Результаты поиска

D-π-A structure fluorophore: NIR emission, response to viscosity, detection cyanide and bioimaging of lipid droplets.

Intracellular viscosity, an important microenvironment factor, is closely involved in various cell processes as well as diseases. On the oth … serve as an efficient and suitable cyanide test kit. Moreover, CTR could selectively accumulate in lipid droplets and visualize the metabolism of lipid droplets in live cells. These findings would provide new avenue to design fluorescent probe for effective response to viscosity, detection of cyanide, and bioimaging of lipid droplets in live cells.

The formation of lipid droplets favors intracellular Mycobacterium leprae survival in SW-10, non-myelinating Schwann cells.

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that is caused by the obligate intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium leprae (M.leprae), which is the leading cause of all non-traumatic peripheral neuropathies worldwide. Although both myelinating and non-myelinating Schwann cells are infected by M.leprae in patients with lepromatous leprosy, M.leprae preferentially invades the non-myelinating Schwann cells. However, the effect of M.leprae infection on non-myelinating Schwann cells has not been elucidated. Lipid droplets (LDs) are found in M.leprae-infected Schwann cells in the nerve biopsies of lepromato…

Perilipin 5 restores the formation of lipid droplets in activated hepatic stellate cells and inhibits their activation.

Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) are major effectors during hepatic fibrogenesis. The activation of HSC is coupled to the loss of lipid droplets (LDs), which are specialized organelles composed of neutral lipids surrounded by perilipins. LDs have emerged as a focal point of interest in understanding the metabolic regulation of intrahepatic lipids during lipid-mediated liver fibrogenesis. Perilipin 5 (Plin5) is a newly identified LD protein in the perilipin family, which plays a key role in regulating aspects of intracellular trafficking, signaling, and cytoskeletal organization in hepatocytes. Rec…

Absence of hepatic stellate cell retinoid lipid droplets does not enhance hepatic fibrosis but decreases hepatic carcinogenesis.

OBJECTIVE: Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) contain a number of bioactive metabolites or their precursors including retinoids in their characteristic lipid droplets. The loss of lipid droplets and retinoids is a hallmark of HSC activation, but it remains unclear whether this loss promotes HSC activation, liver fibrogenesis or carcinogenesis. DESIGN: Spontaneous and experimental fibrogenesis as well as a diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis were investigated in lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (LRAT)-deficient mice which lack retinoid-containing lipids droplets in their HSCs. RESULTS:…

The deubiquitinase activity of the Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 effector, SseL, prevents accumulation of cellular lipid droplets.

To cause disease, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium requires two type III secretion systems that are encoded by Salmonella pathogenici … n also caused dramatic changes in host cell lipid metabolism and led to the massive accumulation of lipid droplets in infected cells. This phenotype was directly attributable to the deubiquitinase activity of SseL, as a Salmonella strain carrying a single point mutation in the catalytic cysteine also resulted in extensive lipid droplet accumulation. The excessiv …

Hypoxia-inducible lipid droplet-associated protein (HILPDA) and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) co-contribute to protecting intestinal epithelial cells from Staphylococcus aureus via regulating lipid droplets formation.

Despite Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) being a highly studied zoontic bacterium, its enteropathogenicity remains elusive. Herein, our findings demonstrated that S. aureus infection led to the accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs) in intestinal epithelial cells, accompanied by marked elevation inflammatory response that ultimately decreases intracellular bacterial load. The aforestated phenomenon may be partly attributed to the up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible lipid droplet-associated protein (HILPDA) and the concomitant down-regulation of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) protein. Moreover, S…

Differentiation and Induction of Lipid Droplet Accumulation in Human Adipocytes as a Model to Study Obesity In Vitro.

