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Acute pain drives different effects on local and global cortical excitability in motor and prefrontal areas: insights into interregional and interpersonal differences in pain processing.

Pain-related depression of corticomotor excitability has been explored using transcranial magnetic stimulation-elicited motor-evoked potentials. Transcranial magnetic stimulation-electroencephalography now enables non-motor area cortical excitability assessments, offering novel insights into cortical excitability changes during pain states. Here, pain-related cortical excitability changes were explored in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and primary motor cortex (M1). Cortical excitability was recorded in 24 healthy participants before (Baseline), during painful heat (Acute Pain), and non-no…

Exploring electroencephalographic infraslow neurofeedback treatment for chronic low back pain: a double-blinded safety and feasibility randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a disabling condition worldwide. In CLBP, neuroimaging studies demonstrate abnormal activities in cortical areas responsible for pain modulation, emotional, and sensory components of pain experience [i.e., pregenual and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (pgACC, dACC), and somatosensory cortex (SSC), respectively]. This pilot study, conducted in a university setting, evaluated the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of a novel electroencephalography-based infraslow-neurofeedback (EEG ISF-NF) technique for retraining activities in pgACC, dACC and SSC and explore…

Massive tramadol ingestion resulting in fatal brain injury - a pharmacokinetic study with discussion on the involved mechanisms of toxicity.

BACKGROUND: Tramadol-attributed toxicity may involve opioid-like, serotoninergic, and noradrenergic mechanisms. We investigated the mechanisms of toxicity in a massive tramadol ingestion case by examining serial clinical, imaging, electroencephalography, pharmacokinetics, and genotyping data. CASE REPORT: A 32-year-old female who presumably ingested 9000 mg sustained-release tramadol was found comatose without hypoglycemia, bradypnea, hypotension, marked hypoxemia or seizures. She developed eyelid myoclonus and non-reactive mydriasis. Electroencephalogram showed non-reactive encephalopathy. M…

Sarcoidosis and obsessive-compulsive symptoms.

INTRODUCTION: Autoimmune obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in the context of pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated wit … tions, both serum and CSF showed a distinct antinuclear antibody pattern with perinuclear staining. Electroencephalography identified frontocentral theta spindles. Upon endobronchial-guided lymph node biopsy demonstrating non-caseating lymph nodes in further work-up, sarcoidosis was diagnosed. Levels of the sarcoidosis parameters IL-2-R and neopterin were increased. Und …

Effects of a five-day HD-tDCS application to the right IFG depend on current intensity: A study in children and adolescents with ADHD.

Impaired executive functions in ADHD are associated with hypoactivity of the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). This region was targeted vi … memory and response inhibition paradigm (n-back/nogo). At baseline, post, and a 4-month follow up, electroencephalography was recorded during this task. Moreover, interference control (flanker task) and spatial working memory (spanboard task) were assessed to explore possible transfer effects. Omission errors and reaction time variability in all tasks served as measure …

Brain network effects by continuous theta burst stimulation in mal de débarquement syndrome: simultaneous EEG and fMRI study.

Objective. Heterogeneous clinical responses to treatment with non-invasive brain stimulation are commonly observed, making it necessary to d … essions were delivered on three consecutive days with the optimal target chosen by the participant. Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded at single-administration test sessions of cTBS. Simultaneous EEG and functional MRI data were acquired at baseline and after completion of 10-12 sessions. Network connectivity changes after single and repetitive stimulations of cT …

Validating respiratory index of auto-titrating positive airway pressure device with polysomnography.

PURPOSE: Positive airway pressure (PAP) devices have been widely used as the first line of treatment in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Most … APAP) devices. The RIs of participants were measured at night using APAP devices, concurrently with electroencephalography, respiratory inductance plethysmography sensors, and other polysomnographic sensors in a sleep laboratory. The respiratory-related data of APAP were prospectively analyzed with the manually scored polysomnographic data. RESULTS: The apnea-hypopnea …

Mechanical Ventilation, Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide, Increased Fraction of Inspired Oxygen and the Increased Risk for Adverse Short-Term Outcomes in Cooled Asphyxiated Newborns.

