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HTLV-I infection and neurological disease in Rio de Janeiro.

Fifty patients with chronic neurological diseases attending a clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were examined for evidence of HTLV-I infection. Fifteen of 27 with progressive paraparesis of obscure origin had antibodies to HTLV-I in high titre in their serum samples, and 10 of 13 studied had antibodies in their cerebrospinal fluid. The clinical features of the antibody positive patients were similar to those of patients with HTLV-I associated myelopathy from other countries except that half of the Brazilian patients were white. Seven patients had multiple sclerosis and one of these had antibod…

Association Between Multiple Sclerosis Severity and Functional Variants in Key Antioxidant Defense and Ferroptosis-Related Genes.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory neurodegenerative disease. Oxidative stress and ferroptosis are implicated in MS pathology, contributing to both inflammation and neurodegeneration. Potentially functional variants in genes related to antioxidant defense and ferroptosis were chosen through an extensive selection process to investigate their possible association with the progressive form of MS. The study included 845 MS patients (604 relapsing-remitting (RRMS) and 241 progressive (PMS)). The selected gene variants-GCLC rs572496, GCLM rs2273406, GPX4 rs713041, NQO1 …

Erythrocyte Fragility in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Aberrant iron homeostasis is increasingly recognized as a key pathological feature in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Although the source of excess brain iron remains unclear, haemoglobin is one possible source. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a case-control study to determine whether erythrocytes are more fragile in people with progressive MS (PwPMS) and examined associations between erythrocyte fragility and brain atrophy. METHODS: PwPMS and control individuals were recruited from two centres. Two measures of erythrocyte fragility were assessed at baseline: the Median…

Исполнительная дисфункция и инвалидность в СМПС: прогнозируемая ценность лобовой аккумуляторной батареи в коорте UCLH MS-STAT2.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Когнитивное нарушение характерно для вторичного прогрессивного множественного склероза (СПМС), при этом непропорционально большая дисфункция органов исполнительной власти. Батарея для лобовой оценки (FAB) представляет собой испытание на боковую оболочку, в ходе которого проводится оценка исполнительной функции. В этом исследовании рассматривается вопрос о распределении оценок ВСБ в большой группе СМПС и их ассоциациях с инвалидностью. МЕТОДЫ: Данные были проанализированы 294 участниками когнитивного подисследования в рамках исследования MS-STAT2 (NCT03387670). С помощью обобщенных ли

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Cognitive impairment is common in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), with executive dysfunction disproportionately so. The frontal assessment battery (FAB) is a bedside test assessing executive function. This study explores the distribution of FAB scores in a large SPMS cohort and their associations with disability. METHODS: Data…

Overexpression of the ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20 in the brain lesions of Multiple Sclerosis patients: moving from systemic to central nervous system inflammation.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in which inflammation plays a key pathological role. Recent evidences showed that systemic inflammation induces increasing cell infiltration within meninges and perivascular spaces in the brain parenchyma, triggering resident microglial and astrocytic activation. The anti-inflammatory enzyme A20, also named TNF associated protein 3 (TNFAIP3), is considered a central gatekeeper in inflammation and peripheral immune system regulation through the inhibition of NF-kB. The TNFAIP3 locus is genetically ass…

Количественное картирование повреждений парамагнитного обода при раннем множественном склерозе: перекрестное исследование возраста мозга и инвалидности.

ЦЕЛЬ: Хроническое воспаление при множественном склерозе связано с нейродегенерацией и постепенным функциональным спадом. Количественное картирование восприимчивости (QSM) — это метод МРТ, который визуализирует повреждения парамагнитного обода (PRLs), указывающие на хроническое воспаление. В этом перекрестном исследовании мы изучали распространенность ПБД в множестве склерозов и оценивали их связи с клинической инвалидностью, магнитной уязвимостью тканей и прогнозами возраста мозга.МЕТОДЫ: Все участники исследования NOR-MS с 3T MRI T1 взвешенным экспресс-градиентным эхом и QSM были включены (n

