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Diagnostic Accuracy of Dual-Energy Computed Tomography for Bowel Necrosis in Acute Abdomen With Bowel Ischemia.

Introduction Immediate diagnosis of bowel necrosis in acute abdominal conditions is essential for proper treatment. Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has recently emerged as a tool to assess intestinal viability in bowel ischemia. However, DECT's diagnostic accuracy for bowel necrosis in clinical practice remains undefined. Methods This single-center retrospective cohort study at a Japanese tertiary care hospital assessed DECT's diagnostic accuracy for bowel necrosis. We included patients who underwent emergency operations for abdominal conditions with bowel ischemia from April 2013 to Ma…

The value of skin testing with tumor necrosis factor-inhibitors in patients with local and systemic hypersensitivity reactions.

Background: Hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) to tumor necrosis factor α inhibitors (TNFi) can occur but data about skin testing in such reactions are limited. Objective: To evaluate skin testing in patients with HSRs to TNFi. Methods: A detailed review of demographics and clinical characteristics, features of index reactions, results of skin tests, and outcomes of desensitization protocols were obtained. Results: The cohort comprised 64 patients (women/men: 41/23). Treatment distribution included etanercept (n = 50 [78.1%]), adalimumab (n = 11 [17.2%]), and infliximab (n = 3 [4.7%]). HSRs were…

The role of radiological imaging in the diagnosis of bilateral renal cortical necrosis: Case report and literature review.

Renal cortical necrosis is the destruction of the cortical tissue resulting from renal arteriolar injury, leading to acute kidney injury. This rare condition typically manifests in neonates and pregnant or postpartum women when sepsis or pregnancy-related complications occur. Symptoms include macroscopic hematuria, flank pain, reduced urine output, fever, and the onset of uremic symptoms. We present a 38-year-old multiparous patient with no significant medical history, admitted for vaginal delivery at 37 weeks, complicated by pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, retroplacental hematoma, a…

Global trends and hotspots of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in pulmonary tuberculosis: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.

BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) plays a dual role in pulmonary tuberculosis, mediating protective immune responses while also contributing to pathological tissue damage. This dichotomy has attracted considerable research interest in recent years. Nevertheless, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis in this specific field remains lacking. The present study aims to fill this gap by examining global research trends and identifying emerging hotspots related to TNF-α in pulmonary tuberculosis through bibliometric methods. METHODS: Relevant literature published between 1990 and 2024 …

Avascular Necrosis of the Tibial Plafond and Talus After Intra-articular Corticosteroid Injection: A Case Report.

A 61-year-old female presented 13 months after a fall down three stairs on September 14, 2021. Her chief complaint consisted of anterior and … t was taken in April of 2022, two months after her second steroid injection, demonstrated avascular necrosis (AVN) of the talus and tibial plafond. In an effort to decrease her symptoms associated with impingement syndrome, arthroscopic debridement focusing on the removal of scar tissue and synovitis was performed. It was decided to observe the areas of av …

Avascular Necrosis of the Metacarpal Head in Skeletally Immature Patients Treated with Osteochondral Autograft Transfer System.

Avascular necrosis of the metacarpal head, or Dietrich's disease, is a rare entity with approximately 40 reported cases in the literature since the original description. No consensus exists on optimal treatment. The purpose of this case series is to report the presentation and outcome of avascular necrosis (AVN) of the metacarpal head in skeletally immature patients treated with osteochondral autograft system. The authors prospectively assessed two male skeletally immature patients and three metacarpal heads who underwent osteochondral autograft transfer systems (OATS) from the ipsilateral kne…

Risk factors for avascular necrosis in pediatric femoral neck fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a severe complication following pediatric femoral neck fractures (PFNFs). Identifying risk factors for AVN is critical for guiding timely treatment and follow-up. However, prior studies report inconsistent associations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify risk factors associated with AVN after PFNFs. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library through April 30, 2025. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the associati…

Efficacy of stem cell therapy for avascular necrosis of the femoral head: A systematic review and Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a debilitating orthopaedic condition primarily affecting younger adults, often progressing to femoral head collapse and total hip replacement (THR). Stem cell therapy (SCT) has emerged as a regenerative option to delay disease progression and preserve joint function. This study aimed to evaluate efficacy of SCT, alone or in combination with mechanical support or bone grafting, in improving clinical outcomes in ONFH. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted up to November-2024. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing SCT with s…

Acute Septic Epididymitis of the Spermatic Cord Leading to Ischemic Necrosis of the Testis in an Adolescent: A Case Report.

Acute epididymal septic inflammation is a common scrotal emergency among adolescents. Nevertheless, cases of testicular ischemia and necrosis are still rare. We report a rare case of testicular ischemic necrosis caused by inflammation in a 16-year-old male youth. Four ultrasound examinations were carried out throughout this period. This article also provides a concise literature review on testicular ischemic necrosis induced by acute epididymo-orchitis. The case emphasizes the clinical manifestations, ultrasonographic findings, histopathological characteristics, and treatment approaches.

Avascular necrosis as an uncommon manifestation in glycogen storage disease type III: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Glycogen storage disease type III (GSD III), or Cori disease, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by a debranching enzyme deficiency, leading to abnormal glycogen accumulation. Clinical features include hepatomegaly, hypoglycemia, myopathy, and cardiomyopathy. Avascular necrosis (AVN), the death of bone tissue due to poor blood supply, is an uncommon but severe complication of GSD III. This report discusses a 19-year-old female with a known diagnosis of GSD III who developed AVN, presenting with chronic right hip pain, muscle weakness, and hypoglycemic seizures. Diagnostic challenges…

Revisiting the Pathology of Bullous Pemphigoid: Basal Cell Necrosis as a Diagnostic Clue and Its Pathogenic Role.

