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Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species trigger calcium increases during hypoxia in pulmonary arterial myocytes.

We hypothesized that mitochondria function as the O2 sensors underlying hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction by releasing reactive oxygen spec … 2 fluorescence, indicating an increase in [Ca2+]i. In superfused PA myocytes, diphenyleneiodonium, rotenone, and myxothiazol, which inhibit the proximal region of the ETC, attenuated hypoxia-induced calcium increases. Antimycin A and cyanide, which inhibit the distal region of the ETC, failed to abolish hypoxia-induced [Ca2+]i increases. To test whether m …

Energy-dependent injury to cultured sinusoidal endothelial cells of the rat liver in UW solution.

The critical injury to liver during cold preservation is believed to occur to the sinusoidal endothelium. In this study the viability of cul … ther experiments showed that other inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP formation (antimycin A 1 microM, rotenone 1 microM, oligomycin 10 microM, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone 1 microM) were protective as well, whereas glucose (10 mM) greatly diminished the protective effect of cyanide (loss of viability 38 +/- 7% after 24 hr). ATP measurements confi …

Proximal tubule hydrogen ion transport processes in diuretic-induced metabolic alkalosis.

Transport systems involved in proximal tubule HCO-3 reabsorption were examined in disaggregated renal cortical tubules from rabbits with metabolic alkalosis. The acid-base disorder was induced by first treating the animals with furosemide, and then maintaining them on low Cl--high HCO-3 diets. On this regimen, the rabbits had increases in blood pH and total CO2 values and decreases in serum K+ concentrations. Urine Cl- concentrations were less than 15 mEq/L in all cases. Na+-H+ exchange was evaluated by incubating tubules in rotenone in an Na+-free medium to deplete them of Na+ and adenosine t…

Apple derived extracellular vesicles as positive modulators of glial inflammation and gut-brain axis signaling.

Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) are emerging as bioactive dietary particles with the capacity to modulate mammalian physiology. … pable of encapsulating L-DOPA efficiently, ADEVs fail to deliver functional neuroprotection against rotenone toxicity, indicating limited neuronal compatibility for dopaminergic cargo. In parallel, using advanced in vitro colon simulation platforms, ADEVs modulate the colonic microbiome in a dose-dependent manner, promoting carbohydrate fermentation and sh …

Consensus Molecules Associated with Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) has been associated with some types of food and drugs. Here, we query PubMed for the association of PD with foods a … probenecid (4%), quinolinic acid (4%), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (TIQ, 16%), salsolinol (32%), rotenone (25%), and β-Methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA, 29%). Notably, our study highlights conditional essential endogenous cofactors associated with PD and emphasizes rational directions for investigation in PD.

Nerolidol-potential Therapeutic Agent for Various Neurological Disorders via its Antioxidative Property.

Neurological disorders are devastating conditions affecting both cognitive and motorrelated functions in aged people. Yet there is no proper … and hippocampal damage via enhancing antioxidant expression. Also, it shows neuroprotection against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting microglial activation. Another study reported that nerolidol shows antiepileptic effects in animal models by suppressing kindling-induced memory impairment by decreasing oxidative stress. It has been found that NR …

Genomic-Encoded Mitovirus RdRp Is Required for Embryo Development and Maintaining Mitochondrial Dynamics in Arabidopsis.

Mitoviral-derived sequences are frequently detected in plant genomes, encoding an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). These sequences share … Phenotypic assays further showed that mRdRp mutants displayed heightened susceptibility to ABA and rotenone, indicating impaired adaptive capacity to both hormonal and metabolic stress. Loss of mRdRp led to fragmented mitochondrial networks and a significant reduction in mitochondrial abundance in both leaf protoplasts and root meristematic cells. Additio …

Glycolytic reprogramming impairs chondrocyte function in broilers with femoral head necrosis.

Cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) destruction is a hallmark of femoral head necrosis (FHN) in broilers. Chondrocytes undergo metabolic re … itochondrial dynamics and decreased ATP production. Furthermore, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) or rotenone treatment was used to mimic the metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, resulting in downregulation of matrix synthesis genes and upregulation of matrix degradation genes in CON primary chondrocytes. Glycolysis inhibition suppr …

Mitochondrial respiratory chain regulates HBV clearance through dual modulation of lysosomal acidification.

Mitochondria are vital for maintaining cellular homeostasis. However, mitochondrial damage is evident in patients with chronic hepatitis B ( … oth in vitro and in vivo. Moderate inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory complex I activity using rotenone (Rot) increased HBV replication and decreased autophagic degradation capacity in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, elevated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) levels by Rot treatment or SOD2 knockdown led to deteriorated lysosomal membr …

Metabolomics-based analysis of nitric oxide regulation of ginseng herb quality.

BACKGROUND: Ginsenosides, the primary active ingredients in Panax ginseng, are secondary metabolites. However, their content varies signific … Nitric oxide influenced P. ginseng metabolism, with 24 metabolites showing significant differences. Rotenone, lactic acid, and gluconic acid, which are involved in ROS metabolism, increased significantly, whereas tyrosine decreased. Metabolites involved in secondary metabolic pathways, including campesterol, ginsenosides Rh1, Rb1, Rc, Rd, Rg3, phenylalanin …

FABP3 Aggravates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Promoting Mitochondrial Lipid Accumulation and Enhancing BAX-Dependent Apoptosis.

