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Physical and Functional Impairment Among Older Adults With a History of Traumatic Brain Injury.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the association of lifetime history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) with later-life physical impairment (PI) and functional impairment (FI) and to evaluate the impact of neurobehavioral symptoms that frequently co-occur with TBI on these relations. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1148 respondents to the 2014 Wave of the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative survey of older community-dwelling adults, randomly selected to participate in a TBI exposure survey. They reported no prior TBI (n = 737) or prior TBI (n = 411). DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey study. M…

Depressive Symptoms and Loneliness Among Black and White Older Adults: The Moderating Effects of Race.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Loneliness is consistently linked to worse depression/depressive symptoms; however, there are few studies that have examined whether the relationship between loneliness and depressive symptoms varies by race. The purpose of this study was to determine whether race moderated the relationship between loneliness and depressive symptoms. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Data come from the 2014 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) Core survey and Psychosocial Leave-Behind Questionnaire; only black and white older adults were included in the analysis (N = 6,469). Dep…

Low back pain should be considered a health and research priority in Brazil: Lost productivity and healthcare costs between 2012 to 2016.

BACKGROUND: Low Back Pain (LBP) is associated with an increase in disability-adjusted life years, and increased risk of disability retirement and greater absenteeism in Brazil. Hence, evidence on healthcare and lost productivity costs due to LBP is of utmost importance to inform decision-makers. METHODS: Cost-of-illness study with top-down approach, and societal perspective. We extracted data from National databases, considering the period 2012-2016. Outpatient expenses included clinical, surgical, diagnosis, orthosis/prosthetics, and complementary actions. Inpatient care expenses included ho…

The burden of health conditions across race and ethnicity for aging Americans: Disability-adjusted life years.

Despite evidence suggesting race and ethnicity are important factors in responses to environmental exposures, drug therapies, and disease risk, few studies focus on the health needs of racially- and ethnically-diverse aging adults.The objective of this study was to determine the burden of 10 health conditions across race and ethnicity for a nationally-representative sample of aging Americans.Data from the 1998 to 2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study, an ongoing longitudinal-panel study, were analyzed.Those aged over 50 years who identified as Black, Hispanic, or White were included. T…

Socio-demographic and lifestyle factors associated with multimorbidity in New Zealand.

OBJECTIVES: The incidence of multimorbidity (MM) and its correlates among older adults remain poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the socio-demographic and lifestyle factors associated with MM in New Zealand. METHODS: People aged 55-70 years were invited to participate in a population-based cohort study, the Health Work and Retirement Study, in 2006. Those who accepted the invitation and completed the baseline questionnaire were followed up on a biennial basis. Data on socio-demographic factors, health and lifestyle behaviours, and diagnoses of chronic diseases were obtained from b…

How Much Information and Participation Do Patients with Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases Prefer in Interaction with Physicians? Results of a Participatory Research Project.

OBJECTIVE: Patient preferences for information and participation in medical decision-making are important prerequisites to realize a shared … oup membership. Conversely, a lower preference for participation was linked to blue-collar workers, retirement, higher confidence in the rheumatologist, and poorer health literacy. CONCLUSION: Whereas patients consistently welcome comprehensive information about their disease and its different treatment options, not all patients wish to be involved in thera …

Frailty and nutritional status in older people: the Mini Nutritional Assessment as a screening tool for the identification of frail subjects.

INTRODUCTION: Frailty is a condition characterized by reduced resistance to low-level stress events, resulting from the progressive decline … ed by handgrip dynamometry, and frailty score was calculated using the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe-Frailty Index (SHARE-FI). RESULTS: Approximately 38% of the study population was frail, with the prevalence of frailty being greater among hospitalized older patients. Among frail subjects, 65% were at risk of malnutrition (RMN) and 10% w …

Men, Mental Health and Elite Sport: a Narrative Review.

Mental health in elite sport is receiving more publicity due to an increase in male athletes sharing their personal experiences. Sports inju … e events. This ongoing stress does not end when their sporting career does, it can follow them into retirement. The physical and psychological demands placed upon them by the sporting environment may predispose athletes to developing depression. As an athlete's symptoms of mental illness intensify, their performance can be negatively affected leaving them vu …

Should capacity assessments be performed routinely prior to discussing advance care planning with older people?

UNLABELLED: ABSTRACTBackground:People with dementia receive worse end of life care compared to those with cancer. Barriers to undertaking ad … eople (mean age = 84.1) with a Mini-Mental State Examination of 24 or above were recruited from two retirement villages in Auckland. Participants also completed Trail Making Test Part A & Part B and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) before undertaking the two capacity assessments that were video recorded to enable further analysis by four independent old a …

The obesity paradox and incident cardiovascular disease: A population-based study.

BACKGROUND: Prior work suggests that obesity may confer a survival advantage among persons with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This obesity " … re these findings with those based on prevalent disease. METHODS: We used data from the Health and Retirement Study, an ongoing, nationally representative longitudinal survey of U.S. adults age 50 years and older initiated in 1992 and linked to Medicare claims. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the association between weight status and mo …

Return to the workforce following coronary artery bypass grafting: A Danish nationwide cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Returning to the workforce after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) holds important socioeconomic consequences not only for … 4 (10.2%) were on paid sick leave, 267 (4.4%) received disability pension, 250 (4.1%) were on early retirement, 57 (0.9%) had died, and 16 (0.3%) had emigrated. Factors associated with return to the workforce were identified using multivariable logistic regression. Younger age (18-45 versus 56-60years; odds ratio, 1.89; 95% confidence interval, 1.48-2.42), m …

Hostility predicts alcohol consumption over a 21-year follow-up in the Gazel cohort.