Obesity-related changes in adipose tissue alter local secretory profiles and influence interactions with other surrounding cells, including cancer cells. The continued delivery of nutrients shifts the metabolism of fat cells, making them act as a lipid reservoir. Typically, research on obesity mechanisms relies on animal models, which, however, do not allow analysis of metabolic processes at the cellular level. Hence, there is a need to develop a reliable in vitro model of human obesity that can help explore changes in the function of obese adipocytes compared to their lean counterparts. This

A lipid droplet-targeted viscosity-sensitive fluorescent probe for visualization of tumor and NAFLD imaging.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and tumors remain major clinical challenges, characterized by aberrant lipid droplets (LDs) accumulation and elevated microenvironmental viscosity as key pathological features. In this study, we developed a series of carbazole-based fluorescent probes, LJL1-LJL6. Through systematic screening of their photophysical properties and bioimaging performance, LJL1 was identified as the optimal candidate due to its superior viscosity sensitivity and LDs-targeting specificity. Specifically, LJL1, featuring a carbazole-thiophene electron-donating unit and a pyri…

Emerging roles and therapeutic implications of lipid droplet protein perilipin 2 in liver disease.

Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic organelles that store neutral lipids when energy is in excess and serve as an energy reservoir during energy deprivation. Altered hepatic lipid metabolism is a critical factor influencing the development of liver disease, such as viral hepatitis, fatty liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Perilipin 2 (PLIN2) is a protein associated with the metabolism of intracellular LDs and is closely related to the clinical outcome of liver disease. While the impact of PLIN2 on the pathogenesis of liver disease is gradually being recognized, the mechanism of action r…

Liver lipid droplet cholesterol content is a key determinant of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) represents a progressive form of steatotic liver disease which increases the risk fo … d manifested early markers of liver fibrosis associated with increased cholesterol content in liver lipid droplets within 5 d without any changes in total liver cholesterol content. Treating mice with antisense oligonucleotides against Coenzyme A synthase (Coasy) or treatment with bempedoic acid or atorvastatin decreased liver lipid droplet cholesterol content a …

Ultrastructure analysis of mitochondria, lipid droplet and sarcoplasmic reticulum apposition in human heart failure.

BACKGROUND: Cardiomyocyte structural remodeling is reported as a causal contributor to heart failure (HF) development and progression. Growi … s revealed alterations in lipid droplet dynamics including decreased lipid droplet content and less lipid droplets in association with mitochondria in failing cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION: Here we observed changes in organelle dynamics in cardiomyocytes isolated from heart failure patients diagnosed with differing etiologies. Our results suggest that organelle st …

Seipin-Mediated Lipid Droplet Formation in Cardiomyocytes Ameliorates Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.

Cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is an important therapeutic target for ischemic heart disease. Lipid droplets (LDs) are the key organelles involved in lipid metabolism. This study aimed to identify the LD-mediated protection against lipotoxicity in cardiac I/R injury. LD accumulation is upregulated in hearts subjected to I/R injury; however, it is insufficient to neutralize lipotoxicity or prevent cardiomyocyte death. Seipin played a central role in LD biogenesis in cardiomyocytes following I/R injury. Seipin deficiency led to reduced LD levels and exacerbated cardiac I/R injury. Whe…

Ultrastructure analysis of mitochondria, lipid droplet and sarcoplasmic reticulum apposition in human heart failure.

BACKGROUND: Cardiomyocyte structural remodeling is reported as a causal contributor to heart failure (HF) development and progression. Growi … is revealed alterations in lipid droplet dynamics including decreased lipid droplet number and less lipid droplets in association with mitochondria in failing cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION: We observed dysregulated organelle dynamics which was conserved across various etiologies of heart failure. Our results suggest that organelle structure and apposition is a pos …

Lipid droplet-enriched luminogens enable adoptive macrophage transfer for treatment of bacterial sepsis.

Bacterial sepsis, a life-threatening systemic inflammatory response to infection affecting over 30 million people annually, is exacerbated by antibiotic resistance and immune suppression. Here, we report a small luminescent molecule, TPA2PyPh, as a potent antibacterial agent and its potential for lipid droplet-engineered macrophage transfer strategy in treating bacterial sepsis. Engineered macrophages, created by directly incubating TPA2PyPh with macrophages, enabled the luminogen to precisely bind to intracellular lipid droplets. Upon engulfment of bacteria, these TPA2PyPh-loaded macrophages …

Lipid droplet-associated proteins in alcohol-associated fatty liver disease: A proteomic approach.

