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[Polymer-modified silica sorbents for molecular sieve chromatography of biopolymers].

N-vinylpyrrolidone-N(2-hydroxy) acrylamide copolymer-modified porous glass was studied as a support for gel permeation chromatography. Influenza, Sendai, fowl plague viruses and rota-viruses were purified by chromatography on the support. As compared with Sepharose 4B the support shows better hydrodynamic properties and yields higher amounts of purified viruses. The support can be also applied to the t-RNA and ribosomes separation.

Meningoencephalitis with toroidal virus-like particles.

A previously healthy middle aged man died following a 6 month illness which presented with middle ear symptoms, apparently resolved, and the … rikarya and dendrites but not in glia. The particles resemble, but are not identical to, the oncornaviruses associated with spontaneous and induced murine neoplasms. The resemblance of these structures to the intracisternal toroidal type "A" virus of murine leukemia is noted and other possible causes for this atypical meningoencephalitis are discussed.

Изучая потенциал южноамериканских арбовирусов для распространения за пределы Нового Света.

ЮНЛАБЕЛЛЕД: Вирусы Зика и Чикунгунья появились в качестве чрезвычайных ситуаций в области общественного здравоохранения в Западном полушарии, где ранее о них не сообщалось в широких масштабах. Миллионы были инфицированы, поскольку после появления вирусов у них практически не было стадного иммунитета. ЦЕЛЬ ОБЗОРА: Мы изучаем историю этих двух недавних событий в Южной Америке, связанных с арбовирусом. Мы также рассматриваем три эндемических вируса Южной Америки: желтую лихорадку, вирус Оропуша и вирусы Майаро. Мы обсуждаем сходство передающих систем и возможность нетипичного появления вируса нов

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
UNLABELLED: Zika and chikungunya viruses emerged as public health emergencies in the Western Hemisphere where previously they had not been reported on a large scale. Millions were infected as the viruses met with virtually no herd immunity upon emergence. PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW: We explore the histories of these two recent arbovirus experiences in South Amer…

Ferret airway epithelial cell cultures support efficient replication of influenza B virus but not mumps virus.

Ferrets have become the model animal of choice for influenza pathology and transmission experiments as they are permissive and susceptible to human influenza A viruses. However, inoculation of ferrets with mumps virus (MuV) did not lead to successful infections. We evaluated the use of highly differentiated ferret tracheal epithelium cell cultures, FTE, for predicting the potential of ferrets to support respiratory viral infections. FTE cultures supported productive replication of human influenza A and B viruses but not of MuV, whereas analogous cells generated from human airways supported rep…

Discarded diversity: novel megaphages, auxiliary metabolic genes, and virally encoded CRISPR-Cas systems in landfills.

BACKGROUND: Viruses are the most abundant microbial entities on the planet, impacting microbial community structure and ecosystem services. Despite outnumbering bacteria and archaea by an order of magnitude, viruses have been comparatively underrepresented in reference databases. Metagenomic examinations have illustrated that viruses of bacteria and archaea have been specifically understudied in engineered environments. Here we employed metagenomic and computational biology methods to examine the diversity, host interactions, and genetic systems of viruses predicted from 27 samples taken from …

A microarray-based pathogen chip for simultaneous molecular detection of transfusion-transmitted infectious agents.

BACKGROUND: New and emerging transfusion-transmitted infections remain a threat to the blood supply. Blood donors are currently screened for … -based platform (pathogen chip) for simultaneous molecular detection of transfusion-transmitted RNA viruses. METHODS: Sixteen RNA viruses that pose a significant risk for transfusion-transmission were selected for inclusion on the pathogen chip. Viruses were targeted for detection by 1769 oligonucleotide probes selected by Agilent eArray software. Differ …

"Differential risk of hospitalization among single virus infections causing influenza-like illnesses".

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory infections are a major cause of morbidity in children and are often caused by viruses. However, the relative severity of illness associated with different viruses is unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of hospitalization from different viruses in children presenting with an influenza-like illness (ILI). METHODS: Data from children 5 years old or younger participating in an ILI natural history study from April 2010 to March 2014 was analyzed. The adjusted odds ratio for hospitalization was estimated in children with infections caused by r…

Долгосрочный мониторинг вирусных антителных титеров в партиях иммуноглобулина, полученных от доноров в Японии.