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVE: Chronic inflammation in multiple sclerosis is associated with neurodegeneration and progressive functional decline. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is an MRI technique that visualizes paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), which are indicative of chronic inflammation. In this cross-sectional study, we explored the prevalence of PRLs in multipl…

Adaptive robot training for the treatment of incoordination in Multiple Sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Cerebellar symptoms are extremely disabling and are common in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) subjects. In this feasibility study, we developed and tested a robot therapy protocol, aimed at the rehabilitation of incoordination in MS subjects. METHODS: Eight subjects with clinically defined MS performed planar reaching movements while grasping the handle of a robotic manipulandum, which generated forces that either reduced (error-reducing, ER) or enhanced (error-enhancing, EE) the curvature of their movements, assessed at the beginning of each session. The protocol was designed to adapt to…

Multimodality-evoked potential study of anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive and -negative multiple sclerosis patients.

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is claimed to be a distinct disease entity from multiple sclerosis (MS) because of its strong association with NMO-IgG/anti-AQP4 antibody; however, the in vivo role of the antibody remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to clarify whether the presence of anti-AQP4 antibody is associated with any abnormalities in multimodality-evoked potentials in 111 patients with relapsing-remitting or relapsing-progressive MS, including the opticospinal form of MS, 18 of whom were seropositive for anti-AQP4 antibody. More patients with anti-AQP4 antibody showed a lack of the P100 com…

[An autopsy case of primary progressive multiple sclerosis with minimal acute inflammation and remyelination over an 11-year course].

A 32-year-old man presented with the symptoms of a floating sensation, weakness on the right side of the body, and tremor of the right hand. Head MRI was performed, and T2-weighted images showed high-signal lesions around the lateral ventricles, subcortical white matter, and dorsal medulla oblongata. Moreover, MRI of the cervical spine showed multiple high-signal lesions without contrast enhancement. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) and was treated with steroid pulse therapy, plasma exchange, and oral fingolimod. However, the…

Efficacy of natalizumab in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: analysis of two phase III trials.

BACKGROUND: The ASCEND trial did not find benefit of natalizumab during secondary progressive multiple sclerosis compared with placebo; however, its open-label extension suggests this may be obscured by therapeutic lag.We aimed to compare the efficacy of natalizumab and interferon β-1a in slowing disease progression in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis after accounting for therapeutic lag. METHODS: We analysed pooled data from the ASCEND (natalizumab vs placebo) and SPECTRIMS (interferon β-1a vs placebo) trials. Cumulative hazards of 6-month confirmed disability progression during seco…

Siponimod from fingolimod direct switch in patients transitioning in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: A single center case series.

INTRODUCTION: The transition from fingolimod (FIN) to siponimod (SIP) for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) treatment in the occurrence of Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (SPMS) diagnosis has increasingly attracted considerable interest in the recent literature. METHODS: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a direct switch from FIN to SIP in nine MS patients who had switched directly from FIN to SIP due to SPMS diagnosis at the Multiple Sclerosis Center of the University Hospital Policlinico of Bari. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Real-world results from our cohort demonstrated that the direct sw…

Immunopathology of secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis.

Twenty-three plaques obtained at early autopsy from 2 patients with secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis were examined immunohistochemically for microglia/macrophages, and for immunoglobulins and components of activated complement. Most of the lesions examined in both cases exhibited evidence of low-grade active demyelination of an unusual type (frustrated phagocytosis) in periplaque white matter. This included linear groups of microglia engaging short segments of disrupted myelin that were associated with deposits of C3d, an opsonin formed during complement activation. Similar microglia/C…

The role of lipocalin-2 in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Lipocalins are a family of secreted adipokines which play important roles in various biological processes. Lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) has been shown to be involved in acute and chronic inflammation. This particular protein is critical in the pathogenesis of several diseases including cancer, diabetes, obesity, and multiple sclerosis. Herein, we discuss the general molecular basis for the involvement of LCN-2 in acute infections and chronic disease progression and also ascertain the probable role of LCN-2 in ocular diseases, particularly in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We elaborate on the s…

Cholesterol Dysregulation in Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for Pathogenesis and Opportunities for Monitoring and Treating Progressive Disease

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterised by demyelination, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration that contributes to a progressively worsening condition over time. Ongoing, chronic demyelination is an important hallmark of MS pathobiology; however the underlying drivers of progression have not been fully elucidated. Microglia mediate demyelination and contribute to continued lesion expansion.Phagocytosis and processing of myelin by microglia and macrophages results in the release of myelin-lipids – including cholesterol, and dysregulation of cholesterol homeostasis may drive a damaging micro…

Resolution of longstanding symptoms of multiple sclerosis by application of picoTesla range magnetic fields.

