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Perspectives on public health interventions in the management of the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand.

BACKGROUND: Any government needs to react quickly to a pandemic and make decisions on healthcare interventions locally and internationally with little information regarding the perceptions of people and the reactions they may receive during the implementation of restrictions. METHODS: We report an anonymous online survey in Thailand conducted in May 2020 to assess public perceptions of three interventions in the Thai context: isolation, quarantine and social distancing. A total of 1,020 participants, of whom 52% were women, responded to the survey. RESULTS: Loss of income was the main concer…

Rapid Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Detention Facility, Louisiana, USA, May-June, 2020.

To assess transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a detention facility experiencing a coronavirus disease outbreak and evaluate testing strategies, we conducted a prospective cohort investigation in a facility in Louisiana, USA. We conducted SARS-CoV-2 testing for detained persons in 6 quarantined dormitories at various time points. Of 143 persons, 53 were positive at the initial test, and an additional 58 persons were positive at later time points (cumulative incidence 78%). In 1 dormitory, all 45 detained persons initially were negative; 18 days later,…

[Covid-19 and child health: confinement and its impact according to child professionals.].

OBJECTIVE: The Covid-19 pandemic led to the establishment of the state of alarm in Spanish and the initial lockdown of the entire population. The aim of this study is to analyse the assessment of professionals working with children on the impact of quarantine on the health and health inequalities of the child population, as well as the importance given to the intermediate factors that can modulate the impact of the experience of lockdown on children's health. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was made according to an online questionnaire to professionals in health and socio-educational fields …

Contagious Diseases and its Consequences in the Late Qajar Period Mashhad (1892-1921).

One of the historical periods of Iran that can be studied for contagious diseases and how they spread, is the late Qajar period. The city of … cially Mashhad during the Qajar period. Hence, the neighbor governments such as Russia, ordered for quarantines to be set up at the borders and dispatched doctors to stop diseases' from reaching Russian lands. However, these attempts did not prevent the deaths of people in the border areas, especially in Mashhad, from diseases such as cholera, plague, smallp …

Spontaneous cardiomyopathy resembling acute rheumatic heart disease in an owl monkey.

A wild-caught male Aotus vociferans died spontaneously during quarantine. Histologic examination of the heart showed several small myocardial arteries replaced with fibrinoid necrosis and adjacent inflammation that included lymphocytes and large histiocytic cells. Less often, similar inflammatory foci were observed in the myocardium interstitium. The lesions observed in the heart of the owl monkey resembled Aschoff bodies.

Retrospective Cohort Study to Assess the Risk of Rabies in Biting Dogs, 2013⁻2015, Republic of Haiti.

BACKGROUND: In canine rabies endemic countries the World Health Organization recommends post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) be initiated immedia … ensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, negative predictive values, likelihood ratios, quarantine survival of biting dogs, and a risk matrix were developed. FINDINGS: The assessor's determination that the animal likely had rabies was the most significant predictive factor for a rabid dog (RR = 413.4, 95% CI 57.33⁻2985, Sn = 79.17, Sp = 91.92). …

Infection prevention and control measures for emerging infectious disease: lessons learned from the first case of imported Lassa fever in China.

BACKGROUND: Lassa fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic disease prevalent in West Africa. West China Hospital of Sichuan University (WCHSCU) r … d isolation room, (2) environmental disinfection for high-, medium-, and low-risk areas, (3) 21-day quarantine for contacts. Data were collected via field observations and medical records. RESULTS: We identified 6 close contacts and 74 general contacts, who were subsequently quarantined for 21 days. The hospital environment was classified into high, medium, …

Оптимальная модель контроля для разработки стратегий сокращения распространения вируса Эбола.

В этой работе мы разрабатываем эпидемиологическую модель для изучения распространения вируса Эбола на рассматриваемой территории. Эта модель включает в себя различные меры контроля, такие, как вакцинация, просветительские кампании, кампании по раннему выявлению, усиление санитарных мер в больницах, карантин инфицированных лиц и ограничение передвижения между географическими районами. Используя теорию оптимального контроля, мы разрабатываем оптимальную стратегию контроля, направленную на сокращение числа инфицированных лиц в соответствии с некоторыми оперативными ограничениями (например, эконом

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
In this work, we formulate an epidemiological model for studying the spread of Ebola virus disease in a considered territory. This model includes the effect of various control measures, such as: vaccination, education campaigns, early detection campaigns, increase of sanitary measures in hospital, quarantine of infected individuals and restriction of movemen…

Fish Lice (Argulus japonicus) in Goldfish (Carassius auratus).

