Результаты поиска

[Alternaria tenuissima plurifocal cutaneous infection].

INTRODUCTION: Multiple skin localization of phaeohyphomycoses are rare and are encountered in immunodepressed subjects. We report a case due to Alternaria tenuissima in a patient given corticosteroids and IgA deficiency. CASE REPORT: A 73-year-old man presented with ulceronecrotic lesions on the two lower limbs which had developed over 15 days and poor general health. He had been taking corticosteroids for retroperitoneal fibrosis for 15 days. Skin biopsies demonstrated monoclonal dysglobulinaemia with IgG kappa and IgA deficiency. Itraconazol treatment was successful. DISCUSSION: Identifica

Cytokines in the treatment of fungal infections.

The incidence of invasive fungal infections in the immunocompromized host has increased during the past decade. Even the recently developed antifungal drugs are unable to cure these infections in patients with severely impaired host defense mechanisms. Cytokines have great potential to augment host resistance and as adjunctive therapy of invasive mycoses. We discuss the mechanisms of host defense against invasive candidiasis, aspergillosis, and cryptococcosis, and review the use of cytokines and growth factors in this setting. Interleukin-1 has been shown effective in an animal model of dissem

Pediatric fungal infections from head to toe: what's new?

This review highlights recent advances in the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and pathophysiology of cutaneous fungal infections in childhood, from tinea capitis to tinea pedis. Emphasis is placed on a practical approach to caring for children with superficial fungal infections. New antifungal agents are reviewed and their potential importance discussed. Brief mention is made of some ordinarily benign cutaneous fungal pathogens that may, in some settings, cause systemic infections.

Management of uveitis.

The management of uveitis continues to rely on the relatively nonspecific use of topical, periocular, and systemic steroids. A notable exception is infectious causes of uveitis, which often require specific antimicrobial agents. This is particularly true in immunosuppressed patients in whom infectious diseases such as toxoplasmosis and herpes zoster may have atypical and fulminant clinical courses necessitating early therapeutic intervention. Analysis of local antibody production in the aqueous or vitreous humor may aid in the diagnosis. Severe forms of endogenous uveitis such as Behçet's dise

Concurrent bloodstream infection with Histoplasma capsulatum and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

An immunosuppressed patient is the first to be reported with both histoplasmal fungemia and tuberculous bacteremia, emphasizing the need to consider polymicrobial infection in such patients and the utility of lysis-centrifugation and radiometric blood culture techniques.

[Hospital spread of scabies from an immunocompromised patient with Norwegian scabies].

Scabies was first found in a 71-year-old female who had been diagnosed as having leukemic transformation of primary myelofibrosis and had undergone treatment for the disease. She was admitted to the hospital in December 1986, because of abdominal fullness and a generalized subcutaneous tumor that proved to be myeloblastoma. For treatment of the underlying disease, the regimen of the combination of vindesine, cyclophosphamide, 6-mercaptopurine, and prednisolone was selected. She developed cardiac failure and fell into a coma one month after starting the anticancer therapy. She was put on artifi

[Cat-scratch disease].

Cat-scratch disease is usually a self-limited illness characterized by regional lymphadenopathy and a skin inoculation lesion. These findings generally resolve spontaneously over a period of several weeks or months. The discovery of the causative organism, an intracellular gram-negative rod and the recognition of severe systemic courses in immuno-compromised patients have renewed the interest in this disease. We report a prolonged clinical course with lymph node suppuration in an immunocompetent patient. The diagnosis was confirmed by the detection of the organism in Warthin-Starry silver stai

[An Uncommon Case of Pneumonia].

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is a common cause of respiratory disease in immunocompromised hosts. We describe a case of an HIV negative, immunocompetent patient and discuss the probable cause.

Bowel infarction due to intestinal mucormycosis in an immunocompetent patient.

