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Failure to identify venereal disease in a lesbian population.

Venereal disease in the male homosexual population has been well studied, but little information is available about venereal disease in lesbians. A screening of 148 sexually active lesbians revealed no cases of syphilis, cervical gonorrhea, herpes simplex virus, or Chlamydia trachomatis infections. Cervical atypia, ranging from mild dysplasia to carcinoma in situ, was detected in four women (2.7%). This group of lesbians had a longer mean interval between routine Papanicolau smears (21 months) than did other women using the same clinic facility (eight months). Results indicate that routine scr…

Chlamydial histone homologs control developmental fitness in the next infection cycle.

The unique chlamydial developmental cycle comprises three stages: primary differentiation of infectious elementary bodies (EBs) into reticulate bodies (RBs), RB replication, and secondary differentiation into progeny EBs. Extensive chromosome remodeling during RB-to-EB differentiation is thought to be mediated by the histone homologs HctA and HctB. Here, we used an inducible CRISPR interference system to knock down hctA, hctB, or both genes in Chlamydia trachomatis. Surprisingly, knockdown of either histone gene alone or in combination caused only modest reductions in EB yield and did not prev…

A retrospective evaluation of the Euroarray STI-11 multiplex system for the detection of eight STI causing agents.

With an incidence of more than > 1,000,000/day, sexually transmitted diseases remain a major challenge for health care systems worldwide. To … ine diagnostics, were used as cases and controls in this retrospective study. The EA detected 34/44 Chlamydia trachomatis, 48/50 HSV-1, 50/50 HSV-2, 48/48 Mycoplasma hominis, 45/47 Neisseria gonorrhoeae, 9/11 Treponema pallidum, 46/46 Ureaplasma parvum, and 49/49 Ureaplasma urealyticum infections, respectively. 293 samples were EA positive, with polymicrobial infection …

Математическое моделирование передачи, контроля и ликвидации трахомы.

Всемирная организация здравоохранения поставила перед собой цель ликвидировать к 2020 году ослепляющую трахому. С этой целью Глобальный альянс по ликвидации ослепляющей трахомы (ГЕТ, 2020 год) опирается на четырехкомпонентный подход, известный как стратегия SAFE (С для хирургии трихиазиса; А для лечения антибиотиков; F для чистоты лиц и Е для улучшения состояния окружающей среды). Хорошо продуманные и параметризированные математические модели обеспечивают полезные инструменты, которые могут использоваться при разработке политики и прогнозировании, с тем чтобы помочь контролировать трахому и по

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The World Health Organization has targeted the elimination of blinding trachoma by the year 2020. To this end, the Global Elimination of Bli … ncluded a mechanistic or statistical model of the transmission, dynamics and/or control of (ocular) Chlamydia trachomatis. Insights into the dynamics of trachoma transmission have been generated through both deterministic and stochastic models. A large body of the modelling work conducted to date has shown that, to varying degrees of effectiveness, antibiotic administr …

Introduction of routine polymerase chain reaction testing for Neisseria gonorrhoeae in a community laboratory.

We introduced polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) on the Cobas 4800 CT/NG assay for all samples received with a Chlamdyia trachomatis request in March 2012. From 1 March 2012 to 30 June 2012, all PCR-positive/culture-negative specimens had additional testing at another assay. A total of 40053 tests were performed. The estimated specificity and positive predictive value were 99.9% and 97.1%, respectively; thus routine additional testing is not required.

Antibiotics for trachoma.

BACKGROUND: Trachoma is the world's leading cause of preventable blindness. In 1997 the World Health Organization launched an initiative on trachoma control based on the 'SAFE' strategy (surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness and environmental improvement). OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review is to assess the evidence supporting the antibiotic arm of the SAFE strategy by assessing the effects of antibiotics on both active trachoma (primary objective) and on Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the conjunctiva (secondary objective). SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched The Cochrane Controlled Trials R…

Clamydial antibody in sera of patients with trachoma.

Serum samples were taken in 1987 from 118 patients with trachoma seen in the Department of Opthalmology of the Gonder College of Medical Sciences, Gonder, Ethiopia, patients being staged according to MacCallan (II, III, IV), and classified in categories of different degrees of inflammation according to Dawson et al. Sera were investigated with the microIF test, using Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes A, B, C and partially D as antigens. Healthy Ethiopian students (n = 14), patients with chlamydial urogenital infections (n = 100), salpingitis (n = 47), and D-seronegative individuals (n = 574) ser…

The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in children and adolescents evaluated for sexual abuse in Cincinnati: rationale for limited STD testing in prepubertal girls.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, syphilis, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in sexually abused children and to develop selective criteria for sexually transmitted disease (STD) testing in these children in our community. DESIGN: Prospective. SETTING: University-affiliated children's hospital in Ohio. PARTICIPANTS: All children evaluated at our hospital for sexual abuse were eligible. Eight hundred fifty-five children were evaluated over a 1-year period. The study included 704 girls and 151 boys. Ch…

Trachoma: a review.

