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Antibody therapy for Lassa fever.

Serum from convalescent Lassa fever patients was previously shown to be ineffective as a source of protective antibodies in some early studies. Subsequently, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the Lassa virus (LASV) glycoprotein produced by memory B cells of West African patients who survived Lassa fever were identified. Development of MAbs as potential Lassa immunotherapeutics was facilitated by structural studies and mutational analyses that identified protective epitopes on the prefusion form of the LASV glycoprotein. Human mAbs were screened for reactivity to different neutralizing epitopes, …

GenBank2PubMed: bridging viral genomic data and the scientific literature with AI-assisted curation.

GenBank entries of pathogenetic viral sequences are typically annotated with host species and epidemiological metadata. However, linking the … three high-mortality viruses with outbreak potential: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) virus, Lassa virus, and Nipah virus. We identified 193 CCHF virus submission sets (4,754 entries), 78 Lassa virus sets (2,663 entries), and 34 Nipah virus sets (355 entries). Of these submission sets, 173 (89.6%), 64 (82.1%), and 31 (91.2%) linked to published CCHF vi …

Tetravalent Rabies-Vectored Filovirus and Lassa Fever Vaccine Induces Long-term Immunity in Nonhuman Primates.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to evaluate the immunogenicity of adjuvanted monovalent rabies virus (RABV)-based vaccine candidates against Ebola virus (FILORAB1), Sudan virus (FILORAB2), Marburg virus (FILORAB3), Lassa virus (LASSARAB1), and combined trivalent vaccine candidate (FILORAB1-3) and tetravalent vaccine candidate (FILORAB1-3 and LASSARAB) in nonhuman primates. METHODS: Twenty-four Macaca fascicularis were randomly assigned into 6 groups of 4 animals. Each group was vaccinated with either a single adjuvanted vaccine, the trivalent vaccine, or the tetravalent vaccine at …

Виртуальная динамика Ласса в нечеловеческих приматах, обработанных фавипирамивиром или рибавирином.

Вирус Ласса (LASV) вызывает геморрагическую лихорадку. Нет никакой вакцины против ЛАГВ, и единственное рекомендуемое противовирусное лечение зависит от рибавирина, несмотря на ограниченные доказательства эффективности. Недавно аналог нуклеотида Favipir продемонстрировал высокую противовирусную эффективность, при этом 100% выживает в модели лихорадки Ласса, которая в остальном полностью не является человеческой приматом (NHP). Однако механизм действия этого наркотика неизвестен, а отсутствие фармакокинетических данных ограничивает перевод этих результатов в человеческое окружение. Здесь мы стре

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Lassa fever is an haemorrhagic fever caused by Lassa virus (LASV). There is no vaccine approved against LASV and the only recommended antiviral treatment relies on ribavirin, despite limited evidence of efficacy. Recently, the nucleotide analogue favipiravir showed a high antiviral efficacy, with 100% survival obtained in an otherwise fully lethal non-human …

Field evaluation of a Pan-Lassa rapid diagnostic test during the 2018 Nigerian Lassa fever outbreak.

Lassa virus (LASV) is the causative agent of Lassa fever (LF), an often-fatal hemorrhagic disease. LF is endemic in Nigeria, Sierra Leone and other West African countries. Diagnosis of LASV infection is challenged by the genetic diversity of the virus, which is greatest in Nigeria. The ReLASV Pan-Lassa Antigen Rapid Test (Pan-Lassa RDT) is a point-of-care, in vitro diagnostic test that utilizes a mixture of polyclonal antibodies raised against recombinant nucleoproteins of representative strains from the three most prevalent LASV lineages (II, III and IV). We compared the performance of the Pa…

Searching for immune correlates in Lassa vaccine development - workshop report.

The first workshop dedicated to Lassa virus–specific correlates of protection (CoP) was held in 2024 and was convened by the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI). Experts from multiple disciplines reviewed existing knowledge and identified gaps in understanding Lassa virus- and vaccine-induced immune responses. Discussions covered key areas including epidemiology, immunogenicity, preclinical and clinical research, data science, and regulatory considerations, with the goal of pinpointing opportunities to discover CoP.

Capacity building permitting comprehensive monitoring of a severe case of Lassa hemorrhagic fever in Sierra Leone with a positive outcome: case report.

Lassa fever is a neglected tropical disease with a significant impact on the health care system of endemic West African nations. To date, ca … ymptoms and onset of haemorrhaging prompted medical officials to suspect Lassa fever. A recombinant Lassa virus protein based diagnostic was employed in diagnosing Lassa fever upon admission. This patient experienced a severe case of Lassa hemorrhagic fever with dysregulation of overall homeostasis, significant liver and renal system involvement, the interpla …

Lassa fever outbreaks, mathematical models, and disease parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Understanding the epidemiological parameters and transmission dynamics of Lassa fever, a significant public health threat in west Africa caused by the rodent-borne Lassa virus, is crucial for informing evidence-based interventions and outbreak response strategies. Therefore, our study aimed to collate and enhance understanding of the key epidemiological parameters of Lassa fever. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review, searching PubMed and Web of Science for peer-reviewed studies published from database inception up to June 13, 2024, to compile and analyse key epidemiological p…

Fatal Lassa fever in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with systemic viral dissemination and inflammation.

The pathogenesis of Lassa fever has not yet been fully deciphered, particularly as concerns the mechanisms determining whether acute infection is controlled or leads to catastrophic illness and death. Using a cynomolgus monkey model of Lassa virus (LASV) infection reproducing the different outcomes of the disease, we performed histological and transcriptomic studies to investigate the dynamics of LASV infection and the immune mechanisms associated with survival or death. Lymphoid organs are an early major reservoir for replicating virus during Lassa fever, with LASV entering through the cortic…

Elevated L-threonine is a biomarker for Lassa fever and Ebola.

