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[Results of phage typing of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi-B in the years 1974-1978 from the Federal Republic of Germany including Berlin (West) (author's transl)].

In the period between 1.1.1974 and 31.12.1978 phage typing of 2058 strains of S. typhi and 1672 strains of S. paratyphi-B was carried out. 45 S. typhi phage types were found, 11 of these occurred in a frequency of more than 1% (relevant to foci). These were E1 a (21.6%), A (17.7%), F1 (5.8%), D1 (5.5%), C1 (4.6%), E1b (4.1%), D2 (2.5%), 40 (1.5%), 29 (1.3%), B2 (1.0%), 46 (1.0%). Among S. paratyphi-B strains 23 phage types or varieties were observed, 11 of these occurred in a frequency more than 1% (relevant to foci): Taunton (46.9%), 1 m.c. (7.8%), 3aI m.c. (7.7%), B.A.O.R. (6.5%), 3aI var. 1

A Retrospective, Multicenter Analysis Within the National Network Genomic Medicine Lung Cancer in Germany to Detect RET Fusions as a Possible Mechanism of Resistance in Patients With EGFR Mutations.

BACKGROUND: Resistance to third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as osimertinib remains a major challenge in the treatment of EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While on-target and bypass mechanisms such as MET amplification are well-characterized, oncogenic fusions-particularly RET fusions-are emerging as relevant resistance mechanisms in a subset of patients. The feasibility of dual inhibition strategies and personalized monitoring through liquid biopsy remains underexplored in real-world clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective, multi

Process evaluation of a nurse-led transitional care model (Cardiolotse) within a randomized controlled trial aiming to improve care coordination for patients with cardiovascular diseases in Germany.

BACKGROUND: Patients with higher age suffering from cardiovascular disease discharged from hospital are at greater risk of readmission within 30 days. We evaluated an innovative care program providing post-discharge support and helping patients to navigate through the healthcare system. This paper reports the findings of the process evaluation of the randomized controlled trial Cardiolotse, a nurse-led transitional care model improving care coordination for patients with cardiovascular diseases in Germany. METHODS: A process evaluation, following the guidelines of the Medical Research Council…

Feasibility, use and usability of an adapted mHealth tool for dementia risk reduction among middle-aged and older adults in Germany: protocol for a non-randomised pilot study.

INTRODUCTION: Several potentially modifiable factors are associated with the risk of cognitive decline and dementia, indicating potential fo … dy to test an mHealth intervention for dementia risk reduction among middle-aged to older adults in Germany. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will translate and adapt the smartphone-based intervention MyBraincoach for dementia risk reduction, developed at Maastricht University in the Netherlands, to the German healthcare setting and test the app in a 12-week, no …

Hygiene Knowledge and Digital Health Literacy in Emergency Medical Services in Germany: A Cross-Sectional Study of EMS Personnel and Emergency Physicians with Relevance for the Development of Training Programmes.

Background: Effective hygiene and infection prevention are essential for patient and staff safety in EMS. This study assessed hygiene and infection prevention knowledge among EMS personnel and emergency physicians in Thuringia, Germany. Specifically, it examined knowledge of WHO recommendations on hand hygiene, standard infection prevention measures, appropriate use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and the management of patients with confirmed multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). In addition, associations with digital health literacy, job satisfaction, teamwork, and patient safety wer…

Self-rated health and mental health before and during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: the population-based German National Cohort (NAKO) study.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic and accompanying social distancing measures might have caused adverse health consequences. We aimed to describe changes in participants' self-rated health and mental health (depression, anxiety, and stress), and investigate factors associated with them. METHODS: We collected data from the German National Cohort (NAKO). We first described changes in participants' self-rated health and mental health from the baseline examination (1 to 6 years earlier) to the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. We then applied the multinomial logistic regression model (self-ra

"I Don't Have to Say That They Are Dying Now": Professionals' Perspectives on Death-Related Communication With Children and Young People With Intellectual Disabilities in Paediatric Palliative Care in Germany.

BACKGROUND: Children and young people with life-limiting conditions in palliative care often have some degree of intellectual disability. Literature about death communication with this patient group is limited. This study aimed to explore professionals' perspectives on death communication with children and young people with intellectual disabilities in palliative care in Germany. METHODS: Seven participants who worked in paediatric palliative care were interviewed. A qualitative study design was utilised with semi-structured interviews and a thematic analysis. RESULTS: Two main themes were i…

Economic evaluation of oral Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir versus best supportive care in patients at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19 in Germany: a cost-effectiveness analysis.

