Результаты поиска

Optimization and Evaluation of a Multiplex Quantitative PCR Assay for Detection of Nucleic Acids in Human Blood Samples from Patients with Spotted Fever Rickettsiosis, Typhus Rickettsiosis, Scrub Typhus, Monocytic Ehrlichiosis, and Granulocytic Anaplasmosis.

Spotted fever group rickettsioses (SFGR), typhus group rickettsioses (TGR), scrub typhus (caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi), ehrlichiosis, and anaplasmosis often present as undifferentiated fever but are not treated by agents (penicillins and cephalosporins) typically used for acute febrile illness. Inability to diagnose these infections when the patient is acutely ill leads to excess morbidity and mortality. Failure to confirm these infections retrospectively if a convalescent blood sample is not obtained also impairs epidemiologic and clinical research. We designed a multiplex real-time quan…

The validity of diagnostic cut-offs for commercial and in-house scrub typhus IgM and IgG ELISAs: A review of the evidence.

BACKGROUND: Scrub typhus is a neglected tropical disease that causes acute febrile illness. Diagnosis is made based upon serology, or detection of the causative agent-Orientia tsutsugamushi-using PCR or in vitro isolation. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is an objective and reproducible means of detecting IgM or IgG antibodies. However, lack of standardization in ELISA methodology, as well as in the choice of reference test with which the ELISA is compared, calls into question the validity of cut-offs used in diagnostic accuracy studies and observational studies. METHODOLOGY/PRI…

Системы калькуляции критических заболеваний: оценка несрабатывания последовательности органов, острая физиология и оценка хронического здоровья II, а также быстрая оценка несрабатывания последовательности органов для прогнозирования клинических результатов у пациентов с скребом тифа с дисфункциями организма.

Скруб тифа (ST) — острая инфекционная болезнь с изменяющейся степенью тяжести, вызванная цицутугамушией (бывшей Рикиетсией). Болезнь может усугубляться дисфункциями органов, а коэффициент смертности (КФЗ) составляет приблизительно 15%, что еще больше усиливается в связи с возникновением серьезных осложнений. Мы изучили клинические особенности ST и эффективность систем оценки критических заболеваний (CISS) - Острая физиология и оценка хронического здоровья (APACHE) II, последовательная оценка отказа органов (SOFA) и быстро SOFA (qSOFA) при прогнозировании клинических результатов у сложных пацие

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Scrub typhus (ST) is an acute infectious disease of variable severity caused by Orientia (formerly Rickettsia) tsutsugamushi. The disease can be complicated by organ dysfunctions and the case fatality rate (CFR) is approximately 15%, which further rises with the development of severe complications. We studied the clinical features of the …

An updated distribution and hosts: trombiculid mites (Acari: Trombidiformes) associated with small mammals in Yunnan Province, southwest China.

Trombiculid mites (or chigger mites) are a large group of arthropods, and some of these species are vectors of Orientia tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of tsutsugamushi disease (scrub typhus). Yunnan Province is situated in the southwest of China, and its complicated topography, special altitude gradients, and high biodiversity have aroused the interest of many scientists to study the fauna and species diversity of plants and animals. To replenish our former faunal study, this paper listed all the scientific names of trombiculid mites in Yunnan Province, together with their hosts and collec…

A rapid, sensitive and reliable diagnostic test for scrub typhus in China.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the performances for detection of IgM and IgG antibodies to Orientia. tsutsugamushi (Ot) using a gold conjugate-based rapid diagnostic test (RDT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The RDT employing mixture recombinant 56-kDa proteins of O. tsutsugamushi and the mIFA assay was performed on 33 patients from Fujian and Yunnan province respectively and 94 positive sera (36 from Hainan province and 58 from Jiangsu province) from convalescent stages of the patients with scrub typhus respectively and 82 negative sera from healthy farmers from Anhui province and Beijing City respectively i…

Epidemiological trends and regional risk factors for scrub typhus in Busan, Republic of Korea: 2019-2023.

BACKGROUND: Scrub typhus, an acute disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi and transmitted by larval chigger mites, is a representative autumn febrile illness in the Republic of Korea. We examined epidemiological characteristics underlying spatial heterogeneity in Busan Metropolitan City to inform region-specific prevention and control policies. METHODS: We analyzed 1,645 confirmed and suspected scrub typhus cases reported in Busan from 2019 to 2023. Crude incidence rates and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) per 100,000 population were calculated using the 2021 mid-year population. T…

Advancing the diagnosis of scrub typhus with targeted next-generation sequencing.

