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FURTHER STUDIES OF EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS IN THE FOWL. II. THE INFLUENCE OF DOSE VARIATIONS ON THE HISTOLOGICAL LESIONS.

The effects of varying the dose of the constituents of an inoculum known to produce EAE in a reciprocal cross of Brown Leghorn fowls have been studied. Large amounts of the emulsifying agent suppressed the severity of the histological lesions. Fifty mg. of homologous spinal cord and 2 mg. of Mycobacterium tuberculosis per bird were found to be the optimum doses necessary to produce consistently severe histological lesions. A standard procedure for inducing EAE for quantitative studies in `B×I' Brown Leghorn fowls was adopted.

A study of the chemical nature of components of bovine white matter effective in producing allergic encephalomyelitis in the rabbit.

Fractions of bovine white matter, prepared by the methods of Folch and Lees, were studied for chemical composition and for their ability to produce experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in rabbits. Evaluation of the disease and of the lesions in animals injected with the more active fractions at several dose levels permitted comparison of the antigenic activity of these materials. When tissue was fractionated by the methods of Folch and Lees, antigenic activity was found in the chloroform-methanol extract but not in the denatured tissue residue. This activity was traced to proteolipides A an…

Migration timeframe of germinal center-derived B cells to the central nervous system during viral encephalomyelitis.

Virus-specific humoral responses are crucial to sustain control of persisting CNS viral infections. However, the duration o-f virus specific B cell migration to the CNS relative to the sustained peripheral germinal center reactions is poorly defined. AID-CreERT2:Rosa26loxP-tdTomato reporter mice were used to track CNS migration and infiltration of virus-activated B cells during neurotropic murine coronavirus induced encephalomyelitis and persistence. Staggered tamoxifen treatment (14-21, 21-28, and 28-35 days post infection) to induce irreversible labeling of B cells undergoing somatic hypermu…

Genetic Insights into Circulating Complement Proteins in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Potential Inflammatory Subgroup.

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating multi-system illness with heterogeneity that complicates identifying the pathophysiology, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. Evidence indicates the importance of immune dysregulation, including the complement system, in ME/CFS. This study investigates the contribution of genetic drivers to potential dysregulation of the complement pathway in ME/CFS. We used protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) analyses, adjusted for covariates using linear and logistic regression, to identify genetic variants significantly associ…

Gastrointestinal symptoms correlate with core clinical features and systemic inflammation in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating multisystem illness marked by fatigue, cognitive impairment, and post-exertional malaise. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are frequently reported, yet their relationship to central features of the illness and biological correlates remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to characterize GI symptom burden in ME/CFS and evaluate its associations with core clinical features and specific immune and inflammatory markers, with attention to potential gut-related contributions to disease expression. METHO…

Mitochondrial transplantation ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by modulating the Th17/Treg balance and restoring metabolic homeostasis.

INTRODUCTION: Mitochondrial dysfunction has been increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), contributing to oxidative stress, immune dysregulation, and neurodegeneration. Current therapies primarily target inflammation but do not adequately address mitochondrial impairment or progressive tissue damage. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of mitochondrial transplantation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a murine model of MS, by investigating its effects on immune modulation, mitochondrial function, and tissue integrity. METHODS…

Temporin-GHaR6R Peptide Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Suppressing Microglial M1 Polarization and Mitochondrial Dynamics Dysfunction.

Multiple sclerosis (MS), an immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), is driven by microglia as key orchestrators of neuroinflammation. This study assessed the preventive potential of temporin-GHaR6R (GHaR6R), an antimicrobial peptide derived from Hylarana guentheri skin, using the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) murine model of MS. Preventive administration of GHaR6R significantly reduced EAE incidence and alleviated clinical severity, while histopathological analyses (HE and LFB staining) revealed attenuated inflammatory cell inf…

Cerebrospinal fluid metabolomics, lipidomics and serine pathway dysfunction in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndroome (ME/CFS).

