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Characteristics of tet(X4)-Producing Escherichia coli in Chicken and Pig Farms in Hunan Province, China.

BACKGROUND: The plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) confers a high level of resistance to tigecycline. The experiment aims … ng strains exhibited six distract STs, such as ST10, 202, ST218, ST362, ST2077, ST7068. The plasmid replicon types carrying tet(X4) were the hybrid plasmid IncFIA(HI1)/IncHIA/IncHIB(R27) (5/6) and IncX1 (1/6). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of similar genetic environments in E. coli from different cities suggests there may be horizontal transmission pathways p …

Identification of an Oligostilbene, Vaticanol B, from Dryobalanops aromatica Leaves as an Antiviral Compound against the Hepatitis C Virus.

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection can lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although current medications using direc … ficantly suppressed HCV replication and HCV protein expression in HCV-infected and a subgenomic HCV replicon cells. Thus, the results clearly demonstrated that vaticanol B acted mainly on the viral entry step, while acting weakly on the post-entry step as well. Furthermore, co-treatment of the HCV NS5A inhibitor daclatasvir with vaticanol B increased the a …

Molecular Characteristics of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Diseased Captive Giant Pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in China.

Objectives: To characterize the antimicrobial resistance and virulence of pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from diseased captive giant p … more than eight antibiotics and carried the blaCTX-M-55 or blaCTX-M-105 gene in different sizes of replicon-type plasmids (pAMSH1-IncHI2, 257 kb; pAMPD2-IncFII, 89 kb; pAMPD02-IncFIB, 129 kb; and pAMSC4-IncN, 47 kb). Distinct insertional sequences and transposases were identified up-/downstream of blaCTX-Ms, including IS26, ISEcp1, ISKpn72, IS903B, and Tn …

Advancing the Rose Rosette Virus Minireplicon and Encapsidation System by Incorporating GFP, Mutations, and the CMV 2b Silencing Suppressor.

Plant infecting emaraviruses have segmented negative strand RNA genomes and little is known about their infection cycles due to the lack of molecular tools for reverse genetic studies. Therefore, we innovated a rose rosette virus (RRV) minireplicon containing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene to study the molecular requirements for virus replication and encapsidation. Sequence comparisons among RRV isolates and structural modeling of the RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and nucleocapsid (N) revealed three natural mutations of the type species isolate that we reverted to the common sp…

Emergence of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene, tet(X4), in Escherichia fergusonii from pigs.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify tigecycline-resistant tet(X4)-bearing Escherichia fergusonii isolated from pigs in China with a com … HiSeq and Nanopore GridION platforms. The antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes virulence genes and replicon types of plasmids were predicted by the CGE server. RESULTS: E. fergusonii EF21QZZ116 was identified from 760 faecal and caecal content samples and was resistant to tigecycline, tetracycline, ampicillin, sulfisoxazole, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole …

Prevalence of the NTEKPC-I on IncF Plasmids Among Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in Jiangxi Province, South China.

Infection caused by carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKP) has become a tricky health care threat in China and K … diated quinolone resistance determinants (qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr). After plasmid analyses of PCR-based replicon typing (PBRT), mapping PCR, amplicon sequencing, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) were used to analyze the genetic environment of the blaKPC-2 gene. PCR analysis of pLVPK-like plasmids, Southern Blot, and mouse lethality assay were used to characte …

Genetic characterization of coliform bacterial isolates from environmental water in Thailand.

INTRODUCTION: In contrast to the study in other part of the world, information about characteristics of plasmids carrying antimicrobial resi … ycline, and nalidixic acid were assessed. In addition, antimicrobial resistant genes integrons, and replicon types were analyzed. And furthermore, plasmids carrying blaTEM and tetM were identified by S1-PFGE analysis and confirmed transmissibility by transconjugation experiments. RESULTS: In 130 coliform bacteria isolated, 89 were resistant to cefazoline …

Вектор широкого спектра клонирования, который существует как в качестве интегрированного элемента, так и свободного плазмида в хламидии трахомати.

