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Высокочувствительное и выборочное непосредственное обнаружение микровирусных частиц в организме человека для точного раннего диагностирования инфекции.

Вирус Зика (ZIKV) — арбовирус, вызывающий широкую панику начиная с 2015 года на северо-востоке Бразилии из-за угрожающей связи между инфекцией и аномалиями плода, такими, как микроцефалия, спонтанные аборты и мертворождения. С начала эпидемии этот вирус был дополнительно изучен, что свидетельствует о том, что долговременная опасность заражения ZIKV выходит за рамки неврологического расстройства плода. Характеристика активной инфекции оказалась трудной, поскольку симптомами являются лишь 20% инфицированных лиц. Кроме того, ZIKV часто неправильно диагностируется из-за серологической поперечной р

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus that caused widespread panic beginning in 2015 in northeastern Brazil due to the threatening link between … is often misdiagnosed due to serological cross-reactivity with similar flaviviruses such as dengue, yellow fever, and West Nile. To date, there is no approved vaccine or therapy against ZIKV, highlighting the urgent need to accurately identify active infection to help minimize the spread of the virus. Herein, we describe a highly specific and sensitive enzyme- …

Assessment of the knowledge of fathers, uptake of routine immunization, and its associated factors in a rural community of North West Nigeria.

INTRODUCTION: Father's involvement is essential for the successful immunization of the child, as man is the head of the family and he takes … ignificance was set at 5%. RESULTS: Only 2.5% and 1.4% of the respondents knew the age measles and yellow fever vaccines were given, respectively. Majority (75.4%) of the respondents' last-born child did not receive bacillus Calmette-Guérin at birth. Only (7.6%) of their last-born child were completely immunized for age. Majority of the respondents that had p …

A Novel Methodology For Recording Wing Beat Frequencies of Untethered Male and Female Aedes aegypti.

Aedes aegypti is a vector of many significant arboviruses worldwide, including dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever viruses. With vector control methodology pivoting toward rearing and releasing large numbers of insects for either population suppression or virus-blocking, economical remote (sentinel) surveillance methods for release tracking become increasingly necessary. Recent steps in this direction include advances in optical sensors that identify and classify insects based on their wing beat frequency (WBF). As these traps are being developed, there is a strong need to better under…

Crystal structures of angiotensin-converting enzyme from Anopheles gambiae in its native form and with a bound inhibitor.

The mosquitoes of the Anopheles and Aedes genus are some of the most deadly insects to humans because of their effectiveness as vectors of malaria and a range of arboviruses, including yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya, West Nile and Zika. The use of insecticides from different chemical classes is a key component of the integrated strategy against An. gambiae and Ae. aegypti, but the problem of insecticide resistance means that new compounds with different modes of action are urgently needed to replace chemicals that fail to control resistant mosquito populations. We have previously shown that…

CO2 per se activates carbon dioxide receptors.

Carbon dioxide has been used in traps for more than six decades to monitor mosquito populations and help make informed vector management dec … n is markedly less sensitive than the GR2/GR3 combination was also observed with orthologs from the yellow fever and the malaria mosquito. By comparing responses of CquiGR2/CquiGR3-coexpressing oocytes to sodium bicarbonate samples (with or without acidification) and measuring the concentration of aqueous CO2, we showed that there is a direct correlation betwe …

Molecular characteristics and replication mechanism of dengue, zika and chikungunya arboviruses, and their treatments with natural extracts from plants: An updated review.

Viruses transmitted by arthropods (arboviruses) are the etiological agents of several human diseases with worldwide distribution; including dengue (DENV), zika (ZIKV), yellow fever (YFV), and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses. These viruses are especially important in tropical and subtropical regions; where, ZIKV and CHIKV are involved in epidemics worldwide, while the DENV remains as the biggest problem in public health. Factors, such as, environmental conditions promote the distribution of vectors, deficiencies in health services, and lack of effective vaccines, guarantee the presence of these vec…

Molecular characterization of viruses associated with encephalitis in São Paulo, Brazil.