OBJECTIVE: Scrub typhus has nonspecific symptoms, making it easy to miss or underdiagnose. This retrospective study evaluated targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) for the early diagnosis of acute Orientia tsutsugamushi infection in terms of feasibility and application value. METHODS: This retrospective study included 49 patients with suspected scrub typhus as the case group. Among them, 28 patients with eschar or ulcers were assigned to the clinical diagnosis group. The remaining 21 patients without eschar or ulcers formed the clinically suspected group. Additionally, 48 patients with n…

Epidemiological Trends and Patterns of Scrub Typhus in India: A Retrospective Analysis Based on Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) Data (2009-2018).

BACKGROUND: Scrub typhus, a vector-borne febrile illness caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, has shown significant global resurgence, affecting an estimated one billion people at risk and causing up to one million cases annually. In India, it is a major cause of acute undifferentiated fever but remains under-recognized and a clear research gap regarding long-term national trends, and the heterogeneity of case fatality across states exists. This study aimed to quantify the national burden, geographical distribution, temporal trends, and mortality associated with scrub typhus using Integrated Dise…

Infant Scrub Typhus: A 10-Year Experience from a Tertiary Center in South India (The ScrubIn Study).

Scrub typhus is a potentially fatal and neglected tropical infectious disease caused by the bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi; limited information is available on scrub typhus in infants. In the present retrospective study, the clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and outcomes of infants with scrub typhus admitted to a tertiary care hospital in India were investigated over a decade. A retrospective review of 49 infants (<1 year) with laboratory-confirmed scrub typhus admitted between 2014 and 2023 was conducted. Clinical, laboratory, and outcome data were analyzed to identify predictors …

Молекулярные и серологические исследования патогенов, связанных с острым энцефалитным синдромом у детей в Северной Индии.

ЦЕЛЬ: Северная часть Индии имеет гипер эндемию к острому энцефалитному синдрому (AES) среди детей. В значительной части случаев, связанных с АЭС, причинно-следственный агент оставался неизвестным. В перспективе мы изучили этиологию в делах о педиатрии (PAES). В период с января 2022 года по декабрь 2023 года были приняты на работу лица, госпитализированные в третичном центре помощи. Было проведено серологическое и молекулярное исследование с использованием имеющейся цереброспинной жидкости/целых образцов крови/семирени. Секвенирование проводилось для положительных образцов. Результаты: Для пров

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
PURPOSE: The northern part of India is hyperendemic for acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) among children. In a significant proportion of AES … s cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV-1), along with bacterial infections caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi (OT), Rickettsia, and Leptospira, have emerged as the leading causes in the studied region. About 9.7% (45/463) of cases were fatal. Among fatalities, 62.2% were females; 28.9% were positive for OT, 6.8% for JE, and 2.3% for Leptospira …

Hospital-Based Surveillance of Rickettsial Diseases in Kashmir, North India.

Background: Rickettsial diseases were reported from Kashmir, India, in the early 20th century. Since then, limited research was carried that … 5.48%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed Rickettsia conorii, Rickettsia parkeri, Rickettsia typhi, and Orientia tsutsugamushi. Conclusions: This study confirms the presence of human rickettsial infections in Kashmir, highlighting the need for including rickettsial diseases in diagnostic algorithm for acute febrile illness.

Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illness in Hospitalized Adults in Western and Central Provinces, Sri Lanka: High Levels of Coinfections and Clinical Misdiagnoses of Etiology.

Acute undifferentiated febrile illness (AUFI) is an important cause of admission to hospitals in the tropics. We prospectively recruited inpatients with AUFI at three hospitals in Western (n = 540) and Central (n = 260) Provinces, Sri Lanka from January 2022 to May 2023. We obtained clinical and environmental exposure data, blood cultures, acute blood samples, and nasopharyngeal samples at enrollment and convalescent blood samples. Laboratory testing for dengue and influenza viruses, Leptospira, Rickettsia, and Orientia was conducted. Laboratory-confirmed etiology of AUFI was ascertained in 57…

Searching and Finding the Hidden Treasure: A Retrospective Analysis of Rickettsial Disease Among Dutch International Travelers.

BACKGROUND: Rickettsial disease (RD) is a prevalent and underestimated cause of febrile illness worldwide, especially in the absence of an i … , who had tested negative for leptospirosis. Serologic immunofluorescence assays were performed for Orientia tsutsugamushi (scrub typhus), typhus group, and spotted fever group RD. We performed a medical records review of all patients who tested positive. In case of a fitting medical history, cases were deemed either confirmed (based on convalescent serolo …

Antinuclear antibodies in infectious diseases.

