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Current status of Japanese HIV-infected patients with coagulation disorders: coinfection with both HIV and HCV.

We herein report on the current status of Japanese HIV-positive patients with coagulation disorders, primarily hemophilia, based on the national survey of 31 May 2006. The total number of registered patients was 1,431 (Hemophilia A 1,086; Hemophilia B 325; von Willebrand disease 8; others 12), and 604 of these patients were deceased by 31 May 2006. The survival rate after the beginning of 1983 was evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method. The total number of surviving patients was 827, and the survival rate on 31 May 2006 was 55.7 +/- 1.4%. Among the 827 surviving patients, HCV antibody was observ

[Case of infectious mononucleosis with suspected primary coinfection with Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) pneumoniae and Epstein-Barr virus].

A 26-year-old male was hospitalized with fever and pharyngeal pain. Liver dysfunction and an increase in the percentage of atypical lymphocy … tibody titers increased. This case was suspected to have infectious mononucleosis caused by primary coinfection with C. pneumoniae and EBV.

Cryoglobulinaemia associated with hepatitis C virus: influence of HCV genotypes, HCV-RNA viraemia and HIV coinfection.

To determine whether the clinical and immunological expression of patients with cryoglobulinaemia associated with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection varied according to HCV-RNA load, HCV genotype or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection. We studied 340 HCV patients (188 women and 152 men, with a mean age of 49 years) consecutively diagnosed with cryoglobulinaemia between 1993 and 2003 in our hospital. HCV infection was confirmed by serum HCV-RNA determination in all patients. Two hundred and forty-eight (73%) patients had asymptomatic cryoglobulinaemia and 92 (27%) presented cr…

Radiographic alterations in patients presenting human immunodeficiency virus/tuberculosis coinfection: correlation with CD4+ T cell counts.

OBJECTIVE: To look for correlations between radiological patterns and CD4+ T cell counts in patients coinfected with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus. METHODS: Patients included were selected from among those presenting human immunodeficiency virus/tuberculosis coinfection and admitted to the Nereu Ramos Hospital, located in Florianópolis, Brazil, between January of 2000 and December of 2003. RESULTS: A total of 87 patients were included. The mean age was 34 +/- 8 years, and 6.8% were non-Caucasian. The mean CD4+ T cell count was 220.2 cells/mm(3) (median, 144 cells/mm(3)), and …

Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus coinfection: epidemiology, natural history, therapeutic options and clinical management.

Due to shared risk factors for transmission, coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a very common event. The prevalence of HCV infection among HIV-positive patients averages about 35% in the United States and Europe, but in clinical populations where there is a great prevalence of intravenous drug use as a risk factor for acquiring HIV, this value may be as high as 80-90%. Several studies have confirmed that HIV coinfection accelerates the natural course of chronic hepatitis C and an increased risk of liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and de…

[The coinfection of hepatitis C virus with hepatitis G virus and its reaction to interferon treatment].

HGV RNA was detected in 60 cases of hepatitis C patients and its positive rate was 23.3%, also the HGV infection was more frequent in chronic hepatitis C patients than in acute hepatitis C, and was only detected in hepatitis C patients who experienced transfusion of blood or blood products. These results indicated that transfusion was the main transmission route for HGV infection. HGV infection could shorten the incubation period of post-transfusion hepatitis C, but it would not worsen the status of the disease. The coinfection of HCV and HGV did not interfere the effect of interferon treatmen…

A quorum-sensing molecule from Pseudomonas aeruginosa induces defensive multicellularity in a coinfecting pathogen.

Microorganisms commonly exist in polymicrobial communities, where they can respond to interspecies secreted molecules by altering behaviors and physiology; however, the underlying mechanisms remain underexplored. Here, we investigated interactions between Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, coinfecting opportunistic pathogens found in pneumonia and chronic lung infections, such as in cystic fibrosis. We found that S. maltophilia forms large protective multicellular aggregates upon exposure to P. aeruginosa secreted factors. Experimental evolution for lack of aggregation se

STRONGYLID COINFECTIONS IN SYMPATRIC CHIMPANZEES AND GORILLAS FROM THE REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO REVEALED BY FECAL METAGENOMICS.