ВНУТРЕННИЙ Иммуноглобулин (ИВИГ) содержит иммуноглобулин G против различных вирусов, за исключением тех, которые были проверены, таких, как вирусы иммунодефицита человека и гепатита С. Антивирусные титеры отражают серостатус донорской крови в области сбора крови и представляют клинический интерес.В течение последних 10 лет: корь, свинка, краснуха, варицелла-зостер, гепатит А и В, Эпштейн-Барр и синцициальные вирусы человеческого дыхания; вирусы 1, 2 и 3 человека; человеческий герпес простейший вирус 1 и 2; человеческий герпес 6; цитомегаловирус (CMV); человеческие аденовирузы (HAdVs) 1, 2, 3,

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) contains immunoglobulin G against various viruses, except those that have been screened, such as human immunodeficiency and hepatitis C viruses. Antivirus titers reflect the serostatus of the blood donor population in the collection region and are of clinical interest. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: During the past 1…

Уэст-Нил и Сент-Литт. Луи энцефалит вирусные генетические детерминанты способности птичьего хозяина.

Вирус Западного Нила (WNV) и Сент-Йорк Вирус энцефалита Луи (SLEV) энзоотически поддерживается в Северной Америке в циклах, связанных с одними и теми же москитными векторами и похожими птичьими узлами. Однако у птиц эти вирусы отличаются виремиями и вирулентными фенотипами: WNV ассоциируется с виремиями высокой величины, которые могут привести к смертности у некоторых видов, таких, как американские вороны (AMCRs, Corvus brachyrhynchos), в то время как инфекция SLEV вызывает более низкие виремии, не связанные с птичьей смертностью. Перекрестная нейтрализация этих вирусов в птичьей сере была пре

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
West Nile virus (WNV) and St. Louis encephalitis (SLEV) virus are enzootically maintained in North America in cycles involving the same mosquito vectors and similar avian hosts. However, these viruses exhibit dissimilar viremia and virulence phenotypes in birds: WNV is associated with high magnitude viremias that can result in mortality in certain species su…

Viremia and immunogenicity in nonhuman primates of a tetravalent yellow fever-dengue chimeric vaccine: genetic reconstructions, dose adjustment, and antibody responses against wild-type dengue virus isolates.

Chimeric yellow fever (YF)-dengue (DEN) viruses (ChimeriVax-DEN) were reconstructed to correct amino acid substitutions within the envelope genes of original constructs described by Guirakhoo et al. (2001, J. Virol. 75, 7290-7304). Viruses were analyzed and compared to the previous constructs containing mutations in terms of their growth kinetics in Vero cells, neurovirulence in mice, and immunogenicity in monkeys as monovalent or tetravalent formulations. All chimeras grew to high titers [ approximately 7 to 8 log(10), plaque-forming units (PFU)/ml] in Vero cells and were less neurovirulent t…

Outcomes of viral coinfections in infants hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The clinical relevance of the detection of multiple respiratory viruses in acute bronchiolitis (AB) has not been established. Our goal was to evaluate the effect of viral coinfections on the progression and severity of AB. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Spain from September 2012 to March 2020. Infants admitted for AB with at least one respiratory virus identified by molecular diagnostic techniques were included. A comparison was made between single-virus infections and viral coinfections. The evolution and severit…

AnvRV virus in the parasitoid wasp Anagyrus vladimiri: localization, effect on gene expression, and prevalence.

UNLABELLED: Insect-virus associations have been studied extensively in the context of pathogenic viruses transmitted by insects, whereas research on nonpathogenic viruses remains relatively scarce. Recently, we discovered three nonpathogenic RNA viruses in the parasitoid wasp Anagyrus vladimiri: AnvRV, AnvDV, and AnvIfV. Here, using transmission electron microscopy, we detected AnvRV in the wasp oocytes and in a distinct group of cells in the ovaries, which we termed "satellite cells," but not in the venom gland or venom reservoir, indicating that AnvRV is transmitted transovarially. Next, we …

Viral Determinants in H5N1 Influenza A Virus Enable Productive Infection of HeLa Cells.