Introduction: Antinuclear antibody (ANA) tests are widely used for the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases, but ANAs are also commonly found in … st common pathogen was Mycobacterium tuberculosis (n = 10), followed by Treponema pallidum (n = 5), Orientia tsutsugamushi (n = 5), Escherichia coli (n = 5), Bartonella henselae (n = 3), and human immunodeficiency virus (n = 3). Of the 39 patients without a confirmed pathogen, 7 were seropositive for O. tsutsugamushi, B. henselae, or Rickettsia spp. Patien …

Scrub Typhus in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India.

Scrub typhus, a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi, has become endemic in many parts of India. We studied the clinical profile of this infection in 228 patients that reported to this tertiary care center from July 2013 to December 2014. The median age of patients was 35 years (interquartile range = 24.5-48.5 years), and 111 were males and 117 females. A high-grade fever occurred in 85%, breathlessness in 42%, jaundice in 32%, abdominal pain in 28%, renal failure in 11%, diarrhea in 10%, rashes in 9%, and seizures in 7%. Common laboratory abnormalities at presentati…

Как определить точность альтернативного диагностического теста, когда он на самом деле лучше эталонных тестов: переоценка диагностических тестов для скреба тифуса с использованием байесов.

ИСТОРИЯ ВОПРОСА: Косвенный анализ иммунофторации (IFA) считается эталонным испытанием для скруба тифа. Недавно в качестве эталонного стандарта для оценки альтернативных диагностических тестов были предложены критерии заражения тифом Scrub; сочетание культуры, PCR-анализов и IFA IgM. Здесь мы используем байезийские скрытые классные модели (LCM) для оценки истинной точности каждого диагностического теста и CNTC для диагностики скруба тифа. Данные о 161 пациенте с недифференцированной температурой были пересмотрены с использованием байесовских ЛХМ. Каждого пациента оценивали на предмет наличия эш

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: The indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) is considered a reference test for scrub typhus. Recently, the Scrub Typhus Infectio … LCMs. Every patient was evaluated for the presence of an eschar, and tested with blood culture for Orientia tsutsugamushi, three different PCR assays, IFA IgM, and the Panbio IgM immunochromatographic test (ICT). True sensitivity and specificity of culture (24.4% and 100%), 56kDa PCR assay (56.8% and 98.4%), 47kDa PCR assay (63.2% and 96.1%), groEL PCR as …

Rickettsioses in the central hills of Sri Lanka: serological evidence of increasing burden of spotted fever group.

OBJECTIVES: To study the epidemiology, clinical features, and changing pattern of rickettsial infections on the western slopes of the hilly … es were positive in 105/122 (86.1%) cases: 43/105 (40.9%) to Rickettsia conorii and 6/105 (5.7%) to Orientia tsutsugamushi, with mixed antibody reactivity to more than one antigen in 56/105 (53.3%) cases, including Rickettsia typhi in 27/105 (25.7%). Among those with mixed IgG reactivity, IgM assays were used to detect pathogens responsible for acute infec …

A Rickettsia genome overrun by mobile genetic elements provides insight into the acquisition of genes characteristic of an obligate intracellular lifestyle.

We present the draft genome for the Rickettsia endosymbiont of Ixodes scapularis (REIS), a symbiont of the deer tick vector of Lyme disease … E (for Rickettsiales amplified genetic element), previously identified in scrub typhus rickettsiae (Orientia tsutsugamushi) genomes, is present on both the REIS chromosome and plasmids. Unlike the pseudogene-laden RAGEs of O. tsutsugamushi, REIS encodes nine conserved RAGEs that include F-like type IV secretion systems similar to that of the tra genes enco …

Differential patterns of endothelial and leucocyte activation in 'typhus-like' illnesses in Laos and Thailand.

Scrub typhus is responsible for a large proportion of undifferentiated fevers in south-east Asia. The cellular tropism and pathophysiology of the causative agent, Orientia tsutsugamushi, remain poorly understood. We measured endothelial and leucocyte activation by soluble cell adhesion molecule enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in 242 Lao and Thai patients with scrub or murine typhus, leptospirosis, dengue, typhoid and uncomplicated falciparum malaria on admission to hospital. Soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) levels were lowest in dengue, sL-selectin highest in scrub typhus with a high sE-sel…

Characterization of human immunoglobulin (Ig) isotype and IgG subclass response to Bartonella henselae infection.

Serologic parameters of cat scratch disease (CSD) were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Sera from patients with serologically confirmed C … ference human antisera against Rickettsia rickettsii, Chlamydia group positive, Treponema pallidum, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Fransciscella tularensis, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli, although other cross-reactive proteins were evident. Significantly, CSD sera failed to recognize the 83-kDa protein when tested against Bart …