Mucormycosis is a fatal opportunistic fungal infection that typically occurs in immunocompromised patients. The classical manifestation of mucormycosis is a rhinocerebral infection, and although primary gastrointestinal infection is uncommon, it has an extremely high mortality rate in immunocompromised patients. Furthermore, cases of gastrointestinal mucormycosis in an immunocompetent host are rarely reported. Here, we describe our experience of a male patient, with no underlying disease, who succumbed to a bowel infarction caused by intestinal mucormycosis during mechanical ventilatory care f

Fatal amebic encephalitis caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris in an immunocompetent host: a clinicopathological review of pathogenic free-living amebae in human hosts.

Encephalitis caused by Balamuthia amebic species is an increasingly recognized chronic granulomatous infectious process that may affect both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. The course of the disease is insidious but fatal in most cases, mainly because of delayed diagnosis, difficulty in isolation and/or identification of the organism, and lack of well-established therapeutic regimens. We report a fatal case of Balamuthia mandrillaris chronic granulomatous encephalitis in an immunocompromised host and review the clinicopathologic characteristics of infections caused by this a…

Смертельная вирусная инфекция Западного Нила после ритуксимаба/флударабина, вызванная ремиссией лимфомы не Ходжкина.

Заражение вирусом Западного Нила (WNV) потенциально угрожает жизни в иммунокомпромиссных хозятах. В настоящее время лучшим диагностическим тестом является серология. Тест на цепную реакцию полимеразы (RT-PCR) имеет определенную роль, однако, поскольку WNV является нейротропическим вирусом, связанным с клетками, результаты RT-PCR часто являются отрицательными даже в случае активной инфекции. Мы представим случай, когда результаты серологии были неизменно отрицательными, потому что пациент был иммунокомпромиссирован после лечения лимфомы. Обсуждается также роль юморального иммунитета в урегулиро

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
West Nile virus (WNV) infections are potentially life threatening in immunocompromised hosts. Currently, the best diagnostic test is serology. Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing has a role, but, because WNV is a cell-associated neurotropic virus, RT-PCR results are frequently negative even in cases of active infection. We presen…

[Fatal varicella pneumonia unresponsive to acyclovir therapy in a child with a malignancy].

Acyclovir has become the drug of choice for prevention of visceral dissemination of Varicella-zoster virus infections in immunocompromised individuals. This article describes a 6-year-old girl taking cytotoxic therapy and radiotherapy for treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma who developed cutaneous varicella infection. Despite the early administration of acyclovir a fatal varicella pneumonia occurred and she died on the 4th day of hospitalization. Since the resistance is inducible, the increase of unresponsiveness to acyclovir in immunocompromised hosts with varicella infection is a potential risk th…

Safety of tuberculosis-preventive treatment in children aged under 5 years: A rapid review.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to synthesize evidence on the safety of tuberculosis-preventive treatment (TPT) in children aged <5 years, including those with immunocompromising conditions. METHODS: A rapid review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Virtual Health Library, and the Cochrane Library, including systematic reviews and primary studies. RESULTS: Five studies were included, assessing isoniazid-based regimens. Adverse events were mild and reversible, such as transient liver enzyme elevations and peripheral neuropathy. Severe hepatotoxicity was rare and primarily reported in children w

Case Report: Destructive deep infection of the foot caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum leading to great toe amputation.

We report an invasive deep-tissue infection caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum in a diabetic patient in China. Although typically a phytopathogen restricted to superficial human infections, it caused rapid necrosis necessitating hallux amputation. This case highlights the need for clinical awareness regarding the pathogenic potential of N. dimidiatum in immunocompromised hosts.

[Vaccination of immunocompromised individuals: Expert opinion - update 2026].

Immunosuppression of various origins is associated with an increased risk of infections and infection-triggered morbidity and mortality. Vaccination, therefore, plays a central role in the care of immunosuppressed individuals by protecting against vaccine-preventable diseases.Based on the available evidence as well as immunological and theoretical considerations, an expert statement on vaccination in immunocompromised individuals was first formulated in 2016. These recommendations have herewith been comprehensively updated and expanded. The aim is to provide a practice-oriented, indication- an