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering disease caused by autoantibodies against the hemidesmosomal proteins BP180 and BP230. Although the histopathological features of BP are well documented, basal cell necrosis (BCN) in the blister roof has not been systematically studied. We retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathological findings of BP cases to assess the prevalence and extent of BCN and to explore its underlying mechanisms. Forty-one BP cases diagnosed between 2011 and 2017 were analyzed, with 35 cases of other subepidermal blistering disorders serving as controls. BCN was id…

Intestinal necrosis due to nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia in a child with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia: a case report.

BACKGROUND MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE: is a pathogen that causes community-acquired pneumonia in children, and it is often accompanied by various extrapulmonary complications. While intestinal necrosis is relatively rare among these extrapulmonary manifestations, they can be severe and life threatening. CASE PRESENTATION: We present an uncommon extrapulmonary complication of intestinal necrosis caused by nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) in a six-year-old child with M. pneumoniae pneumonia. Although the patient exhibited segmental embolism in their pulmonary artery and right atrial appendage,…

A Case Report of Severe Mastitis Leading to Breast Necrosis and Toxic Shock Syndrome during the Puerperium.

Postpartum mastitis is common, but immunological changes specific to the postpartum period can exacerbate the inflammation. We report a case of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-associated mastitis that rapidly progressed, leading to breast necrosis and symptoms resembling toxic shock syndrome. Postpartum mastitis can result in severe symptoms, so early detection and intervention are important.

Tuberculosis screening in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa on tumour necrosis factor inhibitors: a retrospective chart review.

Patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) treated with tumour necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors are at an increased risk for tuberculosis (TB) reactivation, necessitating baseline latent TB infection (LTBI) screening. However, evidence regarding the value of periodic LTBI screening in this population is limited. In this single-centre retrospective chart review, we investigated the LTBI rate in patients with HS treated with the TNF inhibitors adalimumab or infliximab. The cohort included 92 patients with a median treatment duration of 30 months (range 3-175) and a median interferon-gamma relea…

Двусторонний острый некроз сетчатки после того, как atumumumab маскируется как промежуточный увеит у пациента с множественным склерозом.

ЦЕЛЬ: Сообщать об уникальном случае двухстороннего острого некроза сетчатки (ARN), связанного с атумумабами, использовать маскарад в качестве промежуточного увеита у пациента с множественным склерозом. НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ: 47-летняя женщина с множественным склерозом была переведена в Артумумаб (Арзерра/Кесимпта, Новартис, Кембридж, Ма, США) в целях совершенствования системного контроля за ее болезнью. Два месяца спустя она разработала поплавки с скотомой в правом глазу. Сначала у нее был диагностирован промежуточный увейт до предполагаемой вспышки множественных склерозов. Однако ее симптомы ухудшились,

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
PURPOSE: To report an unique case of bilateral acute retinal necrosis (ARN) associated with ofatumumab use masquerading as intermediate uveitis in a patient with multiple sclerosis. OBSERVATION: A 47-year-old female with multiple sclerosis was transitioned to ofatumumab (Arzerra/Kesimpta, Novartis, Cambridge, MA, USA) for better systemic control of her dise…

Hyperspectral imaging combined with blood oxygen saturation for in vivo analysis of small intestinal necrosis tissue.

Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a clinically significant vascular and gastrointestinal condition, which is closely related to the blood supply of the small intestine. Unfortunately, it is still challenging to properly discriminate small intestinal tissues with different degrees of ischemia. In this study, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) was used to construct pseudo-color images of oxygen saturation about small intestinal tissues and to discriminate different degrees of ischemia. First, several small intestine tissue models of New Zealand white rabbits were prepared and collected their hyperspec

The TRIM28/miR133a/CD47 axis acts as a potential therapeutic target in pancreatic necrosis by impairing efferocytosis.

Efferocytosis, the clearance of apoptotic cells by macrophages, plays a crucial role in inflammatory responses and effectively prevents secondary necrosis. However, the mechanisms underlying efferocytosis in acute pancreatitis (AP) remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated the presence of efferocytosis in injured human and mouse pancreatic tissues. We also observed significant upregulation of CD47, an efferocytosis-related the "do not eat me" molecule in injured acinar cells. Subsequently, we used CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, anti-adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene modification, and anti-CD47…

Evolving Endoscopic Approaches to Pancreatic Pseudocysts and Walled-Off Necrosis: Case Series and Review of Evidence.

Imaging followed by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided therapy has become the preferred modality for treating pancreatic pseudocysts over su … al to improve outcomes in patients with extrinsic biliary obstruction by pseudocysts and walled-off necrosis.

A Case of Ramucirumab for Radiation Necrosis Following Stereotactic Radiotherapy for Brain Metastases From Lung Cancer.

It is well known that bevacizumab is effective against radiation necrosis in the brain (hereafter referred to as brain necrosis). Herein, we report a case of brain necrosis in a patient treated with a regimen that included ramucirumab, an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor. A woman in her 40s presented with five brain metastases from lung adenocarcinoma at the initial diagnosis. Each metastasis was treated with stereotactic radiotherapy. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging showed increased oedema surrounding the lesion in the left frontal lobe, leading to a diagnosis of…