The objective of this study was to characterize the prevalence of viral encephalitis due to arbovirus infection of the Togaviridae and Flavi … 66 samples comprised Group 2. All samples were tested for Flaviviruses (dengue virus 1, 2, 3 and 4, yellow fever virus and West Nile virus), Alphavirus (NS5 region) and enterovirus by RT- PCR and for herpesviruses and enteroviruses using CLART-Entherpex. A presumptive viral etiological agent was detected in 26 samples (5.2%), 18 (8.0%) in Group 1 and 8 (3.0%) …

Identification of Protective CD8 T Cell Responses in a Mouse Model of Zika Virus Infection.

Many flaviviruses including dengue (DENV), and Zika (ZIKV) have attracted significant attention in the past few years. As many flaviviruses are spread by arthropods, most of the world's population is at risk of encountering a flavivirus, and infection with these viruses has created a significant disease burden worldwide. Vaccination against flaviviruses is thought to be one of the most promising avenues for reducing the disease burden associated with these viruses. The optimism surrounding a vaccine approach is supported by the highly successful vaccines for yellow fever and Japanese encephali…

Retrospective study of canine infectious haemolytic anaemia cases reveals the importance of molecular investigation in accurate postmortal diagnostic protocols.

Infectious haemolytic anaemia (IHA) in dogs share similar clinical signs including fever, lethargy, icterus, paleness of mucous membranes and splenomegaly. Postmortal findings are similar and, without additional diagnostic methods, an accurate aetiological diagnosis is difficult to achieve. In order to investigate causes of lethal IHA in Croatian dogs, we performed a retrospective study on archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks (FFPEB) from dogs that died due to haemolytic crisis, using microscopic and molecular diagnostic tools to determine the aetiological cause of disease.

Safe Travel Preparation for HIV-Infected Patients.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Infectious diseases are a risk when traveling internationally, and it is important to know the potential disease burden o … lso review recent studies to update these recommendations. RECENT FINDINGS: The recommendation for yellow fever vaccine has changed in June of 2016, and it is now a once in a lifetime vaccine instead of being given every 10 years. A new cholera vaccine, Vaxchora™ was approved in 2016. Since it is a live vaccine, its impact on immunocompromised individuals is …

A Simple Flow Cytometry Based Assay to Determine In Vitro Antibody Dependent Enhancement of Dengue Virus Using Zika Virus Convalescent Serum.

Antibody dependent enhancement of infection has been shown to play a major role in Dengue viral pathogenesis. Traditional assays that measur … sily adapted to examine antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) of other flavivirus infections such as Yellow Fever virus (YFV), Japanese Equine Encephalitis virus (JEEV), West Nile virus (WNV) etc. where RVPs are available. The ease of setting up the assay, analyzing the data, and interpreting results makes it highly amenable to most laboratory settings.

A rare case of endobronchial mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the lung presenting as non-resolving pneumonia.

BACKGROUND: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common malignant salivary gland tumor, and MECs of the lung are rare, accounting for 0.1-0.2% of malignant lung tumors. Pulmonary MECs are commonly found in the segmental or lobar bronchi, rarely presenting as endobronchial lesions. CASE PRESENTATION: Here we describe the case of a 21-year-old female with no comorbid conditions who presented at the emergency room with a cough, yellow phlegm, pleuritic chest pain, and a subjective fever. These symptoms had been present for approximately one week prior to the patient's arrival at the hospit

A highly multiplexed broad pathogen detection assay for infectious disease diagnostics.

Rapid pathogen identification during an acute febrile illness is a critical first step for providing appropriate clinical care and patient i … ng the medically important Ebola virus, Lassa virus, dengue virus serotypes 1-4, Chikungunya virus, yellow fever virus, and Plasmodium falciparum. Overall, this assay could improve infectious disease diagnostics and biosurveillance efforts as a quick, highly multiplexed, and easy to use pathogen screening tool.

