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The Autoimmune Mechanism in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever.

The immune response of dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever is a series of immunopathogenesis processes starting from viral infection to the target on monocytes and macrophages. It may consequently cause a cascade of viremia in the circulation that stimulates the afferent, efferent, and effector mechanism by the interaction of the humoral and complement system. The cascade results in inflammatory substance that will affect capillary permeability and activate coagulation factors leading to further effects on endothelial level. The mechanism involving pathogenesis of DHF/DSS is still vague. So …

[Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of dengue in China].

Dengue is the most prevalent and rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease. As a dengue non-endemic country, China has experienced several dengue outbreaks in recent years. However, dengue patients in China displayed distinct clinical characteristics compared to patients in endemic countries. To standardize the diagnosis and treatment of dengue fever, the experts of the Society of Infectious Diseases, Society of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology of Chinese Medical Association, and the Society of Emergency Medicine, China Association of Chinese Medicine have reached this guideline based o…

Peptides as Therapeutic Agents for Dengue Virus.

Dengue is an important global threat caused by dengue virus (DENV) that records an estimated 390 million infections annually. Despite the availability of CYD-TDV as a commercial vaccine, its long-term efficacy against all four dengue virus serotypes remains unsatisfactory. There is therefore an urgent need for the development of antiviral drugs for the treatment of dengue. Peptide was once a neglected choice of medical treatment but it has lately regained interest from the pharmaceutical industry following pioneering advancements in technology. In this review, the design of peptide drugs, anti…

Hepatitis and thrombocytopenia: markers of dengue mortality.

Dengue fever is of great concern to public health in India as it contributes significantly to the burden of healthcare. The aim of our study was to measure mortality in dengue and its association with hepatitis and thrombocytopenia. Our study was performed in a tertiary care setting in the state of Kerala in southern India. Adult patients admitted in the year 2013 were included. Among 1308 confirmed dengue patients, the mortality rate was 1.76%. Hepatitis and thrombocytopenia were present in over 80% of all patients, but severe hepatitis was seen in 11.4% and severe thrombocytopenia in 9.3%. T…

Unsweetened IgG Is Bad for Dengue Patients.

Dengue hemorrhagic fever is shown to correlate with secondary infection with a virus serotype different from the previous infection. However, only a small fraction of secondary infections leads to hemorrhagic fever. A recent Science paper suggests that the fucosylation state and isotype of IgGs elicited in patients may enhance disease severity.

Spontaneous arterial hemorrhage as a complication of dengue.

Bleeding complications of dengue hemorrhagic fever such as epistaxis, gum bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding, hypermenorrhea, hematuria, and thrombocytopenia have been documented. A 49-year-old female presented with complaints of intermittent high-grade fever for the past 4 days, lower abdominal pain and altered sensorium for 1 day. Laboratory investigations revealed severe anemia, mild thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, and positive dengue serology. Emergency ultrasound examination of the abdomen revealed a possible rapidly expanding hematoma from the inferior epigastric artery and sugges…

Peripheral gangrene in a case of severe dengue.

We report the case of a 10-year-old male who developed gangrene of his fingers and toes following severe dengue fever complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Child developed bilateral dry gangrene of fingers and toes. All the peripheral pulses of the affected limbs were palpable. The child had no history of taking B-blockers, ergot alkaloids or other related medications. Color Doppler of peripheral arterial and venous systems of all limbs indicated normal flow. Blood was positive for D-dimers and fibrin degradation products. The patient was managed with broad spectrum anti…

Suppression of Drug Resistance in Dengue Virus.

UNLABELLED: Dengue virus is a major human pathogen responsible for 400 million infections yearly. As with other RNA viruses, daunting challenges to antiviral design exist due to the high error rates of RNA-dependent RNA synthesis. Indeed, treatment of dengue virus infection with a nucleoside analog resulted in the expected genetic selection of resistant viruses in tissue culture and in mice. However, when the function of the oligomeric core protein was inhibited, no detectable selection of drug resistance in tissue culture or in mice was detected, despite the presence of drug-resistant variant…

Dengue fever as a cause of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Dengue is endemic in more than 100 countries in Southeast Asia, the Americas, the western Pacific, Africa and the eastern Mediterranean regions. The virus is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Dengue disease is the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease in humans and is a global and national public health concern in several countries. A seasonal pattern of dengue disease is consistently observed. The highest incidences usually correspond to the period of highest rainfall and humidity, providing suitable conditions for Aedes aegypti breeding and survival. In Brazil for instance it is from J…

FREQUENCY OF SPLENOMEGALY IN DENGUE FEVER IN CHILDREN.

BACKGROUND: Dengue Fever is caused by arthropod born viruses. According to World Health Organization approximately 50-100 million infections of dengue fever occur yearly. Objective of this study was to determine the frequency of splenomegaly in dengue fever in children. METHODS: This cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Paediatrics, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad, during a period from June 2012 to May 2013 by including 93 Children, aged 4-14 years presenting with fever of less than 14 days with thrombocytopenia and positive IM or IgM and IgG dengue antibodies by ELISA. Patien…

FLUID AND HEMODYNAMIC MANAGEMENT IN SEVERE DENGUE.