Influenza A virus (IAV) is a human respiratory pathogen that causes yearly global epidemics, as well as sporadic pandemics due to human adaptation of pathogenic strains. Efficient replication of IAV in different species is, in part, dictated by its ability to exploit the genetic environment of the host cell. To investigate IAV tropism in human cells, we evaluated the replication of IAV strains in a diverse subset of epithelial cell lines. HeLa cells were refractory to the growth of human H1N1 and H3N2 viruses and low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses. Interestingly, a human isolate of …

A parasite odyssey: An RNA virus concealed in Toxoplasma gondii.

We are entering a 'Platinum Age of Virus Discovery', an era marked by exponential growth in the discovery of virus biodiversity, and driven by advances in metagenomics and computational analysis. In the ecosystem of a human (or any animal) there are more species of viruses than simply those directly infecting the animal cells. Viruses can infect all organisms constituting the microbiome, including bacteria, fungi, and unicellular parasites. Thus the complexity of possible interactions between host, microbe, and viruses is unfathomable. To understand this interaction network we must employ comp…

Deep metagenomic characterization of the gut virome in pregnant women with preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy-specific syndrome, has been associated with the gut bacteriome. Here, to investigate the impact of the gut virome on the development of PE, we identified over 8,000 nonredundant viruses from the fecal metagenomes of 40 early-onset PE and 37 healthy pregnant women and profiled their abundances. Comparison and correlation analysis showed that PE-enriched viruses frequently connected to Blautia species enriched in PE. By contrast, bacteria linked to PE-depleted viruses were often the Bacteroidaceae members such as Bacteroides spp., Phocaeicola spp., Parabacteroides …

Antiestrogen use reduces risk of cervical neoplasia in breast cancer patients: a population-based study.

We investigated the potential use and quantification of human enteric viruses in municipal wastewater samples of Winnipeg (Manitoba, Canada) as alternative indicators of contamination and evaluated the processing stages of the wastewater treatment plant. During the fall 2019 and winter 2020 seasons, samples of raw sewage, activated sludge, effluents, and biosolids (sludge cake) were collected from the North End Sewage Treatment Plant (NESTP), which is the largest wastewater treatment plant in the City of Winnipeg. DNA (Adenovirus and crAssphage) and RNA enteric viruses (Pepper mild mottle viru…

The cumulative burden of double-stranded DNA virus detection after allogeneic HCT is associated with increased mortality.

Strategies to prevent active infection with certain double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) are limited by incomplete understanding of their epidemiology and clinical impact. We retrospectively tested weekly plasma samples from allogeneic HCT recipients at our center from 2007 to 2014. We used quantitative PCR to test for cytomegalovirus, BK polyomavirus, human herpesvirus 6B, HHV-6A, adenovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus between days 0 and 100 post-HCT. We evaluated risk factors for detection of multiple viruses and association of viruses wit…

Viral and atypical bacterial aetiologies of infection in hospitalised patients admitted with clinical suspicion of influenza in Thailand, Vietnam and Indonesia.

BACKGROUND: Influenza constitutes a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is limited information about the aetiology of … pitalised with suspected influenza from Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam were tested for respiratory viruses and atypical bacteria by polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: A total of 1222 patients' samples were tested. Of 1222, 776 patients (63·5%) were under the age of 5. Viruses detected included rhinoviruses in 229 of 1222 patients (18·7%), bocaviruses i …

In ovo and in vitro susceptibility of American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) to avian influenza virus infection.

Avian influenza has emerged as one of the most ubiquitous viruses within our biosphere. Wild aquatic birds are believed to be the primary reservoir of all influenza viruses; however, the spillover of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and the recent swine-origin pandemic H1N1 viruses have sparked increased interest in identifying and understanding which and how many species can be infected. Moreover, novel influenza virus sequences were recently isolated from New World bats. Crocodilians have a slow rate of molecular evolution and are the sister group to birds; thus they are a logic…

Characterization of uncultivable bat influenza virus using a replicative synthetic virus.

Bats harbor many viruses, which are periodically transmitted to humans resulting in outbreaks of disease (e.g., Ebola, SARS-CoV). Recently, influenza virus-like sequences were identified in bats; however, the viruses could not be cultured. This discovery aroused great interest in understanding the evolutionary history and pandemic potential of bat-influenza. Using synthetic genomics, we were unable to rescue the wild type bat virus, but could rescue a modified bat-influenza virus that had the HA and NA coding regions replaced with those of A/PR/8/1934 (H1N1). This modified bat-influenza virus …