Subverting the mechanisms of cell death: flavivirus manipulation of host cell responses to infection.

Viruses exploit host metabolic and defence machinery for their own replication. The flaviviruses, which include Dengue (DENV), Yellow Fever (YFV), Japanese Encephalitis (JEV), West Nile (WNV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses, infect a broad range of hosts, cells and tissues. Flaviviruses are largely transmitted by mosquito bites and humans are usually incidental, dead-end hosts, with the notable exceptions of YFV, DENV and ZIKV. Infection by flaviviruses elicits cellular responses including cell death via necrosis, pyroptosis (involving inflammation) or apoptosis (which avoids inflammation). Flavivirus…

Cryptococcus gattii molecular type VGII infection associated with lung disease in a goat.

BACKGROUND: Cryptococcus gattii-induced cryptococcosis is an emerging infectious disease of humans and animals with worldwide distribution and public health importance due to its significant morbidity and mortality rate. The present study aimed to report a case of pulmonary infection by C. gattii molecular type VGII in State of São Paulo, Brazil. CASE PRESENTATION: A 5-year-old goat showing intermittent dry cough, ruminal tympany, anorexia, fever, tachycardia and tachypnea was presented for necropsy at the Veterinary Hospital of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, São Paulo

Antibody Responses to Zika Virus Infections in Environments of Flavivirus Endemicity.

Zika virus (ZIKV) infections occur in areas where dengue virus (DENV), West Nile virus (WNV), yellow fever virus (YFV), and other viruses of the genus Flavivirus cocirculate. The envelope (E) proteins of these closely related flaviviruses induce specific long-term immunity, yet subsequent infections are associated with cross-reactive antibody responses that may enhance disease susceptibility and severity. To gain a better understanding of ZIKV infections against a background of similar viral diseases, we examined serological immune responses to ZIKV, WNV, DENV, and YFV infections of humans and…

Conditions for success of engineered underdominance gene drive systems.

Engineered underdominance is one of a number of different gene drive strategies that have been proposed for the genetic control of insect ve … vectors of dengue viruses. However, results are also applicable to Ae. aegypti as vectors of Zika, yellow fever and chikungunya viruses and also to the control of a number of other insect species and thereby of insect-vectored pathogens.

Fat Body Organ Culture System in Aedes Aegypti, a Vector of Zika Virus.

The insect fat body plays a central role in insect metabolism and nutrient storage, mirroring functions of the liver and fat tissue in verte … ple experiment, we demonstrate the protocol through the excision and culture of fat bodies from the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, a principal vector of arboviruses including dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. RNA from fat bodies cultured under a physiological condition known to upregulate yolk proteins versus the control were subject to RNA-Seq analysis to …

Systematic Review: Land Cover, Meteorological, and Socioeconomic Determinants of Aedes Mosquito Habitat for Risk Mapping.

Asian tiger and yellow fever mosquitoes (Aedes albopictus and Ae. aegypti) are global nuisances and are competent vectors for viruses such as Chikungunya (CHIKV), Dengue (DV), and Zika (ZIKV). This review aims to analyze available spatiotemporal distribution models of Aedes mosquitoes and their influential factors. A combination of five sets of 3-5 keywords were used to retrieve all relevant published models. Five electronic search databases were used: PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar through 17 May 2017. We generated a hierarchical decision tree for article selection. We id…

Robust real-time cell analysis method for determining viral infectious titers during development of a viral vaccine production process.

The classical cell-culture methods, such as cell culture infectious dose 50% (CCID50) assays, are time-consuming, end-point assays currently … s from CCID50 and RTCA assays and compared time and costs using monovalent and tetravalent chimeric yellow fever dengue (CYD) vaccine strains. For the RTCA assay, Vero cells were infected with the CYD sample and real-time impedance was recorded, using the dimensionless cell index (CI). The CI peaked just after infection and decreased as the viral cytopathic ef …