Soil-transmitted strongylid nematodes are common intestinal parasites of African great apes, yet most surveys have relied on microscopy or targeted PCR assays that are limited in taxonomic breadth and comparability across hosts. I reanalyzed 46 publicly available shotgun fecal metagenomes from sympatric central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes; n = 18) and western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla; n = 28) in the Goualougo Triangle, Nouabalé-Ndoki National Park, Republic of the Congo, to test whether host species structures genus-level strongylid community composition and relat

Coinfections of Chikungunya, Dengue, and Zika Viruses in India: Rationale for a Unified Triple Surveillance Approach.

Aedes-borne arboviruses are a major public health threat in India and globally. Arboviruses spread by the Aedes mosquito, namely, the Zika, chikungunya, and dengue viruses, pose overlapping and significant threats. In the Indian context, dengue is widespread and hyperendemic across many regions of the country, chikungunya has re-emerged markedly since the mid-2000s, and Zika outbreaks have appeared sporadically across several states. Because these viruses share the same mosquito vectors, the chances of coinfection and cocirculation increase, making diagnosis difficult. Moreover, clinical manif…

A tale of dual battle against leptospira and scrub typhus coinfection at a peripheral hospital in Kashmir.

Scrub typhus results from infection by Orientia tsutsugamushi, a bacterium transmitted to humans via larval mite (chigger) bites. On the other hand, Leptospira interrogans causes leptospirosis, a zoonotic bacterial infection typically contracted through exposure to contaminated water or soil. Scrub typhus and leptospirosis are important zoonotic infections increasingly recognized as public health concerns in tropical regions like India. Transmitted by mites and contact with contaminated water or soil respectively, they often cause nonspecific febrile illness, leading to frequent misdiagnosis a

Optimized alveolar epithelial cell model for chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus coinfections.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a relevant pathogen in chronic respiratory infections, which are usually associated with biofilm formation, complicating in vitro modeling and effective treatment strategies. While P. aeruginosa can coexist with several microorganisms, its association with Staphylococcus aureus is widespread in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and other bronchiectasis. Finding a reliable and straightforward in vitro model to study long-term P. aeruginosa infections is extremely hard due to the secretion of highly virulent toxins that compromise the model within less than 10 h. Several op

Helminth Coinfections Modulate Disease Dynamics and Vaccination Success in the Era of Emerging Infectious Diseases.

Background/Objectives: Helminth infections, particularly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, have been extensively studied for their effects on human health. With the emergence of new infectious diseases like SARS-CoV-2 and Ebola, their impact on disease outcomes become more apparent. While individual studies have explored the impact of helminth co-infections on disease severity and vaccine efficacy, the findings are often inconsistent and context-dependent. Furthermore, the long-term effects of helminth-mediated immunosuppression on vaccine efficacy and its broader implications for

Disclosing coinfections: The interaction between Toxoplasma gondii and hemotropic agents in Colombian dogs and cats.

This study aimed to analyze the relationships between Toxoplasma gondii infection and hemotropic species (i.e., Rickettsiales, Hepatozoon spp., Mycoplasma spp., Babesia spp., Bartonella spp., and Trypanosoma spp.) via qPCR and to explore the associations between T. gondii monoinfection or coinfection with hemotropic species and the characteristics of dogs and cats in Antioquia (Colombia). A cross-sectional study was conducted with blood samples from dogs and cats positive for T. gondii by qPCR, with or without hemotropic coinfection. Hemogram results and demographic data were analyzed. Associa…

Потеря HBsAg у больных, инфицированных ВИЧ/ГБВ: анализ и последствия гепатита B.

