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Amplification of atherosclerotic calcification and Mönckeberg's sclerosis: a spectrum of the same disease process.

Autopsy studies have shown the near universal presence of fatty streaks and fibroatheromas in the general population from which chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients arise. The vast majority of CKD patients have multiple conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Atherosclerosis, once present, can predominantly manifest as medial calcification, which has been previously termed Mönckeberg's sclerosis. This term has also been used in rare cases to describe vascular calcinosis not related to CKD. This clarification is critical to advance the field in terms of pathological diagnosis and treatment o

Resolution of partial cataplexy in multiple sclerosis by treatment with weak electromagnetic fields.

Cataplexy, an ancillary symptom of narcolepsy, involves the sudden loss of muscle tone without altered consciousness usually brought on by s … dilhac, 1985; Aldrich, 1992; 1993). This report concerns a 51 year old man with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis who exhibited daily episodes of partial cataplexy which resolved within 3 weeks after he received treatment with picotesla electromagnetic fields.

Сигналы анизотропии диффузии медленно расширяющихся повреждений предсказывают прогресс, не зависящий от активности рецидива при множественном склерозе.

КОЛИЧЕСТВО: Медленно расширяющиеся повреждения (SELs) при множественных склерозах (MS) являются признаками хронических активных повреждений и, как представляется, приводят к инвалидности. Цель этого исследования заключалась в анализе пространственных особенностей SEL путем распространения MRI и их клинического воздействия на прогресс, независимо от активности рецидивов (PIRA). МЕТОДЫ: С 2011 года проводится наблюдение за темами НР; для их включения требуется по меньшей мере три продольных Т1/Т2-веса и МРТ с диффузионным весом. Темы следовали клиническим оценкам с использованием многоразового с

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Slowly expanding lesions (SELs) in multiple sclerosis (MS) are markers of chronic active lesions and seem to trigger disability. This study aimed to analyse spatial features of SELs through diffusion MRI and their clinical impact on progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA). METHODS: An observational study of MS subjects prospectively f…

Stage-Specific Gene Expression Profiles in Multiple Sclerosis Cortical Lesions Identified via Spatial Transcriptomics.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by demyelinating lesions in the central nervous system. While animal models have provided insights into lesion development, human-based studies remain limited. This study investigated the molecular landscape of gray matter lesions at different stages using spatial transcriptomics. Post-mortem cortical tissue from MS patients was analyzed to examine gene expression in lesions classified as early active, chronic active, or chronic inactive based on myelin integrity and macrophage/microglia activity. Distinct transcriptomic p…

Dimethyl fumarate ameliorates chronic graft-versus-host disease by inhibiting Tfh differentiation via Nrf2.

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), characterized by chronic tissue inflammation and fibrosis involving multiple organs, remains a major complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an anti-inflammatory drug approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and psoriasis. We previously reported that DMF effectively inhibits acute GVHD (aGVHD) while preserving the graft-versus-leukemia effect. However, the role of DMF in cGVHD progression remains unknown. Here, we found that DMF administration significantly suppresses follic…

Predictors of effectiveness of multidisciplinary rehabilitation treatment on motor dysfunction in multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVES: To identify clinical predictors of effectiveness of a motor rehabilitation treatment in a cohort of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analysed 212 consecutive patients who underwent a short-term (3-7 weeks) intensive (two hours per day, five days per week), individualised, goal-oriented inpatient rehabilitation program. Activity limitation and impairment were measured on admission and discharge of the rehabilitation trial using the motor sub-items of the Functional Independence Measure (mFIM) and the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score. Multivar…

[Clinical course of multiple sclerosis in patients treated with cytostatic drugs for cancer].

