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Phenotypic expression of polycystic ovary syndrome in South Asian women.

UNLABELLED: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) occurs in 6% to 10% of women and, as the most common worldwide endocrinopathy of reproductive-aged women, is linked to a constellation of reproductive and metabolic abnormalities, including anovulatory infertility, hirsutism, acne, and insulin resistance in association with metabolic syndrome. Despite a genetic component to PCOS, ethnicity plays an important role in the phenotypic expression of PCOS, with South Asian PCOS women having more severe reproductive and metabolic symptoms than other ethnic groups. South Asians with PCOS seek medical care a…

Impaired flow-mediated vasodilatation in Asian Indians with erectile dysfunction.

Endothelial dysfunction is the postulated link between coronary artery disease (CAD) and erectile dysfunction (ED). Brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) is a non-invasive surrogate marker for endothelial function assessment. Despite Asian Indians representing a considerable global CAD burden, data on FMD and ED in these patients are lacking. Of the 225 patients undergoing coronary angiography, 72% had ED (assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire); ED was moderate to severe in 61% of the patients. ED patients had a higher incidence of seve…

Молекулярная эпидемиология американского/азиатского генотипа DENV-2 в Перу.

В течение последнего десятилетия страны Южной Америки сообщали о геморрагической лихорадке денге, связанной с американским/азиатским генотипом вируса денге серотипа 2 (DENV-2). С середины 1990-х годов штаммы DENV-2 были связаны с крупными вспышками лихорадки денге и ДГФ во многих районах Перу, однако исследования по изучению происхождения, распределения и генетического разнообразия штаммов DENV-2 носили ограниченный характер. Для устранения этого пробела в знаниях мы секвенировали геологический район DENV-2 изолировали его от Перу, Эквадора, Парагвая и Боливии. Последовательность была приведен

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
During the past decade, countries in South America have reported dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) associated with American/Asian genotype of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2). DENV-2 strains have been associated with large outbreaks of dengue fever and DHF in numerous regions of Peru since the mid-1990s, but studies to address the origins, distribution, and gen…

Anterior segment optical coherence tomography characteristics in an Asian population.

PURPOSE: To quantify the angle characteristics in an Indian population, and determine the prevalence of eyes at risk of angle closure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This population-based cohort study was carried out to evaluate individuals, 40 to 59 years of age, clinically. The individuals underwent anterior segment optical coherence tomography of their right eyes in the horizontal meridian, using the enhanced protocol. RESULTS: The mean scleral spur angle for the population was 24.2±10.2 degrees, and a manually measured angle recess was 23.2±10.2 degrees, with a κ value of agreement of 0.78, 85.7

Characteristics of divergence excess type intermittent exotropia in Asian children.

BACKGROUND: Exotropia is twice as common as esotropia in Asian children, with divergence excess intermittent exotropia contributing more than one half of exotropia cases. In this study, distance-near relationships and ratios of accommodative convergence to accommodation (AC/A) are compared using different measurement methods in Asian children with divergence excess intermittent exotropia. METHODS: Children with intermittent exotropia and a distance deviation exceeding the near by at least 10(Δ) were consecutively recruited. After prism cover test measurements at 6 m and 33 cm, AC/A ratios wer…

Supporting Asian patients with metastatic breast cancer during ixabepilone therapy.

IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD: Ixabepilone is currently FDA-approved in metastatic breast cancer, and most patients in the registrational trials were Caucasian. Studies in Asian populations receiving other cytotoxic agents have revealed differential pharmacokinetics and clinical outcomes. As such, clinicians should understand the possible contributions of Asian ethnicity and culture to the clinical profile of ixabepilone. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW: Studies in Asian patients receiving other chemotherapeutics reported altered toxicity profiles for myelosuppression, neurotoxicity and gastrointestin…

Artificial bowel sphincter implantation for faecal incontinence in Asian patients.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the outcomes with the American Medical Systems artificial bowel sphincter (ABS) implantation for the treatment of intractable faecal incontinence in an Asian population. METHODS: Six Asian patients who underwent ABS implantation between March 2004 and December 2007 for the treatment of faecal incontinence were reviewed. RESULTS: The ABS was successfully implanted in six patients [mean age 50 (20-73) years; 4 males]. The most common causes of incontinence were congenital anomaly of the anus (imperforate anus status post a pull-through procedure) and status-post ultralo…

Modified vertical dome division technique for rhinoplasty in Asian patients.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Vertical dome division (VDD) is a useful nasal tip surgery technique. However, it is associated with postoperative complications and has never been studied in Asian patients. This study examined results following application of our modified VDD approach in Asian patients requiring nasal tip surgery. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective clinical chart review. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 37 patients who underwent rhinoplasty using our modified VDD procedure. The indications were thick tip skin and relatively strong and well-developed lower lateral cartilages. Outcome me…

MuSK-antibody-positive myasthenia gravis in a South Asian population.

BACKGROUND: MuSK-antibody-positive myasthenia gravis (MuSK-MG) is diagnosed in 0-40% of cases with generalized seronegative MG in different populations. The presence of anti-MuSK antibodies defines a distinct clinico-immuno-pathological subtype of MG. We analysed for the first time the serology and clinical characteristics of MuSK-MG in a South Asian population. METHODS: 113 patients with MG attending Neurology Units in three state hospitals in the district of Colombo, Sri Lanka were studied. AChR antibodies were tested in all patients whilst MuSK antibodies were tested in patients seronegati…

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Asian children.