AIM: To estimate the cost-effectiveness of Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NMV/r) versus best supportive care (BSC) in patients at high-risk for progression to severe COVID-19 from a German health payer perspective. METHODS: A closed cohort static model of 1,000 COVID-19 patients capturing the short-term (<1 year) via decision-tree and long-term (lifetime) outcomes via Markov model was used to assess the cost-effectiveness of NMV/r versus BSC. Model inputs were derived from the EPIC-HR clinical trial and published contemporary real-world data. Probabilistic and deterministic sensitivity analyses (PSA

Real-world effectiveness and tolerability of cenobamate in drug-resistant epilepsy: A retrospective analysis of the patients included into the Early Access Programs (EAP) in Germany, France, and United Kingdom.

OBJECTIVE: Investigate real-world outcomes in drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) patients treated with cenobamate as adjunctive treatment to other antiseizure medications (ASMs) within the Early Access Programs (EAP) in Germany, France, and the United Kingdom. METHODS: DRE adults with uncontrolled focal-onset seizures were included from 19 hospitals participating in the EAP in this retrospective study. Data were sourced from clinical records. Participants were evaluated at baseline, 1 months, and 3 months from cenobamate start, and 3, 6, and 12 months after maintenance. The primary effectiveness e…

Несоответствия в доле пациентов и характеристиках между лечением и лечением болезней и лечением лиц с множественным склерозом в Германии: анализ данных, полученных с помощью 2017 в адрес 2022.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Несмотря на значительные успехи, достигнутые в области лечения множественных склерозов (МС), значительная доля людей, имеющих MS (PwMS), по-прежнему не проходит лечение с помощью методов лечения, позволяющих изменить состояние заболеваний (DMT). Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы оценить долю ПТМР, не прошедших лечение, в зависимости от клинических и социально-демографических характеристик, различия в моделях использования медицинских услуг, включая частотность МРТ и использование физиотерапии, между ПТМР, обработанными ПТМР, и ПТМР, не обработанными, а также изучить время

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Despite significant advances in multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment, a substantial proportion of people with MS (pwMS) remains u … -untreated pwMS, as well as to examine the time to first prescription among newly diagnosed pwMS in Germany from 2017 to 2022. METHODS: Longitudinal routine data from 4.5 million individuals insured by German statutory health insurance were analyzed. PwMS were identified by ICD-10-GM code G35 in at least two quarters within a calendar year. PwMS who fill …

Aseptic revisions and pulmonary embolism after surgical treatment of femoral neck fractures with cemented and cementless hemiarthroplasty in Germany: an analysis from the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD).

BACKGROUND: Femoral neck fractures (FNF) are among the most common fractures in Germany and are often treated by hemiarthroplasty (HA). The aim of this study was to compare the occurrence of aseptic revisions after cemented and uncemented HA for the treatment of FNF. Secondly, the rate of pulmonary embolism was investigated. METHODS: Data collection for this study was performed using the German Arthroplasty Registry (EPRD). HAs after FNF were divided into subgroups stratified by stem fixation (cemented vs uncemented) and paired according to age, sex, BMI, and the Elixhauser score using Mahala…

A comparative survey of veterinarians, equine owners, and equine keepers regarding the knowledge and implementation of legal requirements in Germany for the use and documentation of veterinary medicines in equines intended for slaughter.

In Europe, equines destined for human consumption (hereafter called slaughter equines) are subject to the same restrictions of usage of veterinary drugs as other food-producing animals, with amendments regulated in the so-called 'positive list', Regulation (EC) No. 1950/2006. Due to the complex legal requirements for drug administration in slaughter equines, it might be that specific knowledge regarding the legislation of slaughter equines may be insufficient among veterinarians, equine owners, and equine keepers. To study this assumption, three target group-specific surveys were conducted in

Implementation, barriers, and recommendations for further development of advance care planning for the last phase of life in nursing homes in Germany (Gut-Leben): protocol for a mixed-methods study.

BACKGROUND: Nursing home entry often marks the transition into the end-of-life. In 2018, Germany legally introduced reimbursement for advance care planning (ACP according to § 132 g SGB V) in nursing homes that applied for ACP approval to improve end-of-life care. The Gut-Leben project aims to evaluate the implementation and barriers of ACP in nursing homes in Germany, with a special focus on the federal state of Lower Saxony, and provide practical recommendations for further development of end-of-life care. METHODS: This mixed-methods study spreads across five work packages (WP) over a three…

[Specialist clinics - definition: proposal for the discussion from the ad hoc committee on care structures by the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF) for the reform of hospital care].