In the critical phase of dengue fever, the leakage of intravascular fluid into interstitial space and 3rd space can cause hemoconcentration and severe complications such as dengue shock syndrome (DSS), and it can lead to multiple organ failure, followed by death. Close monitoring, early detection and prompt management are the keys in successful treatment. In a hemodynamically unstable patient, crystalloid is the fluid of choice in initial management. However, if they are not responsive despite adequate resuscitation, a careful search for others causes is mandatory and fluids should be switched…

Sonography in the diagnosis and assessment of dengue Fever.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the following study is to determine the use of ultrasound as an important adjunct to clinical and laboratory profile in diagnosing dengue fever and in predicting the severity of the disease by correlating imaging features with platelet count. The variation in sonographic features seen in patients from different age groups was also studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study. 96 patients who were serologically diagnosed as having dengue fever between April and August 2012 were referred for ultrasound scanning of the abdomen and thorax and the imagi…

Perinatal transmission of dengue: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Dengue in pregnancy is associated with many maternal and foetal outcomes including perinatal transmission of dengue infection. CASE PRESENTATION: A baby was born by emergency caesarean section due to foetal distress and meconium stained liquor, to a 27-year old primi-gravidae, Sinhalese female, who was febrile during and 2 days prior to labour. The baby had evidence of respiratory distress due to meconium aspiration and was cared for in the special care baby unit for 3 days. On the 4th day he developed fever and serial blood counts showed a gradual rise in the haematocrit (>20% of…

Cardiovascular manifestations of the emerging dengue pandemic.

Dengue is one of the most important emerging viral diseases globally. The majority of symptomatic infections result in a relatively benign disease course. However, a small proportion of patients develop severe clinical manifestations, including bleeding, organ impairment, and endothelial dysfunction with increased capillary permeability causing hypovolaemic shock that can lead to cardiovascular collapse. Evidence is increasing that dengue can also cause myocardial impairment, arrhythmias and, occasionally, fulminant myocarditis. No antiviral agents or vaccines are licensed for dengue, and trea…

[Imported dengue: an emerging arbovirosis in Spain].

Dengue is caused by one of 4 serotypes of dengue virus. Only imported cases have been reported in Spain. The main clinical findings are fever and exanthema, although there may be severe forms, particularly in secondary infections. Five children with a primary, non severe dengue infection are presented. The diagnosis was based on clinical suspicion and epidemiological history, and confirmed by immunochromatography and ELISA tests. The outcome was favourable in all cases. It is important to consider this diagnosis in international travellers that present with fever within the 14 days of returnin…

Corticosteroids in the treatment of dengue shock syndrome.

Dengue infection causes significant morbidity and mortality in over 100 countries worldwide, and its incidence is on the rise. The pathophysiological basis for the development of severe dengue, characterized by plasma leakage and the "shock syndrome" are poorly understood. No specific treatment or vaccine is available, and careful monitoring and judicious administration of fluids forms the mainstay of management at present. It is postulated that vascular endothelial dysfunction, induced by cytokine and chemical mediators, is an important mechanism of plasma leakage. Although corticosteroids ar…

The association of cytokines with severe dengue in children.

BACKGROUND: Dengue virus infection is a major public health problem. A hypothesis put forward for severe dengue is the cytokine storm, a sudden increase in cytokines that induces vascular permeability. Previous studies and our recent meta-analysis showed that IL-6, IL-8, IFNγ, TNFα, VEGF-A and VCAM-1 are associated with dengue shock syndrome. Therefore, in this study we aim to validate the association of these cytokines with severe dengue. METHODS & FINDINGS: In a hospital based-case control study in Vietnam, children with dengue fever, other febrile illness and healthy controls were recruite…

Импортированные случаи денге в Польше и их диагноз.

Заражения от вируса денге передаются комарами. В тропических районах она распространяется главным образом на Aedes aegypti, а в странах с более низкой температурой - на Aedes albopictus. С 2010 года в Европе также поступают сообщения о случаях применения денге на автохтонной основе. Существует 4 серотипа вируса денге (DENV). Однако не было установлено никакой корреляции между клиническим представлением болезни и типом вируса. Тем не менее реинфекция с различными типами ДЕНВ может привести к серьезным, угрожающим жизни заболеваниям. Согласно оценкам, каждый год 100 миллионов человек заражены ви

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Infections with dengue virus are transmitted by mosquitoes. In tropical areas, it is mainly spread by Aedes aegypti while in countries with lower temperatures by Aedes albopictus. Since 2010, autochthonous cases of dengue are also reported in Europe. There are 4 serotypes of dengue virus (DENV). No correlation between clinical presentation of disease and vir…

Clinical course of dengue in patients with thalassaemia.

BACKGROUND: Dengue and thalassaemia are prevalent in tropical regions. Thalassaemia patients with dengue present with atypical clinical manifestations and may experience more severe disease and complications. AIMS: To investigate the clinical manifestations and outcome in thalassaemia patients with dengue. METHODS: Medical records of thalassaemia patients aged from birth to 18 years with serologically-confirmed dengue who were admitted to Chiang Mai University Hospital, Thailand from January 2005 to December 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical presentation, laboratory results and ou…

Concurrent dengue and malaria in an area in Kolkata.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the nature and extent of dual dengue and malaria infections in an endemic area through a longitudinal study. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted from August 2005 to December 2010 to document the nature and extent of concurrent dengue and malaria infections in an area in central Kolkata, endemic both for dengue and malaria. RESULTS: Of 2 971 suspected cases of dengue fever, in 605 (20.36%) persons dengue infection was detected, of whom 46 (7.60%, 46/605) patients (40 and 6 suffered from secondary and primary dengue fever respectively) were simultaneously sufferi…