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Mpox due to monkeypox virus clade Ia infection detected outside of Africa: a case study.

BACKGROUND: Monkeypox virus clade Ia has historically been restricted to central Africa and primarily associated with zoonotic transmission. In February 2025, a symptomatic adult with recent travel to the Democratic Republic of the Congo presented to a tertiary care facility in Ireland and was subsequently diagnosed with monkeypox virus clade Ia infection. We describe the clinical, laboratory, phylogenetic and epidemiologic features of this case. METHODS: Diagnostic testing was performed on the 5th of February using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The patient was admitted to the National…

Ligand-based design and optimization of tecovirimat derivatives as potent antiviral agents against monkeypox virus.

Among orthopoxviruses, monkeypox virus (MPXV) is currently the most significant human pathogen due to ongoing outbreaks and global spread. Tecovirimat, an FDA-approved antiviral for orthopoxviruses, inhibits the viral p37 protein essential for viral egress and is used under expanded access for monkeypox treatment. To develop more accessible inhibitors and enhance structure-activity relationship (SAR) research, a new library of tecovirimat derivatives has been designed and synthesized. These compounds underwent phenotype determination to evaluate their antiviral properties, leading to the ident…

Development and Validation of Three Automated High-Throughput Molecular Tests to Detect Monkeypox Virus Infections.

BACKGROUND: The 2022 outbreak of the clade IIb monkeypox virus and subsequent global spread lead to an urgent need for the development of high-throughput, sensitive, and reproducible diagnostic tests. METHODS: We developed 3 assays to detect monkeypox virus, 2 (MPXV+ and MPXV) for m2000 RealTime and 1 (MPXV) for Alinity m platforms. Dual targets in E9L and B6R (MPXV+) and J2L and B7R (MPXV) increased mutation resistance. In silico prediction indicates MPXV+ cross-reactivity with orthopox viruses and specific monkeypox virus detection with MPXV. RESULTS: m2000 RealTime MPXV+ and MPXV assay se…

Repositioning of anti-infective compounds against monkeypox virus core cysteine proteinase: a molecular dynamics study.

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) core cysteine proteinase (CCP) is one of the major drug targets used to examine the inhibitory action of chemical moieties. In this study, an in silico technique was applied to screen 1395 anti-infective compounds to find out the potential molecules against the MPXV-CCP. The top five hits were selected after screening and processed for exhaustive docking based on the docked score of ≤ -9.5 kcal/mol. Later, the top three hits based on the exhaustive-docking score and interaction profile were selected to perform MD simulations. The overall RMSD suggested that two compounds…

Exploring the transcriptomic profile of human monkeypox virus via CAGE and native RNA sequencing approaches.

In this study, we employed short- and long-read sequencing technologies to delineate the transcriptional architecture of the human monkeypox virus and to identify key regulatory elements that govern its gene expression. Specifically, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis to annotate the transcription start sites (TSSs) and transcription end sites (TESs) of the virus by utilizing Cap Analysis of gene expression sequencing on the Illumina platform and direct RNA sequencing on the Oxford Nanopore technology device. Our investigations uncovered significant complexity in the use of alternative TSS…

Identification and detection of conserved G-quadruplex in monkeypox virus using conformation specific fluorogenic probe.

Identifying distinct noncanonical structures in pathogenic genomes is crucial for developing new diagnostic tools. This study uncovers stable G-quadruplex (GQ) structures in conserved DNA sequences unique to the monkeypox virus (MPV). Furthermore, we developed a method for the detection of target GQ using a fluorogenic probe.

'Monkeypox 2.0': Case series on a reconditioned virus causing sexually transmissible disease in urban population.

BACKGROUND: MPOX (Monkeypox) viral infection, a zoonotic disease previously confined to the African sub-continent, has caught attention worldwide recently due to its resurgence in a new 'avatar' among urban communities. Dermatologists in the U. A. E. started to see patients with fever and a self-limiting pustular necrotic rash that was negative for all other infectious investigations. METHODS: We performed a prospective observational multicenter clinical study of the demographics, skin manifestations, and outcomes of patients presenting with necrotic pustular lesions and/or fever. RESULTS: 3

Exploration of Microbially Derived Natural Compounds against Monkeypox Virus as Viral Core Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors.

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus and the Poxviridae family, which instigated a rising epidemic called monkeypox disease. Proteinases are majorly engaged in viral propagation by catalyzing the cleavage of precursor polyproteins. Therefore, proteinase is essential for monkeypox and a critical drug target. In this study, high-throughput virtual screening (HTVS) and molecular dynamics simulation were applied to detect the potential natural compounds against the proteinase of the monkeypox virus. Here, 32,552 natural products were screened, and the top five compounds we…

Потенциальные ингибиторы вирусов обезьяны, открываемые молекулярным модельным подходом к вирусной ДНК топоизомеразы I.

Вспышка обезьяны стала глобальной чрезвычайной ситуацией в области здравоохранения. Отсутствие эффективных и безопасных лекарств является одним из важнейших препятствий на пути уничтожения ортопоксивирусных инфекций. Выявление потенциальных ингибиторов из натуральных продуктов, включая традиционную китайскую медицину (TCM), посредством молекулярной модели могло бы расширить арсенал антивирусных химиотерапевтических агентов. Monkeypox ДНК топоизомераза I (TOP1) — высокоохранный вирусный реставрированный фермент ДНК с небольшим размером и низкой гомологией для белков человека. Белковая модель ви

Филогенезический ландшафт вируса обезьяны (МПВ) во время ранней вспышки вируса в Нью-Йорке, 2022 год.

