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Bronchodilator responsiveness in patients with chronic heart failure.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of inhaled bronchodilators on pulmonary function and dyspnea in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). BACKGROUND: Conflicting data exist on whether bronchodilators may improve pulmonary function and dyspnea in patients with chronic HF. METHODS: In this retrospective observational study we analyzed data of 116 chronic HF outpatients with systolic dysfunction who underwent spirometry and Borg dyspnea measurements before and after inhalation of 400 μg salbutamol and 80 μg ipratropium. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary dis

Fluorescent target array T helper assay: a multiplex flow cytometry assay to measure antigen-specific CD4+ T cell-mediated B cell help in vivo.

CD4(+) T cells play a central role in regulating the immune response. Their effector function is commonly assessed by their capacity to secrete cytokines detected by ELISPOT and intracellular cytokine staining. However, one aspect of their effector function that is often overlooked is their ability to help activation of cognate B cells directly, a process that is initiated through the engagement of their T cell-receptor (TCR) with cognate peptide presented on major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecules by B cells. Here we report a method to monitor CD4(+) T cell-mediated B cel

Case management after long-term absence from work in China: a case report.

INTRODUCTION: Return-to-work (RTW) after occupational injuries is an important and challenging issue. Case managers are expected to play a vital role in successful RTW. In China, RTW intervention is in its early phase and requires further research and practice. OBJECTIVES: This case report describes Mr. H's RTW process for illustrating the work of a case management team in China. Suggestions on developing and optimizing the process in China are given. METHODS: After 9 years of absence from work due to severe burn injuries at work, Mr. H was referred for RTW interventions. Mr. H received soci

The effects of volatile induction and maintenance of anesthesia and selective spinal anesthesia on QT interval, QT dispersion, and arrhythmia incidence.

OBJECTIVE: The effects of sevoflurane general anesthesia and bupivacaine selective spinal anesthesia on QT dispersion (QTd) and corrected QT … esia induction in Group V was established with sevoflurane + 0.1 mg/kg vecuronium using the maximum vital capacity technique. Anesthesia was maintained with 2-3% sevoflurane + 50% N2O/O2 inhalation. All patients were tested with a 24-hour Holter ECG device. QT, QTc, and QTd intervals were measured using 12-lead ECG records at 1 and 3 minutes during preinduction, …

[Comparison of lung volume response with airflow response to bronchodilator in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

OBJECTIVE: the reversibility of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is evaluated mainly by FEV(1) after bronchodilators. However, lung volumes also change significantly in COPD, but few studies addressed the characteristics of the changes in post bronchodilator airflow and lung volume in patients with COPD. This study was carried out to evaluate the difference of FEV(1) response and forced vital capacity (FVC) response to bronchodilators in patients with COPD as well as the impact of severity of COPD on the flow and volume reversibility. METHODS: 465 patients with COPD (male 426, fem…

The effect of thoracosopic thoracic sympathetomy on pulmonary function and bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic thoracic sympathectic denervation (ESD) is a procedure used in primary hyperhidrosis and upper extremity ischemia. Br … ed before and 4 weeks after ESD. RESULTS: Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were significantly decreased early after ESD (from 4.67 +/- 0.84 L and 4.36 +/- 0.85 L to 4.12 +/- 0.78 L and 3.84 +/- 0.82 L, respectively), although no patient complained of an aggravation of respiratory symptoms. Twelve patients (21%) had a …

Evidence base for children affected by HIV and AIDS in low prevalence and concentrated epidemic countries: applicability to programming guidance from high prevalence countries.

As global commitment grows to protect and support children affected by HIV and AIDS, questions remain about how best to meet the needs of these children in low prevalence settings and whether information from high prevalence countries can appropriately guide programming in these settings. A 2007 search for the evidence in low prevalence settings on situational challenges of HIV and AIDS-affected children and interventions to address these challenges identified 413 documents. They were reviewed and judged for quality of documentation and scientific rigor. Information was compiled across eight t

Downregulation of secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor in chronic obstructive lung disease: the role of TGF-beta/Smads signaling pathways.

BACKGROUND: Secretory leukocyte proteinase inhibitor (SLPI) is an important antileukoprotease in airway. The aim of the present study was to … ody, peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in 0.3 sec (FEV(0.3)) and FEV(0.3)/forced vital capacity (FVC) in the TGFbeta(1) monoclonal antibody intervention group were all significantly improved. Expression of SLPI was also improved, but expression of Smad4 was significantly decreased. Expression of SLPI in NHBE cells was inhibited by TGFbeta(1) b …

A comparison of the effects of a subtype selective and non-selective benzodiazepine receptor agonist in two CO(2) models of experimental human anxiety.

Studies in human volunteers that can demonstrate proof of concept are attractive in that possible mechanisms and potential new drug treatmen … halation of 7.5% CO(2) for 20 min. However, there were fewer significant differences after a single vital capacity inhalation of 35% CO(2), where zolpidem was less efficacious than alprazolam at reducing CO(2)-induced symptoms. In conclusion, our results show that zolpidem shows some anxiolytic efficacy in the 7.5% CO(2) model, similar to alprazolam, and this is …

Polysomnographic values in adolescents with ataxia telangiectasia.