Fachkliniken spielen in der stationären Versorgung im deutschen Gesundheitswesen eine wesentliche Rolle. Sie zeichnen sich durch eine hohe Spezialisierung und Expertise aus und werden in zahlreichen medizinischen Disziplinen beschrieben. Allerdings fehlt bisher eine allgemein akzeptierte Legaldefinition von Fachkliniken. Die Ad-hoc-Kommission der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF) zur Reform der Krankenhausversorgung in Deutschland legt daher Vorschläge für eine Definition, die Beschreibung von Qualitätsmerkmalen und die Zuordnung zu Versorgungse

Analysis of pooled real-world data from Germany, Italy, and the United States of rVIII-SingleChain compared with standard- and long-acting FVIII products for prophylaxis of hemophilia A.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate real-world annualized bleeding rates (ABRs), dosing frequency, and factor consumption of four recombinant FVIII (rFVIII) products using pooled data from centers in the US, Germany, and Italy. METHODS: De-identified patient medical chart data were collected from 48 hemophilia treatment centers in the US, Germany, and Italy. Patients included in this analysis had hemophilia A and were treated with rVIII-SingleChain, rFVIIIFc, octocog alfa, or BAY 81-8973 for ≥12 weeks. Where possible, patient selection considered age and disease severity in order to balance patient groups…

Prevalence and Sociodemographic Predictors of Mental Health in a Representative Sample of Young Adults from Germany, Israel, Poland, and Slovenia: A Longitudinal Study during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The aim of this cross-national longitudinal study was to evaluate the prevalence and sociodemographic predictors of mental health indicators (coronavirus-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), perceived stress, anxiety, depression, and suicidal/self-harm ideation) during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in a three-month period among representative samples of young adults from Germany, Israel, Poland, and Slovenia. The participants were 1724 young adults between 20 and 40 years of age (M = 30.74, SD = 5.74). The first measurement (T1) was in February 2021 and the second …

Establishment of a specimen panel for the decentralised technical evaluation of the sensitivity of 31 rapid diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 antigen, Germany, September 2020 to April 2021.

IntroductionThe detection of SARS-CoV-2 with rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) has become an important tool to identify infected people and break infection chains. These RDT are usually based on antigen detection in a lateral flow approach.AimWe aimed to establish a comprehensive specimen panel for the decentralised technical evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 antigen rapid diagnostic tests.MethodsWhile for PCR diagnostics the validation of a PCR assay is well established, there is no common validation strategy for antigen tests, including RDT. In this proof-of-principle study we present the establishment of

Influence of migrant background on patient preference and expectations in breast and gynecological malignancies (NOGGO-expression V study): results of a prospective multicentre study in 606 patients in Germany.

BACKGROUND: An effective cross-cultural doctor-patient communication is vital for health literacy and patient compliance. Building a good relationship with medical staff is also relevant for the treatment decision-making process for cancer patients. Studies about the role of a specific migrant background regarding patient preferences and expectations are lacking. We therefore conducted a multicentre prospective survey to explore the needs and preferences of patients with a migrant background (PMB) suffering from gynecological malignancies and breast cancer to evaluate the quality of doctor-pat

Patients' perspective on emergency treatment of ophthalmologic diseases during the first phase of SARS-CoV2 pandemic in a tertiary referral center in Germany - the COVID-DETOUR questionnaire study.

BACKGROUND: During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, the need of treatment of urgent ophthalmological diseases and the possible risk of a SARS-CoV-2 infection had to be weighed against each other. In this questionnaire study, we aimed to analyze potential barriers and patients' health beliefs during and after the lockdown early 2020 in a tertiary referral center in Kiel, Germany. METHODS: Patients admitted for the treatment of urgent ophthalmic diseases between March 1st, 2020, and June 3rd, 2020, were asked to participate in a questionnaire study. After informed consent was obtained, …

Is the Parkland formula still the best method for determining the fluid resuscitation volume in adults for the first 24 hours after injury? - A retrospective analysis of burn patients in Germany.

BACKGROUND: R Rapid fluid resuscitation is a crucial therapy during the treatment of patients with extensive burns. In 1968, the Parkland Formula was introduced for the calculation of the estimated volume of the resuscitation fluid. Since then, different methods for the calculation of fluid resuscitation volume have been developed. We aimed to evaluate if the Parkland formula is still the most effective method for fluid resuscitation volume calculation in burn patients. METHODS: In the period between January 2015 and January 2019, data from 569 patients over 16 years old with burns of more th