Neonates treated with therapeutic hypothermia (TH) following perinatal asphyxia (PA) suffer a considerable rate of disability and mortality. … r TH. Death, abnormal findings on magnetic resonance imaging, and pathological amplitude-integrated electroencephalography traces were used to define short-term outcomes. The need for mechanical ventilation was significantly higher in the newborns with adverse outcomes (38% vs. 5.6%, p = 0.001). Compared to spontaneously breathing neonates, intubated newborns suffered f …

Increased intensity of unintended mirror muscle contractions after cervical spinal cord injury is associated with changes in interhemispheric and corticomuscular coherences.

Mirror contractions refer to unintended contractions of the contralateral homologous muscles during voluntary unilateral contractions or mov … nd left elbow extensors, interhemispheric coherence over cerebral sensorimotor regions evaluated by electroencephalography (EEG) and corticomuscular coherence between signals over the cerebral sensorimotor regions and each extensor were quantified. Overall, results revealed that participants with SCI exhibited (1) increased EMG activity of both active and unintended act …

Heidenhain Version of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Болезнь: первый случай из Восточной Африки.

Болезнь Спорадик Креуцфельдта-Якоба (SCJD) является редким приионным заболеванием, которое вызывает быстро прогрессирующее смертельное нейродедегенерация. Более редкий вариант SCJD Heidenhain имеет визуальные симптомы и редко упоминается в литературе стран Африки к югу от Сахары. Мы сообщаем о случае с 57-летним мужчиной с трехнедельной историей потери направления при езде домой и визуальных галлюцинаций, описываемых как вид на радугу. Магнитный резонансный снимок (MRI) мозга выявил одностороннее париетозащитное гиперинтенситное сульфатное излучение с ограничением на диффузионно взвешенные изо

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is a rare prion disease that causes rapidly progressive fatal neurodegeneration. The rarer Heidenh … parieto-occipital sulcal hyperintensities with restriction on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and electroencephalography (EEG) showed right para-central slowing leading to an initial diagnosis of non-convulsive status epilepticus. He was treated with anti-epileptic medication but was re-admitted less than a month later with worsening spatial memory, aggression, ataxia …

Seizures severity during rewarming can predict seizure outcomes of infants with neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy following therapeutic hypothermia.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine the predictive value of amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) on 12-month seizure outcomes of infants with neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) treated with therapeutic hypothermia. METHODS: We conducted this retrospective cohort study in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit between May 2012 and September 2017. Neonates with HIE who received both therapeutic hypothermia (TH) and aEEG were enrolled. RESULTS: A total of 23 infants (14 boys, nine girls) with a mean gestational age of 38.9 weeks were enrolled. Fifteen (65…

Exploration of Neural Activity under Cognitive Reappraisal Using Simultaneous EEG-fMRI Data and Kernel Canonical Correlation Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Neural activity under cognitive reappraisal can be more accurately investigated using simultaneous EEG- (electroencephalography) fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) than using EEG or fMRI only. Complementary spatiotemporal information can be found from simultaneous EEG-fMRI data to study brain function. METHOD: An effective EEG-fMRI fusion framework is proposed in this work. EEG-fMRI data is simultaneously sampled on fifteen visually stimulated healthy adult participants. Net-station toolbox and empirical mode decomposition are employed for EEG denoising. Sparse spectral …

Postoperative Transient Neurologic Dysfunction: A Proposal for Pathophysiology.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Sudden neurological deterioration which cannot be explained by structural change, ischemia or seizure is often obser … imaging and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging or single photon emission computed tomography, and electroencephalography (EEG) during the episodes and after resolution of the symptoms. RESULTS: The symptoms consisted of dysarthria, hemiparesis, or hemiparesthesia of limbs contralateral to the operated side. These symptoms developed between 12 hours and 8 days after s …

Benefits of starting hypothermia treatment within 6 h vs. 6-12 h in newborns with moderate neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that mild hypothermia treatment of hypoxia-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) should start within 6 h after HIE … eived conventional treatment (lacking informed consent). All newborns received amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) monitoring for 4 h and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) measurement before and after 3 days of therapy. RESULTS: Compared to the conventional treatment, hypothermia significantly improved the aEEG scores and NSE values in all newborns of the < …

Cognitive Function and Neuropsychological Comorbidities in Children with Newly Diagnosed Idiopathic Epilepsy.