Most adolescents with ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) develop progressive bulbar muscle weakness and decreased pulmonary reserve. The purpose of this study was to define the patterns of sleep and respiration during sleep, and to identify sleep-related breathing problems in subjects with A-T. To address these issues, overnight polysomnography was performed on 12 adolescents with A-T. Eleven of the 12 subjects completed overnight polysomnography. The median age was 16 years (range, 13-20 years). All subjects in the study were wheelchair-bound and the median forced vital capacity (% predicted of norm…

Risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications in upper abdominal surgery.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary complications are the most frequent cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality in upper abdominal surgery (UAS). W … rative respiratory symptoms and the spirometric parameter of forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity were the most valuable risk factors for early prediction of POPC. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic efficiency of the presence of preoperative respiratory symptoms in the POPC prediction were 70, 61 and 66%, respectively. CONCLUSION: We r …

Surgery for patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: report of 121 cases receiving community-based treatment in Lima, Peru.

BACKGROUND: While most patients with tuberculosis (TB) can be successfully treated using short-course medical chemotherapy, thoracic surgery … rative complications, observed in 22.6% of patients, were associated with preoperative haemoptysis, vital capacity <50% and low forced expiratory volume in 1 s. CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the largest cohorts with MDR-TB to be treated with surgery, and the first from a resource-poor country. Although surgery is not often considered an option for patients in res …

[Relationships between spinal deformities and respiratory function in patients with severe motor and intellectual disabilities syndrome].

The term severe motor and intellectual disabilities syndrome (SMIDS) refers to describe a heterogeneous group of disorders with severe physi … .0 +/- 7.3 years). The patients inability to make effort in spirometry prevented us from evaluating vital capacity and forced expiratory volume. We measured respiratory rate, tidal volume, and expiratory gas during tidal breathing for 10 minutes. There was no patient with the athethotic type of CP. CA and SRS were found to be correlated with each other (r = 0.81 …

Clinical laboratory evaluation of male subfertility.

Male subfertility is a common problem with a complex etiology, requiring a complete andrological work-up for proper diagnosis. The male reproductive tract is controlled by a well-balanced hormonal system, in which hypothalamic (GnRH), pituitary (LH, FSH) and testicular hormones (androgens, inhibin B) participate. Any disturbance of this hormonal system may therefore lead to testicular dysfunction and interfere with the spermatogenesis process. In addition, also other components along the ductal system, such as epididymis, prostate and seminal vesicles, that improve sperm fertility by contribut

Pulmonary manifestations of primary Sjogren's syndrome: a clinical, radiologic, and pathologic study.

RATIONALE: Clinicopathologic pulmonary manifestations associated with primary Sjogren's syndrome have yet to be reviewed in a large series s … oneycombing (p = 0.04) were independently associated with survival. Patients with NSIP showed lower vital capacity (mean +/- SD: 68.5 +/- 16.6%pred) than patients without NSIP (92.5 +/- 18.6%pred; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Among a diversity of pulmonary lesions in primary Sjogren's syndrome, NSIP was the commonest histologic pattern and had a favorable prognosis.

Correlation between symptom score, wheeze, reversibility of pulmonary function tests and treatment response in asthma.

Asthma management is a major concern because some asthmatic patients either do not respond or else hardly respond to treatment. Therefore in the present study, an attempt has been made to determine the predictors of treatment response in asthmatic patients. Thirty six asthmatic adults including 13 male and 23 female were studied during a 3 month treatment period. Asthma symptom score (SS) and wheezing were recorded before and after treatment. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximal…

In vivo characterisation of intestinal zinc uptake in freshwater rainbow trout.

Knowledge of the uptake mechanisms and metabolism of metals is essential for understanding the factors governing metal toxicity, discerning means by which acclimation and homeostasis may be achieved and characterising interactions between the metal of interest and other environmental moieties. Zinc is both an important aquatic contaminant and a vital micronutrient. The physiological characterisation of dietary zinc absorption in fish has, therefore, important implications for environmental protection and aquaculture. The present study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of intestinal zinc uptake

Неинвазивная вентиляция для стенки грудной клетки и нервно-мышечных расстройств.

Нейромускульные расстройства и нарушения стенки грудной клетки в индивидуальном порядке редки, но вместе они образуют важную группу заболеваний, которые могут привести к хронической недостаточности вентиляции. Это лучше всего распознается в сколиозе, кифозе, после грудной пластики, в мышечных дистрофиях, таких, как мышечная дистрофия Дюченна (DMD) и миотонная дистрофия, после полиомиелита и с моторной нейронной болезнью (амитрофический боковой склероз). В случае нарушения функции луковицы может потребоваться вентиляция трахеостомии, однако в других случаях предпочтительным является неинвазивна

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Neuromuscular and chest wall disorders are individually uncommon but together form an important group of conditions that can lead to chronic … s, normalisation of blood gases and slight improvement in other physiological measures, such as the vital capacity and maximal mouth pressures. Survival in chest wall disorders is approximately 90% at 1 yr and 80% at 5 yrs, and similar figures have been obtained in nonprogressive neuromuscular conditions. If, however, the underlying disorder is deteriorating, pa …

Diphtheritic polyneuropathy: clinical analysis of severe forms.

BACKGROUND: Diphtheritic polyneuropathy (DP) is a dangerous complication of diphtheria, especially its severe forms with bulbar, respiratory … rect indication for tracheotomy and artificial ventilation in patients with DP is a decrease of the vital capacity of the lungs below the traditional 16 mL/kg body weight or the development of the paralytic closure of the larynx against the background of the increasing weakness of the respiratory muscles. Characteristic of severe forms of DP is the phenomenon of …

Funnel chest: treatment strategy and follow-up.

Although funnel chest is the most frequently seen deformity of the anterior chest wall in children, there is still considerable controversy … t our treatment strategy of objective criteria for operation (functional compression index > 0.2, % vital capacity <80, and CT index less than 0.25) and timing of operation (between 4 and 6 years of age) provides good results. Based on the analysis of long-term follow-up, surgery is considered indicated in patients with severe deformity. However, in the interest …