Заражение ВИЧ (вирусом иммунодефицита человека)/ГБМ (вирусом гепатита В) по-прежнему является серьезной проблемой в области здравоохранения. Инфекция ВИЧ влияет на естественный цикл хронической инфекции ВИЧ/СПИДом, при этом у ВИЧ/ГБВ наблюдается более высокий уровень заболеваемости, госпитализации и смертности, чем у больных с моноинфекцией ВИЧ/СПИДа. Удивительно, но все большее число исследований показывает, что уровень поверхностного антигена гепатита В (HBsAg) в инфекции ВИЧ/ГБВ может достигать более 10%, что значительно выше, чем в случае моноинфекции ГБВ. В этом обзоре мы резюмируем прогн

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)/HBV (hepatitis B virus) coinfection remains a significant public health challenge. HIV infection affects the natural course of chronic HBV infection, with HIV/HBV coinfected patients experiencing higher liver-related morbidity, hospitalization rates, and mortality than those with HBV monoinfection. Surprisingly, an increasi…

Report of two coinfections of human adenovirus and sapovirus in patients with acute gastroenteritis from China.

BACKGROUND: Coinfections involving multiple diarrheal viruses have gained increasing recognition as a significant cause of acute gastroenteritis in recent years. Understanding the genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships of these viruses is crucial for effective outbreak identification and tracking. OBJECTIVE: To report two cases of HAdV and SaV coinfections and elucidate the genetic diversity and evolutionary patterns of these viruses through whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenetic analysis. METHODS: A total of 873 diarrheal stool samples were collected from sentinel hospital…

Colonization or coinfection? A case report of Mycobacterium avium complex detected in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections have been increasingly reported in the literature; however, isolation of both NTM and Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) in respiratory samples may indicate transient NTM colonization rather than true coinfection. Distinguishing between NTM colonization and true infection is necessary for guiding appropriate antimicrobial treatment regimen. CASE SUMMARY: Here, we describe a case of a 41-year-old immunocompetent female with pulmonary tuberculosis in which Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare, both members of the M.…

Outcomes of Patients with COVID-19 and Fungal Coinfections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Fungal co-infections increase the incidence and mortality of viral respiratory tract infections. This study systematically reviews and conducts a meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence of COVID-19 patients with fungal coinfections. The aim is to provide a concise overview of the impact of these infections on patient outcomes especially association with risk of mortality, informing future research and optimizing patient management strategies. METHODS: To identify relevant studies on COVID-19 patients, we conducted a systematic search of databases from the beginning of…

Coinfection of cytomegalovirus and strongyloidiasis presenting as massive gastrointestinal bleeding in an immunocompromised host: a case report.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is an opportunistic disease in immunocompromised patients that may appear without symptoms, with constitutional symptoms, or as a tissue-invasive disease. Strongyloides stercoralis infection often manifests with non-specific symptoms; however, it can lead to severe malabsorption and extraintestinal dissemination by accelerated autoinfection. The coinfection of CMV and Strongyloides stercoralis has rarely been reported, particularly with solely severe gastrointestinal bleeding. A 29-year-old female patient with a history of nephrotic syndrome treated with long-te…

Pseudomonas and aspergillus symbiotic coinfections in a case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes mellitus.

Coinfection of Pseudomonas and Aspergillus has not been previously reported in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A middle-aged, thinly built woman (Body Mass Index: 18.1 kg/m²) who smokes bidi (a type of tobacco) and has a history of exposure to open log fires for cooking, has been suffering from COPD for the last 4 years. She has been taking inhaled betamethasone and tiotropium. Additionally, she had uncontrolled diabetes for a few months. She presented with fever, productive cough, shortness of breath and chest pain for 5 days. She required non-invasive ventilation …

HIV, HCV and HIV-HCV Coinfections in the General Population versus Inmates from Romania.

The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological links of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV-HCV coinfections to less studied types of transmission in certain populations. We performed an observational, prospective study on 903 patients aged between 15-87 years who took part in the Open Test Project. They were divided in two subgroups: general population vs. individuals from prisons who were questioned about multiple risk factors. A chi-square independence test was used to establish correlations between risk factors and results of screening te…