Trachoma is a leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. The disease is caused by an intracellular epithelial gram-negative bacterium, Chlamydia trachomatis. The presence of children, overcrowding, and the lack of water in the household are factors that predispose to the transmission of the disease. The disease may remain asymptomatic but some patients many complain of redness, irritation, and ocular discharge. The principal initial clinical manifestation is a follicular conjunctivitis that may lead to conjunctival scarring, entropion, trichiasis, corneal thinning, and ulceration. Some …

Chlamydial genital infection in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A seroepidemiological survey.

A seroepidemiological survey was undertaken in Addis Ababa to assess the prevalence of chlamydial genital infections among patients attending a sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinic and patients with no overt genital symptoms. In the STD clinic patients antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes D to K (genital types) were detected in 68 of 210 (32.4%) men and in 72 of 159 (45.3%) women, a rate of exposure as high or higher than that found in Europe. Serological evidence of active chlamydial infection was present in 26.7% of men and 28.9% of women. Women were at risk of contracting STD…

Antigenic analysis of Chlamydiae by two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis. II. A trachoma-LGV-specific antigen.

Two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis was utilized to study precipitins in hyperimmune rabbit serum made against chlamydiae and from patient … with a specificity for antigen 0.65 were indentified in 15 of 18 sera from patients with diagnosed Chlamydia trachomatis infections LGV, trachoma, nongonococcal urethritis, and nongonococcal cervicitis by using monospecific antiserum to antigen 0.65 in the peak suppression test. Thus, antigen 0.65 appears to be a Trachoma-LGV-specific antigen that has considerable pro …

Testing the Adaptive Sterilization Hypothesis in Mice Inoculated with Chlamydia muridarum.

The "adaptive sterilization hypothesis" argues that the tendency of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) to cause infertility likely reflects an evolutionary adaptation of these pathogens. For example, some STIs can lead to bilateral occlusions of the oviducts and sterile matings. Cycling females that do not spend time gestating and lactating are ready to mate sooner than fertile females, and therefore, likely to mate more frequently and possibly more promiscuously. These sexual activities are associated with enhanced transmissibility of STIs, and tubal occlusion is a proximate mechanism by

Should Mycoplasma penetrans be considered a pathogen in anal specimens from men who have sex with men?

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to assess the prevalence of Mycoplasma penetrans in anal samples collected from men who have sex with men (MSM) undergoing screening for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and to identify factors associated with the presence of M. penetrans. METHODS: From July to November 2022, all anal specimens from MSM submitted for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae detection as part of routine care were prospectively collected. M. penetrans was detected using a real-time PCR. Demographic, clinical, and biological data were obtained from the patients' medic…

Molecular epidemiology of bacterial vaginosis and its association with genital micro-organisms in asymptomatic women.

Introduction. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is dysbiosis associated with an increased risk of several sexually transmitted infections. It is prim … at an outpatient clinic in Tabasco, Mexico.Results. Women with BV showed an increased prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis (P=0.021) and Mycoplasma hominis (P=0.001). Of the BV-associated micro-organisms, Gardnerella vaginalis was significantly associated with C. trachomatis (P=0.005) and/or Ureaplasma parvum (P=0.003), whereas Atopobium vaginae and Megasphaera type 1 c …

The effect of tetracycline treatment on chlamydial salpingitis and subsequent fertility in the mouse.

The effect of tetracycline X HCl, administered for 14 days starting before or after intraovarian bursa inoculation of the mouse pneumonitis biovar of Chlamydia trachomatis, was examined in mice. Mice that received no antibiotic developed acute salpingitis and subsequent hydrosalpinx. Only one of ten mated mice at 42-51 days after inoculation showed a normal, bilateral pregnancy. Initiation of tetracycline treatment two days prior to inoculation completely prevented the pathology associated with tubal chlamydial infection and fertility was as high (eight of ten) as in mice inoculated with steri…

Parachlamydia acanthamoebae: disease-causing pathogen or opportunistic bystander?

Introduction. Parachlamydia acanthamoebae is an obligate intracellular bacterium related to disease-causing bacteria like Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia pneumoniae and is thus classified within the Chlamydiales order. Parachlamydia was initially discovered within an Acanthamoeba strain isolated from water in a humidifier during an investigation of an outbreak of respiratory infections in humans.Gap Statement. The disease-causing potential of this bacterium is not fully understood, but Parachlamydia has been associated with bronchiolitis, bronchitis, aspiration pneumonia and community-acqu…

Crossing the border - Solute entry into the chlamydial inclusion.

Chlamydiales comprise important human and animal pathogens as well as endosymbionts of amoebae. Generally, these obligate intracellular livi … eome studies and targeting analyses identified chlamydial and host solute carriers in inclusions of Chlamydia trachomatis infected cells. These transporters are involved in the provision of UDP-glucose and biotin, and probably deliver further metabolites to the inclusion. By the controlled recruitment of specific solute carriers to the inclusion, the chlamydial residen …

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) disrupts particle transport, cilia function and sperm motility in an ex vivo oviduct model.

The oviduct functions in the transportation of gametes to the site of fertilization (the ampulla) and is the site of early embryonic develop … following exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a constituent of the sexually transmitted pathogens Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia abortus, was investigated. Three complementary experiments were performed to analyse; (1) bound sperm motility and cilia function (2) transport velocity in the oviduct and (3) the expression of genes related to immune function and infl …