Fish lice (Argulus spp; family Argulidae) are branchiuran crustaceans that parasitize both marine and freshwater fishes. Argulus spp can be … emicals including organophosphates and diflubenzuron have been used with success. The screening and quarantine of incoming fish is the best way to avoid a facility-wide Argulus infestation.

Neonatal herpes: what lessons to learn.

Vesicular rashes in neonates are challenging in terms of diagnosis and management. Herpes infection is an important diagnostic consideration. We report two illustrative neonatal cases of herpesvirus infections with vesicular rashes. Such babies may be remarkably asymptomatic. A high index of suspicion leading to a prompt diagnosis, timely quarantine measures, and institution of antiviral treatment are pivotal for desirable outcomes.

Recovery of putative taeniid eggs from silt in water associated with an outbreak of bovine cysticercosis.

Degenerate taeniid-like eggs consistent with Taenia saginata were recovered from sediment in the water supply of a beef feedlot under quarantine for Cysticercus bovis. Nine degenerate eggs in total were recovered from 482 modified flotation assays. Flotation controls of sediment spiked with known numbers of T. saginata eggs had poor egg recoveries, supporting the need for more sensitive assays for environmental samples.

Economic collapse under epidemic-induced lockdowns and its prediction: A coupled dynamics approach.

The sudden outbreak of an epidemic poses a significant challenge to alleviating global poverty. To suppress the epidemic, governments impose restrictions on social and economic activities. While most studies discuss the indirect impact of social restrictions on disease and the economy, the effects of economic restrictions-such as workplace and business closures, workforce capacity limits, international trade and travel restrictions, and supply chain disruptions (collectively called economic lockdown)-exert a harsh impact on the economy, which remains largely overlooked. This study addresses th

Regulating Movement in Pandemic Times.

As COVID-19 and its variants spread across Australia at differing paces and intensity, the country's response to the risk of infection and c … D-19 moment but in previous pandemics of 1918 to 1919 influenza and smallpox, in which practices of quarantine and lockdowns were both unevenly distributed and implemented on multiple scales of social organization. An interdisciplinary approach between history and law reveals that human movement during pandemic times in Australia has been regulated in a mann …

Nonpharmaceutical Measures for Pandemic Influenza in Nonhealthcare Settings-Social Distancing Measures.

Influenza virus infections are believed to spread mostly by close contact in the community. Social distancing measures are essential components of the public health response to influenza pandemics. The objective of these mitigation measures is to reduce transmission, thereby delaying the epidemic peak, reducing the size of the epidemic peak, and spreading cases over a longer time to relieve pressure on the healthcare system. We conducted systematic reviews of the evidence base for effectiveness of multiple mitigation measures: isolating ill persons, contact tracing, quarantining exposed person

Are you ready to carry out smallpox vaccine plans?

New recommendations for smallpox vaccination have addressed key concerns of emergency department (ED) managers. The program would be voluntary. Vaccinated staff would not be quarantined. Fifteen or more ED staff members at each hospital would receive the vaccine as part of a total team of 40 or more, with the exact number varying according to individual needs.

Minimally Symptomatic Infection in an Ebola 'Hotspot': A Cross-Sectional Serosurvey.

INTRODUCTION: Evidence for minimally symptomatic Ebola virus (EBOV) infection is limited. During the 2013-16 outbreak in West Africa, it was not considered epidemiologically relevant to published models or projections of intervention effects. In order to improve our understanding of the transmission dynamics of EBOV in humans, we investigated the occurrence of minimally symptomatic EBOV infection in quarantined contacts of reported Ebola virus disease cases in a recognized 'hotspot.' METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted a cross-sectional serosurvey in Sukudu, Kono District, Sierra Leo…

Infectious disease outcomes of NASA's health stabilization program.

To prevent pre-flight and on-orbit infections, NASA crew participate in a comprehensive Health Stabilization Program (HSP), which includes pre-flight quarantine, vaccination and demonstrated immunity, personal protective equipment, and crew and support personnel training. We aggregated historical spaceflight data to assess the incidence of pre-flight infectious exposures in spaceflight, to determine the effectiveness of HSP protocols, and to characterize risk factors associated with pre-flight exposure resulting in on-orbit illness. Medical and operational records on U.S. spaceflight missions …