BACKGROUND: Lassa fever and Ebola are characterized by non-specific initial presentations that can progress to severe multisystem illnesses … mino acid L-threonine is elevated during Ebola virus infection. L-Threonine is also elevated during Lassa virus infection. We also confirmed that platelet-activating factor (PAF) and molecules with PAF moiety are reduced in the blood of patients with fatal Lassa fever. Similar changes in PAF and PAF-like molecules were not observed in the blood of Ebola patie …

Review of the literature and proposed guidelines for the use of oral ribavirin as postexposure prophylaxis for Lassa fever.

Lassa fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic illness; the virus is endemic in West Africa and also of concern with regard to bioterrorism. Transmission of Lassa virus between humans may occur through direct contact with infected blood or bodily secretions. Oral administration of the antiviral drug ribavirin is often considered for postexposure prophylaxis, but no systematically collected data or uniform guidelines exist for this indication. Furthermore, the relatively low secondary attack rates for Lassa fever, the restriction of the area of endemicity to West Africa, and the infrequency of high-…

Результаты исследований и глобальные тенденции в " Ласса фавер " : 50-летний библиометрический анализ (1975-2025 годы).

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: лихорадка Ласса представляет собой серьезную угрозу для здоровья населения, главным образом в Западной Африке. Цель этого библиометрического исследования заключалась в документировании результатов исследований, касающихся лихорадки Ласса. В нем анализируются тенденции в области выпуска публикаций для научных исследований, участие различных стран, производственных учреждений и их сетей сотрудничества, влиятельные финансирующие учреждения, доминирующие исследовательские области, высшие журналы, производительные авторы и частоты ключевых слов.МЕТОДЫ: Из баз данных " Sc

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Lassa fever poses a significant public health threat, primarily concentrated in West Africa. This bibliometric study aimed to do … trieved from the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases by using the keywords "Lassa fever," OR "Lassa virus," OR "Lassa hemorrhagic fever," OR "Lassa mammarenavirus," OR "LASV." The retrieved records were restricted to the study period, screened for English language, and further refined to include original research articles. The Scopus and WoS datasets we …

A systematic review of mathematical models of Lassa fever.

This systematic review, conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, scrutinizes mathematical models employed in the study of Lassa fever. The analysis revealed the inherent heterogeneity in both models and data, posing significant challenges to parameter estimation. While health and behavioral interventions exhibit promise in mitigating the disease's spread, their efficacy is contingent upon contextual factors. Identified through this review are critical gaps, limitations, and avenues for future research, necessitating increased harmonization and standardization in modeling approaches. The cons

Lassa fever vaccine candidates: A scoping review of vaccine clinical trials.

OBJECTIVE: Lassa fever (LF) is caused by a viral pathogen with pandemic potential. LF vaccines have the potential to prevent significant disease in individuals at risk of infection, but no such vaccine has been licensed or authorised for use thus far. We conducted a scoping review to identify and compare registered phase 1, 2 or 3 clinical trials of LF vaccine candidates, and appraise the current trajectory of LF vaccine development. METHOD: We systematically searched 24 trial registries, PubMed, relevant conference abstracts and additional grey literature sources up to 27 October 2022. After

Sensorineural hearing loss in Lassa fever: two case reports.

INTRODUCTION: Lassa fever is an acute arena viral haemorrhagic fever with varied neurological sequelae. Sensorineural hearing loss is one of the rare complications which occur usually during the convalescent stage of the infection. CASE PRESENTATION: The cases of two female patients aged 19 and 43 years old, respectively, with clinical features suggestive of Lassa fever and confirmed by immunoserological/Lassa-virus-specific reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction are presented. Both patients developed severe sensorineural hearing loss at acute phases of the infections. CONCLUSION: S

Genome-wide association study identifies human genetic variants associated with fatal outcome from Lassa fever.

Infection with Lassa virus (LASV) can cause Lassa fever, a haemorrhagic illness with an estimated fatality rate of 29.7%, but causes no or mild symptoms in many individuals. Here, to investigate whether human genetic variation underlies the heterogeneity of LASV infection, we carried out genome-wide association studies (GWAS) as well as seroprevalence surveys, human leukocyte antigen typing and high-throughput variant functional characterization assays. We analysed Lassa fever susceptibility and fatal outcomes in 533 cases of Lassa fever and 1,986 population controls recruited over a 7 year pe…

Review of cases of nosocomial Lassa fever in Nigeria: the high price of poor medical practice.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate two hospital outbreaks of Lassa fever in southern central Nigeria. SETTING: Hospitals and clinics in urban and rural areas of Imo State, Nigeria. DESIGN: Medical records were reviewed in hospitals and clinics in both areas. Patients with presumed and laboratory confirmed Lassa fever were identified and contracts traced. Hospital staff, patients, and local residents were questioned, records were carefully reviewed, and serum samples were taken. Serum samples were assayed for antibody specific to Lassa virus, and isolates of Lassa virus were obtained. RESULTS: Among …

Pre-clinical development of a vaccine against Lassa fever.

Lassa virus (LASV) is a persistent global health threat that causes about half a million cases of Lassa fever each year in Western Africa. Although most cases are mild, the disease can cause significant morbidity and results in as many as 5,000 deaths per year. Since 2015, Nigeria has been experiencing a severe and extended outbreak of Lassa fever, raising concerns that it could spill over into other countries and reach a magnitude similar to the West African Ebola outbreak of 2013-2016. Despite the burden that Lassa fever places on public health, both in Africa and around the world, there are…