INTRODUCTION: The risk of side effects secondary to global and non-specific immune suppression has limited the systematic application of immunosuppressive therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, when a patient with MS develops a cancer, cytostatic drugs as treatment for the neoplastic process may induce improvement not only of the cancer but also of MS. CASE REPORTS: We present a series of four women with clinically defined MS and subjected to cytostatic therapy (cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, leukovorin, adriamycin, tamoxifen and anastrozole) after the development of cancer: two presented b…

Bioactive Phytochemicals in Experimental Models of Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Translational Potential.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system marked by inflammatory demyelination and progressive neurodegeneration. Although current immunomodulatory therapies can reduce relapse rates, they are often associated with limited long-term efficacy and adverse effects, highlighting the need for safer and more comprehensive complementary approaches. Dietary bioactive phytochemicals-notably, the polyphenols epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), curcumin, and resveratrol-have demonstrated potential to modulate the immune and inflammatory pathways implicated in M…

Связанная с Натализумабом прогрессивная многофукальная лейкоэнцефалопатия.

Прогрессивная многофукальная лейкоэнцефалопатия (PML) — демиелионирующая болезнь мозга, вызванная инфекцией олигодендроцитов вирусом JC (JCV), которая обычно происходит в связи с дефектами клеточного иммунитета. Клиническое представление PML зависит от области его воздействия в центральной нервной системе и может включать в себя широкий спектр недостатков, таких, как слабый фокус, трудности речи, визуальные изменения, когнитивные нарушения или атаксия. В то время как эта болезнь была впервые описана у пациентов с клеточными аномалиями B (лимфома Ходжкинса и хроническая лимфоцитная лейкемия), б

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease of the brain resulting from infection of oligodendrocytes by JC … nodeficiency virus, may predispose to the disorder. From 2005 on, PML was observed in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and Crohn's disease being treated with natalizumab, a monoclonal antibody inhibiting α4β1 and α4β7 integrins. Risk factors for PML development were identified, and an effective risk mitigation strategy chiefly predicated on the JCV antibody ind …

Exploring the therapeutic and rehabilitative role of transcranial magnetic stimulation in multiple sclerosis.

UNLABELLED: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease characterized by inflammation, lesions, demyelination, and axonal damage. Approximately 2.8 million people globally have MS. Many pharmacological agents can reduce relapsing-remitting episodes, but are ineffective on secondary progressive MS, causing symptoms to worsen over time. MS patients have significant impairment in neurophysiological factors such as demyelination and the balance between inhibitory and excitatory synaptic interactions. These impairments disrupt normal communication between neurons …

Литиум как лекарство от биполярного расстройства.

Литий — это классическое, первичное лечение биполярного расстройства, которое, как ни парадоксально, с течением времени использовалось реже, особенно в Северной Америке, что противоречит накопившимся доказательствам его эффективности. Биполярное расстройство все чаще воспринимается как хроническое, потенциально прогрессивное состояние, ухудшающееся и ускоряющееся каждым эпизодом настроения, которое может быть похоже на множественный склероз или ревматоидный артрит как состояние, требующее коррекции заболеваний для изменения траектории болезни. В этом личном взгляде мы утверждаем, что литий дей

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Lithium is a classic, primary treatment for bipolar disorder that has paradoxically been used less over time, especially in North America, w … tentially progressive condition worsened and accelerated by each mood episode, which might resemble multiple sclerosis or rheumatoid arthritis as a condition that requires disease-modifying treatments to change illness trajectory. In this Personal View, we argue that lithium acts like a disease-modifying drug in bipolar disorder. Although the pathophysiology of bipo …

Systemic Lymphoma Masquerading as Multiple Sclerosis Relapse.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated central nervous system disease that can affect both the brain and spinal cord. Given that MS can occur at any location in the brain or spinal cord and can lead to a variety of symptoms, this can lead to difficulty in diagnosing MS versus other conditions mimicking MS. Here we present a case of a 69-year-old female with a history of relapsing-remitting MS diagnosed in 2002 and melanoma status post-excision who exhibited progressive neurological decline over eight weeks characterized by right internuclear ophthalmoplegia, bilateral ataxia, and…

Lichen Sclerosus: A Current Landscape of Autoimmune and Genetic Interplay.