BACKGROUND: Hostility has been found to be positively associated with alcohol intake in cross-sectional studies. Our aim was to examine pros … endent variable. Multivariable analyses were adjusted for age, occupational status, marital status, retirement status and depression score. All the analyses were stratified by sex. RESULTS: Among men (women), 83.0% (76.2%) completed at least 75% of all annual assessment of alcohol consumption over a 21-year follow-up. In univariate analysis, alcohol consump …

The economic burden of human papillomavirus-related precancers and cancers in Sweden.

BACKGROUND: High-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is an established cause of malignant disease. We used a societal perspective … utilization and indirect costs on loss of productivity due to morbidity (i.e., sick leave and early retirement) and premature mortality. RESULTS: The total annual cost of all HR HPV-attributable precancers and cancers was €94 million (€10.3/inhabitant). Direct costs accounted for €31.3 million (€3.4/inhabitant) of the total annual cost, and inpatient care a …

Molecular Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus in the General Population in Northeast Germany: Results of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-TREND-0).

Population-based studies on Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization are scarce. We examined the prevalence, resistance, and molecular diver … . aureus strains. MRSA carriage was associated with frequent visits to hospitals, nursing homes, or retirement homes within the previous 24 months. All MRSA strains were resistant to multiple antibiotics. Most MRSA isolates belonged to the pandemic European hospital-acquired MRSA sequence type 22 (HA-MRSA-ST22) lineage. We also detected one livestock-associa …

Combinations of Chronic Conditions, Functional Limitations, and Geriatric Syndromes that Predict Health Outcomes.

BACKGROUND: The strategic framework on multiple chronic conditions released by the US Department of Health and Human Services calls for identifying homogeneous subgroups of older adults to effectively target interventions aimed at improving their health. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to identify combinations of chronic conditions, functional limitations, and geriatric syndromes that predict poor health outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Data from the 2010-2012 Health and Retirement Study provided a representative sample of U.S. adults 50 years of age or older (n = 16,640). MAIN MEASURES: Outco…

Are self-reported neighbourhood characteristics associated with onset of functional limitations in older adults with or without memory impairment?

BACKGROUND: Neighbourhood resources may preserve functional independence in older adults, but little is known about whether benefits differ for individuals with normal and impaired memory. We evaluated the extent to which neighbourhood context was related to onset of instrumental and basic activities of daily living (I/ADL) limitations and whether relationships were modified by memory impairment. METHODS: Health and Retirement Study participants 50+ years of age without baseline I/ADL limitations (n=8726 for IADL and n=8345 for ADL models) were interviewed biennially for up to 8 years. Self-r…

[Effect of air pollution on health service demand of the elderly and middle-age patients with hypertension, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: based on analysis of data from CHARLS].

OBJECTIVE: To study the association of air pollution with health service demand of the elderly and middle-age patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and to provide a scientific basis for development of environmental protection policy and health service policy of the Chinese government. METHODS: This study included survey data on self-evaluated health, outpatient service demand and inpatient service demand of the patients with hypertension, heart disease and stroke in 62 cities of 17 provinces from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2011 and 2013, an…

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis in adulthood: fulfilment of classification criteria for adult rheumatic diseases, long-term outcomes and predictors of inactive disease, functional status and damage.

OBJECTIVES: To determine how adult juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients fulfil classification criteria for adult rheumatic diseases, … with higher HAQ, JADI-A and JADI-E. Higher JADI-A was also associated with biological treatment and retirement due to JIA disability and higher JADI-E with corticosteroids exposure. Younger age at disease onset was predictive of higher HAQ, JADI-A and JADI-E and decreased the chance of inactive disease. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the included patients fulfilled c …

Выживание пациентов с многодиапазонным туберкулезом в Восточной Европе: что имеет значение?

В Восточной Европе значительно улучшилось качество лечения больных туберкулезом; тем не менее показатели устойчивости к лекарственным препаратам остаются высокими. Мы проанализировали выживаемость в группе пациентов с многодиапазонно-стойким туберкулезом (MDR-/XDR-) из Латвии, Литвы, Эстонии и Бухареста. МЕТОДЫ: В 2009 году (а в 2007 году в Латвии) были зарегистрированы новые пациенты и пациенты, проходящие повторное лечение с подтвержденным культурой лёгким МДР-ТБ, зарегистрированным для лечения; была собрана информация о будущем выживании. Результаты: В группу было включено в общей сложности

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: The quality of care for patients with TB in Eastern Europe has improved significantly; nevertheless drug resistance rates remain … DR-TB and XDR-TB; 1.9 years in patients coinfected with HIV. Older age, male gender, alcohol abuse, retirement, co-morbidities, extrapulmonary involvement and HIV coinfection independently worsened survival. Inclusion of fluoroquinolones and injectable agents improves survival in patients with MDR-TB. Pre-XDR and XDR status did not significantly shorten surv …

Determinants of health-related quality of life in older primary care patients: results of the longitudinal observational AgeCoDe Study.

BACKGROUND: In older patients with chronic diseases, focusing on subjective, patient-relevant outcomes, such as health-related quality of li … d those without depression can also benefit from moving into an institution (for example, a care or retirement home).