Recent clinical reports have suggested that treatment with extremely weak magnetic fields (MF) in the picoTesla range is an efficacious modality for the symptomatic therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) during the remission and exacerbation periods of the disease. The present communication concerns a 64 year old woman with a 22 year history of MS of the chronic-progressive type who presented with a longstanding history of ataxia of gait, weakness in the legs, difficulties with swallowing, loss of bladder control, blurred vision, diplopia, chronic fatigue, and cognitive impairment. I…

Torque teno virus (TTV) in multiple sclerosis patients with different patterns of disease.

Torque teno virus (TTV) is highly prevalent in the general population worldwide. The relationship that TTV establishes with the central nervous system (CNS) of infected hosts is not clear but it is suspected that TTV infection of the CNS lead to increased local expression of inflammatory mediators that may play a role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The prevalence and load of TTV in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 207 MS patients and 93 age- and sex-matched healthy controls by qPCR designed on the untranslated region were analyzed. TTV DNA was not detected in CSF, TTV pr…

Многофакторный характер принятия репродуктивных решений женщинами с множественным склерозом.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Множественный склероз (МС) является хроническим неврологическим заболеванием, которое часто затрагивает женщин в их репродуктивном возрасте и может влиять на намерения в отношении фертильности и решения в области планирования семьи. Цель этого исследования заключалась в выявлении факторов, связанных с репродуктивным выбором женщин с НР, и в изучении роли психологических, социальных и связанных с болезнями переменных в процессе принятия решений о рождаемости. МЕТОДЫ: В период с августа в Греции было проведено перекрестное исследование. 2023 и декабрь 2024, включая 103 Женщины в возрас

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that frequently affects women during their reproductive years and may influence fertility intentions and family planning decisions. This study aimed to identify factors associated with reproductive choices among women with MS and to examine the role of psychological, social, and disease-…

Safety and feasibility of intravenous fresh adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: phase I/IIa clinical results.

OBJECTIVE: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold substantial promise in regenerative medicine owing to their immunomodulatory, neuroregenerative, and self-renewal properties. Adipose tissue (AT) serves as an optimal MSC source due to its high yield and rapid proliferation. This study evaluated the safety and exploratory clinical effects of non-cryopreserved, culture-expanded autologous AT-MSCs in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). METHODS: High-dose fresh autologous AT-MSCs (4.4 × 106 ± 1.7 × 106 cells) were intravenously administered to 10 female patients with SPMS (…

Ускоренная клеточная сенсация в прогрессивном многоразовом склерозе: гистопатологическое исследование.

ЦЕЛЬ: Неверодегенеративные процессы, приводящие к росту инвалидности при прогрессивном множественном склерозе (P-MS), не были в полной мере разъяснены. Последние данные увязывают клеточную сенсацию (CS) с нейродегенерацией. Мы расследовали доказательства CS в P-MS и пытались определить их структуру. Мы использовали 53BP1, p16 и липофускин в качестве маркеров CS при повреждениях белого материала (WML), обычном виде белого вещества (NAWM), обычном виде кортикального серого вещества (NAGM), контроле белого вещества (CWM) и контроле серого вещества (CGM) при вскрытии материала пациента с P-MS и зд

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVE: The neurodegenerative processes driving the build-up of disability in progressive multiple sclerosis (P-MS) have not been fully elucidated. Recent data link cellular senescence (CS) to neurodegeneration. We investigated for evidence of CS in P-MS and sought to determine its pattern. METHODS: We used 53BP1, p16, and lipofuscin as markers of CS in …