BACKGROUND: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare but severe drug reactions. There have been few reviews of SJS and TEN in children. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical profile and treatment outcomes of 15 pediatric patients with SJS or TEN. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the case notes of all patients diagnosed with SJS or TEN admitted to a tertiary care pediatric hospital from 2001 to 2006. RESULTS: We identified 13 cases of SJS, 1 case of SJS/TEN overlap and 1 case of TEN. Four patients were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), 5 p

Outcomes following acute primary angle closure in an Asian population.

BACKGROUND: Data regarding development of primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) following acute primary angle closure (APAC) is conflicting. This study looks at outcomes after an APAC episode with a secondary aim to identify any risk factors that could predict progression to PACG. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of the charts of consecutive patients who were diagnosed with APAC from December 2003 to June 2006. All were treated in a standard manner with initial intensive medical therapy or laser iridoplasty followed by early laser peripheral iridotomy within 24 h of presentation. RESU

Bone mass in First Nations, Asian and white newborn infants.

To compare bone mass in newborn infants of First Nations, white and Asian mothers while accounting for vitamin D status. Fifty infants born healthy at term age were measured for bone mass using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) within 15 days of life. Vitamin D status was measured as 25(OH)D in cord plasma. White infants were separated based on 25(OH)D concentrations into sufficient and insufficient (< 32.5 nmol/L) to match for vitamin D status of the Asian infants and the First Nations group. Differences among groups were tested using ANOVA and post hoc testing with Bonferroni multiple c…

Keratoprosthesis surgery for end-stage corneal blindness in asian eyes.

PURPOSE: To establish a multidisciplinary surgical program for osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis (OOKP) surgery in Asia and to evaluate efficacy and preliminary safety of this keratoprosthesis in end-stage corneal and ocular surface disease. DESIGN: Prospective noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: Sixteen adults of Asian ethnic origin, bilaterally blind with end-stage corneal blindness from Stevens-Johnson syndrome, or severe chemical or thermal burns. METHODS: Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis surgery involves 2 procedures-in stage 1, an autologous canine tooth is removed, modified to receive…

Psychiatric illness and substance abuse among homeless Asian-American veterans.

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the proportion of Asian Americans among homeless veterans and among veterans in the general population to calculate the relative risk of homelessness among Asian-American veterans. It also examined differences in rates of psychiatric and substance use disorders between homeless racial and ethnic subgroups. METHODS: Data were gathered between 1997 and 2001 from the Health Care for Homeless Veterans program and included data from administrative intake, patients' self-reports, and clinicians' diagnostic assessments of substance use disorders and psychiatric illnes…

Central Asian republics: a case study for medical education reform.

Social, political, and economic changes in the former Soviet Union precipitated both the collapse of a once-centralized medical education system in the region and the development of individual models in its place. In the context of rapid globalization and international concerns about health, this development of "nation-based" models for the structure, content, language, and duration of instruction generated concerns about regional accreditation; workforce planning; student qualifications; residency training; continuing education; and infrastructure, such as access to literature, an adequate cl

Predictors of clinical breast examination among South Asian immigrant women.

To determine predictors of clinical breast examination (CBE) among South Asian immigrant women residing in Toronto, Canada. A cross-sectional self-administered survey with women patients visiting family physician group practices. Fifty-four women participated in the study (response rate 77%). Twenty women (38.5%) "ever had" CBE. Compared to women who never had CBE, women who had CBE were statistically older, had lived more years in Canada, had better knowledge of breast cancer, had lower perceived barriers to CBE, and were more likely to have ever had a periodic health exam. No significant dif…

Intimate partner violence against South Asian women in greater Boston.

OBJECTIVES: to identify the prevalence of male-perpetrated intimate partner violence (IPV) against South Asian women (Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Sri Lankan, Bhutanese, Nepalese, Maldive Islanders) residing in Greater Boston; to identify forms of abuse, abuse-related injuries, and help-seeking behaviors of South Asian women reporting IPV; and to assess the relationship between current IPV victimization and history of nonpartner abuse, acculturation, and victim-blaming attitudes. METHODS: A community-based volunteer sample of South Asian women (n=160) in relationships with male partners pa…

Asthma, allergy, and atopy in three south-east Asian populations.

BACKGROUND: Whilst many recent reports have suggested a rise in the prevalence of asthma and allergic disease in Western countries, little is known about the epidemiology of these common conditions in south-east Asia. This study compared the prevalence of asthma and allergic disease amongst secondary school students in three south-east Asian populations--Hong Kong, Kota Kinabalu in Malaysia, and San Bu in China--and investigated the associations with atopy and family history. METHODS: Secondary school students were given standard questionnaires on respiratory and allergic symptoms for complet…

Sociocultural correlates of eating disorders among Asian schoolgirls in Bradford.

A survey of 204 south-Asian and 355 Caucasian schoolgirls was conducted in Bradford using the EAT-26 and the BSQ. At interview, seven Asian girls and two Caucasian girls met DSM-III-R criteria for bulimia nervosa, yielding a prevalence of 3.4% and 0.6% respectively. One Asian girl met DSM-III-R criteria for anorexia nervosa. Factor analyses of the EAT and BSQ supported their cross-cultural conceptual equivalence in this south-Asian population. Among the Asians, high EAT and BSQ scores were associated with a more traditional cultural orientation and not with greater Westernisation. It is probab…

Glucosuria associated with renal calculi in Asian small-clawed otters.

Urine from one female and 2 male Asian small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinerea) with bilateral renal calculi, one female with unilateral calculi, and one nonaffected male were evaluated for abnormal urinary crystalloid excretion. One otter with bilateral renal calculi had cystic calculi composed of calcium oxalate monohydrate and dihydrate. The 2 affected males were littermates, as were the 2 affected females, but the 2 litters were from different parents. At the time of the study, the otters did not have clinical signs of disease. Hematologic and serum biochemical, electrolyte, and enzyme values w…