Lichen sclerosus (LS) is an acquired chronic inflammatory dermatosis predominantly affecting the anogenital area with recalcitrant itching a … irway allergies, T-cell and B-cell activation, and the demyelinating central nervous system disease multiple sclerosis, to facilitate sharing the concept as a plausible therapeutic target of this attractive molecule.

Bodyweight Measures and Lifestyle Habits in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis and Moderate to Severe Disability.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease marked by progressive disability and decreased mobility over time. We studied whether individuals with MS of higher disability levels will be more overweight/obese as a result of their immobility and/or recurrent steroid treatments. In a prospective study, 130 individuals with MS and significant disability were classified according to the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score as belonging to four groups: EDSS 3.0-4.0 (n = 31, 24%), EDSS 4.5-5.5 (n = 24, 18%), EDSS = 6.0 (n = 44, 34%) and EDSS ≥ 6.5 (n = 31, 24%). Medical history, body mass i…

[Multiple sclerosis fatigue, its neural correlates, and its modulation with tDCS].

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive and inflammatory disease of the central nervous system and causes high rates of non-traumatic disability in young adults. Fatigue is frequently reported by a major part of patients during the disease course and dramatically increases the burden of illness. Despite the high prevalence of fatigue and its enormous impact on quality of life, its pathophysiological mechanisms are still unclear. Its etiology is multifactorial and complex, and is usually classified into 'primary' fatigue resulting from the pathological brain changes versus 'secondary' …

Enhanced remyelination following lysolecithin-induced demyelination in mice under treatment with fingolimod (FTY720).

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive demyelinating disorder which affects the central nervous system (CNS) and is recognized as the major cause of nervous system disability in young adults. Enhancing myelin repair by stimulating endogenous progenitors is a main goal in efforts for MS treatment. Fingolimod (FTY720) which is administrated as an oral medicine for relapsing-remitting MS has direct effects on neural cells. In this study, we hypothesized if daily treatment with FTY720 enhances endogenous myelin repair in a model of local demyelination induced by lysolecithin (LPC). We e…

[Progress of Autoantibody Examinations for Connective Tissue Diseases].

Connective tissue diseases are chronic inflammatory diseases that can affect multiple organs and, thus, have a broad spectrum of clinical presentations. Various autoantibodies are detected in patients with connective tissue diseases, represented by anti-nuclear antibody for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM), Sjögren's syndrome, and mixed connective tissue disease. Assessment of the autoantibody profile is fundamental for the clinical management of patients with connective tissue diseases, providing important data for the diagnosi

New approaches in the management of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by an extensive and complex immune response. Scientific advances have occurred in immunology, pathophysiology, and diagnostic and clinical assessment tools, and recent discovery of unique therapeutic targets has spurred numerous Phase II and Phase III clinical trials. Reductions in MS relapse rates and improvements in T₂ or gadolinium-enhancing lesion burdens have been reported from Phase III trials that include fingolimod, alemtuzumab, cladribine, and rituximab. Promising Phase II trial data…

Novel isolated cerebral ALlambda amyloid angiopathy with widespread subcortical distribution and leukoencephalopathy due to atypical monoclonal plasma cell proliferation, and terminal systemic gammopathy.

Neuropathologic and biochemical findings in a 34-year-old man whose disease began 2 years before death appearing as chronic progressive ence … ry intracerebral plasmacytoma, primary intracerebral lymphoma with plasmacytic differentiation, and multiple sclerosis with demyelination-associated amyloid deposition.

Demyelination following transfer of human lymphocytes into mice with severe combined immunodeficiency.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease in humans. We investigated adoptive transfer of demyelinating lesions into severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice via injection of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from MS patients. PBLs from chronic progressive MS patients were injected 2-7 times at monthly intervals into 8-week-old or newborn SCID mice (n = 51). Immunocompetent mice (n = 10) were injected with similar PBLs from MS patients. Other SCID mice (n = 17) were injected with PBLs obtained from healthy human donors. Mice were sacrificed (2-8 wee…