BACKGROUND: In this study, we aimed to identify cognitive function and neuropsychological comorbidities in children with newly diagnosed idi … battery and epilepsy classification, lateralization of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) on electroencephalography (EEG), and variables related to seizures. RESULTS: Thirteen patients (14.3%) had ADHD symptoms. Three patients (4.1%) had depressive symptoms, and 9 (12.3%) had anxiety symptoms. Patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) had significantly …

Encephalitis with antibodies against the GABAB receptor: seizures as the most common presentation at admission.

OBJECTIVE: Autoimmune encephalitis associated with antibodies against gamma-aminobutyric-acid B receptor (GABABR) has not been described in … 2/FLAIR signal were present in 2 patients (N = 2; 18.2%), and epileptiform epileptiform activity on electroencephalography were observed in 2 patients (N = 2; 18.2%). Small-cell lung cancer was histologically confirmed in 3 patients (N = 3; 27.3%). Seven patients showed good outcomes (mRS 1-2; N = 7; 63.6%), one patient showed poor neurological status with minimal chang …

Ablation of Type III Adenylyl Cyclase in Mice Causes Reduced Neuronal Activity, Altered Sleep Pattern, and Depression-like Phenotypes.

BACKGROUND: Although major depressive disorder (MDD) has low heritability, a genome-wide association study in humans has recently implicated … conventional AC3 knockout (KO) mice exhibited phenotypes associated with MDD in behavioral assays. Electroencephalography/electromyography recordings indicated that AC3 KO mice have altered sleep patterns characterized by increased percentage of rapid eye movement sleep. AC3 KO mice also exhibit neuronal atrophy. Furthermore, synaptic activity at cornu ammonis 3-cornu …

Neurological involvement in children with E. coli O104:H4-induced hemolytic uremic syndrome.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to analyze the neurological involvement and outcome in pediatric patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) during the 2011 epidemic caused by Escherichia coli O104:H4. METHODS: Clinical data and data from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and electroencephalography (EEG) during the acute phase of the disease and during follow-up at 3 and 6 months were analyzed in 50 patients. Twenty-five of these patients underwent neuropsychological testing (WISC IV) during follow-up. RESULTS: Neurological involvement (stupor or coma, seizures, visual disturban…

Clinical spectrum of early onset epileptic encephalopathies caused by KCNQ2 mutation.

PURPOSE: KCNQ2 mutations have been found in patients with benign familial neonatal seizures, myokymia, or early onset epileptic encephalopathy (EOEE). In this study, we aimed to delineate the clinical spectrum of EOEE associated with KCNQ2 mutation. METHODS: A total of 239 patients with EOEE, including 51 cases with Ohtahara syndrome and 104 cases with West syndrome, were analyzed by high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis or whole-exome sequencing. Detailed clinical information including electroencephalography (EEG) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were collected from patients with …

'North Sea' progressive myoclonus epilepsy: phenotype of subjects with GOSR2 mutation.

We previously identified a homozygous mutation in the Golgi SNAP receptor complex 2 gene (GOSR2) in six patients with progressive myoclonus … had elevated serum creatine kinase levels (median 734 IU) in the context of normal muscle biopsies. Electroencephalography revealed pronounced generalized spike and wave discharges with a posterior predominance and photosensitivity in all patients, with focal EEG features seen in seven patients. The disease course showed a relentless decline; patients uniformly became w …