Плазмидная трансформация хламидии создала новые возможности для изучения взаимодействия хостинг-микроб во время хламидиальных инфекций; однако все еще существуют ограничения. Плазмидная трансформация требует репликона, полученного из местного плазмида хламидии, и эти преобразования зависят от конкретного вида. Мы изучили полезность широкого плазмида хост-диапазона PBBR1MCS-4 для преобразования хламидии с целью упрощения процесса преобразования. Плазмид был модифицирован для содержания хромосомной ДНК из C. trachomatis, чтобы облегчить гомологическую рекомбинацию. Вектор PBR1MCS-4 был клонирова

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Plasmid transformation of chlamydiae has created new opportunities to investigate host-microbe interactions during chlamydial infections; however, there are still limitations. Plasmid transformation requires a replicon derived from the native Chlamydia plasmid, and these transformations are species-specific. We explored the utility of a broad host-range plas…

Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Fresh Produce and Agricultural Environments in Korea.

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to characterize Escherichia coli strains and evaluate the spread of antimicrobial resistance among these … cp1-blaCTX-M-55-orf477 operon and were confirmed as sequence type 1196 and the same type of plasmid replicon, suggesting that cross-contamination was highly likely. A high-risk clone of sequence type 69 (clonal complex 69) isolates was also recovered from the farm environment. This study provides genetic evidence that antimicrobial resistance factors in E. …

Polyphasic study of antibiotic-resistant enterobacteria isolated from fresh produce in Germany and description of Enterobacter vonholyi sp. nov. isolated from marjoram and Enterobacter dykesii sp. nov. isolated from mung bean sprout.

Forty-two antibiotic-resistant enterobacteria strains were isolated from fresh produce obtained from the northern German retail market. A po … et(D) tetracycline resistance genes and other acquired antibiotic resistance genes. Typical plasmid replicon types were determined. This study thus accurately identified the enterobacteria from fresh produce as species belonging to the genera Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia and Klebsiella, but also showed that these can carry potentially transferabl …

IncX4 Plasmid Carrying the New mcr-1.9 Gene Variant in a CTX-M-8-Producing Escherichia coli Isolate Recovered From Swine.

We studied a commensal colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from a swine cecum sample collected at a slaughter, in Portugal. Antimicrobial susceptibility phenotype of E. coli LV23529 showed resistance to colistin at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 mg/L. Whole genome of E. coli LV23529 was sequenced using a MiSeq system and the assembled contigs were analyzed for the presence of antibiotic resistance and plasmid replicon types using bioinformatics tools. We report a novel mcr-1 gene variant (mcr-1.9), carried by an IncX4 plasmid, where one-point mutation at nucleotide T1238C lea…

Presence of NDM in non-E. coli Enterobacteriaceae in the poultry production environment.

OBJECTIVES: Characterization of non-Escherichia coli NDM-carrying Enterobacteriaceae in the poultry production environment. METHODS: A total of 36 NDM-positive Enterobacteriaceae (22 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 13 Enterobacter cloacae and 1 Salmonella enterica) were isolated from a chicken farm and WGS was conducted using Illumina Hiseq2500. The genomic characterization of the isolates acquired through WGS analysis included the genomic context-flanking blaNDM genes, MLST, the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and replicon types of plasmids. WGS information for another 73 K. pneumoniae isolates fr…

Significance of NS5B Substitutions in Genotype 1b Hepatitis C Virus Evaluated by Bioinformatics Analysis.

To evaluate the effects of HCV NS5B amino acid substitutions on treatment outcome in Ledipasvir (LDV)/Sofosbuvir (SOF) for Japanese patients … not in wild-type. However, no susceptibility change was observed for these substitutions to SOF in replicon assay. Furthermore, the SVR rate was 100% in patients enrolled the Phase-3 trial. In conclusion, NS5B A218S and C316N were detected in all patients who relapsed following LDV/SOF in real-world practice. These substitutions did not impact the overall …

Theaflavins, polyphenols of black tea, inhibit entry of hepatitis C virus in cell culture.

The treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by combination of direct acting antivirals (DAA), with different mode of action, has made … and demonstrated their pan-genotypic action. No effect on HCV replication was observed by using HCV replicon. Investigation on the mechanism of action of black tea theaflavins showed that they act directly on the virus particle and are able to inhibit cell-to-cell spread. Combination study with inhibitors most widely used in anti-HCV treatment regimen demo …

Emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin-resistance in CMY-2-producing Escherichia coli of lineage ST2197 in a Tunisian poultry farm.

Our study aimed to investigate colistin resistance and the mechanisms involved in a collection of 35 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) … respectively. The analysis of the two mcr-1-positive strains and their transconjugants by PCR-based replicon typing and S1-PFGE, demonstrated that mcr-1 gene is linked to an IncP plasmid (~242 kb), and blaCMY-2 to an IncI1 plasmid (97 kb). The occurrence of E. coli harboring mcr-1 gene among intestinal microbiota in poultry and its location on a conjugativ …

Decrease in the prevalence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Salmonella following cessation of ceftiofur use by the Japanese poultry industry.

Extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Salmonella in chicken meat is a significant food safety concern. We previously reported that … n between 2011 and 2015, and to determine the genetic profiles of bla-harboring plasmids, including replicon types, using next-generation sequencing. Our results showed that the prevalence of ESC-resistant Salmonella, mainly consisting of AmpC β-lactamase CMY-2-producing isolates, in chicken meat products had increased to 45.5% (10/22) by 2011. However, fo …

Carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae recovered from a Spanish river ecosystem.

The increasing resistance to carbapenems is an alarming threat in the fight against multiresistant bacteria. The dissemination properties of … Moreover, screening of virulence factors, plasmid addiction systems, plasmid partition systems and replicon typing was performed. The results identified 8 isolates belonging to different species (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Raoultella ornithinolytica). The most prevalent enzyme was KPC-2 (n = 6), foll …

Advances in experimental systems to study hepatitis C virus in vitro and in vivo.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) represents a global health concern affecting over 185 million people worldwide. Chronic HCV infection causes liver f … bled to study specific aspects of the HCV life cycle, such as viral replication with the subgenomic replicon and entry using HCV pseudotyped particles (HCVpp). Subsequent development of protocols to grow infectious HCV particles in cell-culture (HCVcc) ignited investigations on the full cycle of HCV infection and the virus-host interactions required for vi …

Разработка Hyperglycosylated IFN Alfacon-1 (CIFN): На пути к двухмесячной или месячной дозировке для антивирусной терапии.

Было установлено, что интерфероны типа 1 являются эффективными для борьбы с вирусом гепатита С (HCV), вирусом гепатита В (HBV) и некоторыми раковыми заболеваниями с существенным недостатком краткосрочного воздействия на организм. Мы значительно улучшили фармакокинетику (ФК) консенсусного интерферона (СИФН) с помощью гликоинженерии. Мы создали AL-624, введя 4 сайта гликозилирования. AL-624 была выражена, очищена и разбавлена для выведения 2-Gly, 3-Gly и 4-Gly. В исследовании крысиной PK AL-624 4-Gly продемонстрировал 6-кратное увеличение площади под кривой (AUC) и более чем 11-кратное увеличени

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Type 1 interferons (IFNs) have been shown to be efficacious against hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and some cancers with … lycosylation sites and its mouse homologue. AL-683 maintains undiminished biological potency in HCV replicon. In mouse PK/pharmacodynamic (PD) studies, AL-683 homologue has a ∼37-fold improvement in T1/2 and a ∼33-fold improvement in AUC when compared with the unglycosylated mouse IFN-α-1. Significantly improved PD responses were also observed. The signifi …

Characterization of blaCTX-M IncFII plasmids and clones of Escherichia coli from pets in France.

OBJECTIVES: To characterize bla(CTX-M) IncFII plasmids and clones of Escherichia coli from cats and dogs and to compare them with bla(CTX-M) IncFII plasmids reported in humans. METHODS: From December 2006 to April 2010, 518 E. coli isolates from clinical infections in cats and dogs were screened for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by disc diffusion and resistance genes were identified by PCR and sequencing. Plasmids were characterized using PCR-based replicon typing and sub-typing schemes, restriction fragment length polymorphism ana…