We previously demonstrated that fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) is significantly upregulated in ischemic neurons, and its inhibition mitigates ischemic brain injury in mice and attenuates mitochondrial damage under rotenone-induced oxidative stress. These findings suggest a potential role for FABP3 in mitochondrial dysfunction in ischemic neurons, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we further investigated the role of FABP3 in mitochondrial injury and apoptosis in ischemic neurons. Our findings indicated that FABP3 deficiency significantly decreased infarct v…

Разработка доклинической платформы человека для идентификации нетронутых охранных соединений.

Множественный склероз (MS) является наиболее распространенным воспалительным и демиелинизирующим заболеванием, влияющим на центральную нервную систему (КНС). В то время как иммуномодилизующие препараты могут предотвратить новые повреждения, реагируя на лимфоцитную активность, лечение не зависящих от рецидива заболеваний по-прежнему сопряжено с трудностями. Продолжительная воспаление CNS, приводящее к аксоновому и нейронному повреждению, а также к отсутствию компенсационных механизмов, таких, как пластичность мозга и воспаление, стимулирует развитие болезни. Таким образом, срочно необходимо иде

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common inflammatory and demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). While immune-m … e demonstrated that pioglitazone and minocycline protected against glutamate-induced axonal injury, rotenone-induced neuronal death and promoted oligodendrocyte differentiation. Proteomic analyses suggest that pioglitazone's neuroprotective effect may involve reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production via PGC-1α and stabilizing axonal …

Exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics promotes premature cellular senescence through mitochondrial ROS production and dysfunction in pre-differentiated skeletal myoblasts.

Nanoplastics (NPs) are emerging environmental contaminants present in atmospheric, freshwater, and aquatic environments. NPs can rapidly per … g mitochondrial membrane depolarization, content loss, fragmentation, and decreased ATP production. Rotenone, a mitochondrial function inhibitor, and exacerbated PS-NP-induced cell proliferation inhibition, whereas Mito-TEMPO, a mitochondrial superoxide scavenger, restored the cell proliferation rate and rescued cellular senescence. Therefore, our findings …

FRI-1 Is an Anti-Cancer Isoquinolinequinone That Inhibits the Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Blocks Metabolic Shifts by Redox Disruption in Breast Cancer Cells.

Since breast cancer (BC) cells are dependent on mitochondrial bioenergetics for promoting proliferation, survival, and metastasis, mitochond … ral mitochondria, FRI-1 increases Complex I and III-dependent OCR state 2, and this is sensitive to rotenone and antimycin A inhibitor additions, suggesting a redox cycling event. Remarkably, α-ketoglutarate and lipoic acid supplementation reversed and promoted, respectively, the FRI-1-induced apoptosis, suggesting that mitochondrial redox disruption affec …

Levodopa-Reduced Mucuna pruriens Seed Extract Shows Neuroprotective Effects against Parkinson's Disease in Murine Microglia and Human Neuroblastoma Cells, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Drosophila melanogaster.

Mucuna pruriens (Mucuna) has been prescribed in Ayurveda for various brain ailments including 'kampavata' (tremors) or Parkinson's disease ( … urotoxin, methyl-4-phenylpyridinium. MPE (40 μg/mL) ameliorated dopaminergic neurotoxin (6-OHDA and rotenone) induced precipitation of innate negative geotaxis behavior of D. melanogaster by 35.3 and 32.8%, respectively. Therefore, MPE contains bioactive compounds, beyond L-dopa, which may impart neuroprotective effects against PD.

Methylene Blue Counteracts H2S-Induced Cardiac Ion Channel Dysfunction and ATP Reduction.

We have previously demonstrated that methylene blue (MB) counteracts the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) cardiotoxicity by improving cardi … membrane potential (∆ψm) and oxygen consumption rate in myocytes in which Complex I was blocked by rotenone. We conclude that MB ameliorated H2S-induced cardiomyocyte toxicity at multiple levels: (1) reversing excitation-contraction coupling defects (Ca2+ homeostasis and L-type Ca2+ channels); (2) reducing risks of arrhythmias (Em, APD, INaCa and depolari …

Targeted imaging of activated caspase-3 in the central nervous system by a dual functional nano-device.

The activation of caspase-3 mediated neuron death is a common process in neurodegenerative diseases. Efficient activated caspase-3 imaging in brain would be helpful to monitor the potential lesion and intervene promptly. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the major obstacle that hinders the delivery of diagnostic agents into the brain. Herein, the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was successfully applied to detect in vivo activated caspase-3 in apoptotic neuron with a brain-targeted nano-device, which was based on dendrigraft poly-L-lysines (DGLs) and linked with a brain-ta

Chronic Akt blockade aggravates pathological hypertrophy and inhibits physiological hypertrophy.

The attenuation of adverse myocardial remodeling and pathological left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy is one of the hallmarks for improving the prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI). The protein kinase Akt plays a central role in regulating cardiac hypertrophy, but the in vivo effects of chronic pharmacological inhibition of Akt are unknown. We investigated the effect of chronic Akt blockade with deguelin on the development of pathological [MI and aortic banding (AB)] and physiological (controlled treadmill running) hypertrophy. Primary cardiomyocyte cultures were incubated with 10 μmol deg

Is the ubiquinone pool in the respiratory chain of the bacterium Paracoccus denitrificans really unhomogeneous?

We have established the participation of a mobile redox pool in the respiratory chain of anaerobically grown bacterium Paracoccus denitrificans. In testing the kinetical homogeneity of the pool it was found that the ratio of fluxes of electron transport toward the terminal acceptors oxygen and nitrate was coincident for the respiratory substrates NADH and succinate; this provides evidence against the preferential link of one dehydrogenase with a distinct terminal enzyme through the separate pool of ubiquinone. The deviation from the expected behavior observed in comparing the titration of NADH