visit among Italian women. It may represent a valid resource to improve the fol …

Giant Cyst of Dermis-Fat Graft in a Child with MRSA-Case Report.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This case report presents a unique case of multiple postoperative complications, including sterile silicone implant e … hin the dermis-fat graft measured 23.6 mm in anteroposterior diameter. Surgery was postponed due to chickenpox, and the cyst enlarged reaching an anteroposterior diameter of 26.7 mm over two months. A complete excision was performed. RESULTS: The surgery was uneventful. Intraoperative orbital swab was sterile, but MRSA was detected in a conjunctival swab, l …

Designing of multi-epitope vaccine against Varicella zoster virus (VZV) using immunoinformatics and structural analysis: In silico study.

INTRODUCTION: The Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes varicella (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles), posing significant global health challenges. Despite existing vaccines, gaps in coverage and efficacy persist, necessitating novel vaccine designs. This study aimed to develop a multi-epitope vaccine targeting VZV using immunoinformatics and structural bioinformatics approaches. METHODS: MHC-I and MHC-II binding epitopes from VZV proteins (glycoprotein E, glycoprotein B, tegument protein IE63) were predicted using IEDB tools, prioritizing conserved epitopes with high binding affinity. A …

Potent and long-lasting humoral and cellular immunity against varicella zoster virus induced by mRNA-LNP vaccine.

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a highly contagious human herpes virus responsible for causing chickenpox (varicella) and shingles (herpes zoster). Despite the approval of a highly effective vaccine, Shingrix®, the global incidence of herpes zoster is increasing and the economic burden to the health care system and society are substantial due to significant loss of productivity and health complications, particularly among elderly and immunocompromised individuals. This is primarily because access to the vaccines remains mostly limited to countries within developed economies, such as USA and Ca…

Public Perception in Saudi Arabia Toward Herpes Zoster and Its Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Herpes zoster (HZ) or shingles, arises from the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (VZV), mainly affecting older and immu … ). Public knowledge about HZ was limited, only 29.6% of participants recognized the risk of HZ post-chickenpox. More than half of the participants were not aware that the vaccine is provided by the Saudi Ministry of Health (MOH) for certain groups. However, over 75% are willing to receive the HZ vaccine upon physician recommendation. Conclusion This study sh …

Structures of the Varicella Zoster Virus Glycoprotein E and Epitope Mapping of Vaccine-Elicited Antibodies.

Background: Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is the causative agent for chickenpox and herpes zoster (HZ, shingles). HZ is a debilitating disease affecting elderly and immunocompromised populations. Glycoprotein E (gE) is indispensable for viral replication and cell-to-cell spread and is the primary target for anti-VZV antibodies. Importantly, gE is the sole antigen in Shingrix, a highly efficacious, AS01B-adjuvanted vaccine approved in multiple countries for the prevention of HZ, yet the three-dimensional (3D) structure of gE remains elusive. Objectives: We sought to determine the structure of VZ…

Острый вирус Варичелла-Зостер в не вакцинированном пациенте с руматоидным артритом: доклад по делу и литературный обзор.

Растет глобальная распространенность ревматоидного артрита (RA), что приводит к более широкому использованию ингибиторов Janus cinase (JAK). Поступили сообщения о нескольких случаях заболевания пневмонией вирусом варицелла-зостер (VZV) у пациентов с вирусом RA. Однако, насколько нам известно, ни в одном из сообщений не содержится убедительных доказательств того, что в этой пациентке происходит реинфекция VZV. В этом деле описывается 52-летняя женщина с РА, у которой развилась сильная пневмония. Пациентка лечилась комбинацией метотрексата, барициниба и игуратимода. В детстве у нее была ветрянка

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The global prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is increasing, resulting in an increased use of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. Several ca … t was treated with a combination of methotrexate, baricitinib, and iguratimod. She had a history of chickenpox during childhood and had not been vaccinated against VZV. Two weeks after her family member was infected by shingles, the patient developed multiple vesicles throughout her body. The patient was diagnosed with VZV reinfection based on the history an …

Herpes zoster peripheral nerve complications: Their pathophysiology in spinal ganglia and nerve roots.

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox at the primary infection and then becomes latent in the spinal dorsal root ganglia; VZV can reactivate with aging, immunosuppression, stress, and other factors, occurring as herpes zoster (HZ) at 1-2 skin segments. HZ peripheral nerve complications caused by VZV reactivation include Hunt syndrome, segmental HZ paresis, post-herpetic neuralgia, and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). We have encountered the rare HZ complications of upper-limb paresis, myeloradiculitis, and polyradiculoneuritis: an adult woman with upper-limb paresis consistent with the …

Varicella-zoster virus-associated meningitis, encephalitis, and myelitis with sporadic skin blisters: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) generally causes chickenpox at first infection in childhood and then establishes latent infection in the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord or other nerves. Virus reactivation owing to an impaired immune system causes inflammation along spinal nerves from the affected spinal segment, leading to skin manifestations (herpes zoster). Viremia and subsequent hematogenous transmission and nerve axonal transport of the virus may lead to meningitis, encephalitis, and myelitis. One such case is described in this study. CASE SUMMARY: A 64-year-old man presen…