BACKGROUND: The earliest manifestation of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is steatosis characterized by deposition of fat in specialized organelles called lipid droplets (LDs). While alcohol administration causes a rise in LD numbers in the hepatocytes, little is known regarding their characteristics that allow their accumulation and size to increase. The aim of the present study is to gain insights into underlying pathophysiological mechanisms by investigating the ethanol-induced changes in hepatic LD proteome as a function of LD size. METHODS: Adult male Wistar rats (180-200 g BW) we…

Knockdown of NEAT1 prevents post-stroke lipid droplet agglomeration in microglia by regulating autophagy.

BACKGROUND: Lipid droplets (LD), lipid-storing organelles containing neutral lipids like glycerolipids and cholesterol, are increasingly accepted as hallmarks of inflammation. The nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1), a long non-coding RNA with over 200 nucleotides, exerts an indispensable impact on regulating both LD agglomeration and autophagy in multiple neurological disorders. However, knowledge as to how NEAT1 modulates the formation of LD and associated signaling pathways is limited. METHODS: In this study, primary microglia were isolated from newborn mice and exposed to ox…

Protumoral lipid droplet-loaded macrophages are enriched in human glioblastoma and can be therapeutically targeted.

Glioblastoma presents a formidable clinical challenge because of its complex microenvironment. Here, we characterized tumor-associated foam cells (TAFs), a type of lipid droplet-loaded macrophage, in human glioblastoma. Through extensive analyses of patient tumors, together with in vitro and in vivo investigations, we found that TAFs exhibit distinct protumorigenic characteristics related to hypoxia, mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and impaired phagocytosis, and their presence correlates with worse outcomes for patients with glioma. We further demonstrated that TAF formation is facilitat

DDHD2 promotes lipid droplet catabolism by acting as a TAG lipase and a cargo receptor for lipophagy.

Mutations in the DDHD2 (DDHD domain containing 2) gene cause autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia type 54 (SPG54), a rare neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the early childhood onset of progressive spastic paraplegia. DDHD2 is reported as the principal brain triacylglycerol (TAG) lipase whose dysfunction causes massive lipid droplet (LD) accumulation in the brains of SPG54 patients. However, the precise functions of DDHD2 in regulating LD catabolism are not yet fully understood. In a recent study, we demonstrate that DDHD2 interacts with multiple members of the Atg8-family proteins

Инъекция группы 4C фосфолипаса А2 с помощью ВЦВ регулирует образование липидных капель.

Гепатический стейтоз, характеризующийся накоплением липидов в гепатоцитах, является ключевой диагностической особенностью у пациентов с хроническим вирусом гепатита С (HCV). Цель этого исследования заключалась в том, чтобы прояснить участие фосфолипидных метаболических путей в патогенезе, вызванном ВКВ стетозом. МЕТОДЫ: Выражение и распределение липидов в печени мышей печени печени человека анализировались с использованием масс-спектрометрии. Скопление триглицерида и образование липидных капель изучалось в фосфолипсе A2 группы 4C (PLA2G4C) или перевыражающих клетках.Результаты: Изображение мас

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Hepatic steatosis, characterized by lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, is a key diagnostic feature in patients with chron … ranscription by HCV infection and expression of the viral proteins Core-NS2. The amount and size of lipid droplets were reduced in PLA2G4C-knockout cells. Inhibition of NF-κB or c-Myc activity suppressed lipid droplet formation in HCV-infected cells. HCV infection promoted the stabilization of lipid droplets, but this stability was reduced in PLA2G4C-knockout ce …

Effect of vitamin D3 on lipid droplet growth in adipocytes of mice with HFD-induced obesity.

Vitamin D-regulating action of PPARγ on obesity has been confirmed on adipocyte differentiation. However, it is not clear whether vitamin D affects the morphological size of mature adipocytes by influencing the expression of PPARγ in vivo. Our hypothesis was that Vitamin D3 (VitD3) inhibits the growth of adipocyte size by suppressing PPARγ expression in white adipocytes of obese mice. Five-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal diet and high-fat diet groups. After 10 weeks, the body weight between the two groups differed by 26.91%. The obese mice were randomly divided in