Mopkeypox (MPOX) — зоонотическая болезнь, эндемичная для регионов Центральной/Западной Африки. Расширилась географическая эндемичность МПВ, расширив взаимодействие между человеком и обезболивающим вирусом и его способность к распространению. Начиная с мая 2022 года в Европе возникла крупная многострановая вспышка ППВ, не имеющая подтвержденных связей с эндемическими странами, которая быстро распространилась по всему миру, что положило начало усилиям по наблюдению за геномами. Здесь мы провели геномный анализ 23 пациентов из Нью-Йорка, инфицированных вирусом MPV, во время ранней вспышки, оценив

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Monkeypox (MPOX) is a zoonotic disease endemic to regions of Central/Western Africa. The geographic endemicity of MPV has expanded, broadening the human-monkeypox virus interface and its potential for spillover. Since May 2022, a large multi-country MPV outbreak with no proven links to endemic countries has originated in Europe and has rapidly expanded aroun…

AI-driven drug repurposing and binding pose meta dynamics identifies novel targets for monkeypox virus.

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) was confirmed in May 2022 and designated a global health emergency by WHO in July 2022. MPX virions are big, enclosed, brick-shaped, and contain a linear, double-stranded DNA genome as well as enzymes. MPXV particles bind to the host cell membrane via a variety of viral-host protein interactions. As a result, the wrapped structure is a potential therapeutic target. DeepRepurpose, an artificial intelligence-based compound-viral proteins interaction framework, was used via a transfer learning setting to prioritize a set of FDA approved and investigational drugs which can p…

Identifying the Most Probable Mammal Reservoir Hosts for Monkeypox Virus Based on Ecological Niche Comparisons.

Previous human cases or epidemics have suggested that Monkeypox virus (MPXV) can be transmitted through contact with animals of African rainforests. Although MPXV has been identified in many mammal species, most are likely secondary hosts, and the reservoir host has yet to be discovered. In this study, we provide the full list of African mammal genera (and species) in which MPXV was previously detected, and predict the geographic distributions of all species of these genera based on museum specimens and an ecological niche modelling (ENM) method. Then, we reconstruct the ecological niche of MP…

Cheminformatics and machine learning approaches for repurposing anti-viral compounds against monkeypox virus thymidylate kinase.

One of the emerging epidemic concerns is Monkeypox disease which is spreading globally. This disease is caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), with an increasing global incidence with an outbreak in 2022. One of the novel targets for monkeypox disease is thymidylate kinase, which is involved in pyrimidine metabolism. In this study, docking-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics techniques were employed in addition to the machine learning (ML) model to investigate the potential anti-viral natural small compounds to inhibit thymidylate kinase of MPXV. Several potential hits were identifie…

Fluorescence-enhanced dual signal lateral flow immunoassay for flexible and ultrasensitive detection of monkeypox virus.

The outbreak of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) worldwide in 2022 highlights the need for a rapid and low-cost MPXV detection tool for effectively monitoring and controlling monkeypox disease. In this study, we developed a flexible lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) with strong colorimetric and enhanced fluorescence dual-signal output for the rapid, on-site, and highly sensitive detection of the MPXV antigen in different scenarios. A multilayered SiO2-Au core dual-quantum dot (QD) shell nanocomposite (named SiO2-Au/DQD), which consists of a large SiO2 core (~ 200 nm), one layer of density-controlled g…

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification coupled with nanoparticle-based lateral flow biosensor for monkeypox virus detection.

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection is currently an evolving public health concern, highlighting an urgent need for early and rapid detection of MPXV. Here, we present a diagnostic test called MPXV-LAMP-LFB, which combines loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and nanoparticle-based lateral flow biosensor (LFB) for the simple, sensitive and specific detection of MPXV and differentiation of its two clades. The MPXV-LAMP-LFB can be conducted at a heating block and the detection results can be visually indicated with the biosensor without any specialized apparatus. Two sets of LAMP primers t…

The Global Health Threat of Monkeypox Virus: Understanding Its Biology, Transmission, and Potential Therapeutic Interventions.

Monkeypox virus (MPXV), a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus, shares its genus with Variola virus (VARV), the causative agent of smallpox, and Vaccinia virus (VACV), used for smallpox vaccination. While smallpox has been eradicated, MPXV and related poxviruses continue to pose a global health threat. Monkeypox (Mpox), similar in clinical presentation to smallpox but milder, is endemic in Central and West Africa. Sporadic outbreaks emphasize the potential for wider dissemination. Understanding their biology, transmission, immune evasion, and clinical features informs disease control strategies. …

Isolation of viable monkeypox virus from anal and urethral swabs, Italy, May to July 2022.

Anal and urethral samples from confirmed cases of monkeypox were screened for monkeypox virus (MPXV) by real-time PCR. Isolation of the virus was subsequently attempted in cell culture. Actively-replicating virus was demonstrated in 13 of 18 and 11 of 15 PCR-positive anal and urethral swabs, respectively, collected within 7 days from symptoms onset. Two asymptomatic secondary cases had detectable MPXV genetic material in urethral secretion and for one, MPXV was successfully isolated, supporting a potential MPXV sexual transmission hypothesis.