We proposed that cerebrospinal fluid would provide objective evidence for disrupted brain metabolism in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndroome (ME/CFS). The concept of postexertional malaise (PEM) with disabling symptom exacerbation after limited exertion that does not respond to rest is a diagnostic criterion for ME/CFS. We proposed that submaximal exercise provocation would cause additional metabolic perturbations. The metabolomic and lipidomic constituents of cerebrospinal fluid from separate nonexercise and postexercise cohorts of ME/CFS and sedentary control subjects were con…

Prospective associations between major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, fibromyalgia, and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Functional disorders (FDs) are associated with internalizing disorders (IDs). Studies investigating the nature of these associations over time are limited. We tested the direction of causation between measures of IDs (major depressive disorder [MDD], generalized anxiety disorder [GAD]) and FDs (fibromyalgia [FM] and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome [ME/CFS]) measured across two waves of longitudinal data (N = 108,034 and N = 73,590). METHODS: The Lifelines Cohort Study is a large prospective population-based cohort study in the northeast of the Netherlands. We te…

Dissecting the genetic complexity of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome via deep learning-powered genome analysis.

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex, heterogeneous, and systemic disease defined by a suite of symptoms, including unexplained persistent fatigue, post-exertional malaise (PEM), cognitive impairment, myalgia, orthostatic intolerance, and unrefreshing sleep. The disease mechanism of ME/CFS is unknown, with no effective curative treatments. In this study, we present a multi-site ME/CFS whole-genome analysis, which is powered by a novel deep learning framework, HEAL2. We show that HEAL2 not only has predictive value for ME/CFS based on personal rare variants, …

A Rare Case of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Suspected Acute Hemorrhagic Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Following Recent Vaccination.

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) are rare autoimmune complications that may follow infections or vaccinations. We present a case of a 77-year-old male patient who developed warm AIHA and rapid neurological decline suggestive of hemorrhagic ADEM following recent varicella and influenza vaccinations. Laboratory findings confirmed AIHA, and MRI revealed multifocal white matter lesions with hemorrhagic foci. Despite high-dose corticosteroid treatment, the patient's condition worsened, and he ultimately passed away.

Astrocytic-OTUD7B улучшает экспериментальный аутоиммунный энцефаломиелит путем стабилизации глиального фибрового кислотного белка и предотвращения воспаления.

Астроциты играют ключевую роль в патогенезе множественного склероза (МС); однако их регулирование в результате послетрансляционного погружения и дебицинации остается нерешенным. Это исследование показывает, что декубинирующий фермент OTUD7B в астроцитах защищает от аутоиммунного аутоэнцефаломиелита (EAE), модели MS, ограничивая нейроинфламмацию. RNA-последовательность изолированных астроцитов и пространственной транскриптомики показывает, что в EAE OTUD7B унифицирует хемакинское выражение в астроцитах подстрекательских повреждений, что связано с сокращением набора энцефалитогенных клеток CD4+T

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Astrocytes are central to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS); however, their regulation by post-translational ubiquitination and deubiquitination is unresolved. This study shows that the deubiquitinating enzyme OTUD7B in astrocytes protects against murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of MS, by limiting neuroinflammation. …

β-Endorphin Mediates ElectronicAcupunccuration-Institutioned Remieliation с помощью модуляции линии нейронных стволовых клеток в экспериментальном аутоиммунном энцефаломиэлите.

AIMS: Для эффективной ремиилизации множественных склерозов (MS) требуется как распространение эндогенных нейронных стволовых клеток (NSC), так и их специфическая дифференциация на олигодендроциты потомства (OPC). Цель этого исследования заключалась в изучении вопроса о том, способствует ли электроакустация (ЭА) распространению NSC и дифференцированию OFC с помощью β-эндорфина (β-EP) с помощью опиоидного сигнала в мусриновой модели MS. МЕТОДЫ: Экспериментальный аутоиммунный энцефаломиэлит (EAE) был индуцирован в мышах C57BL/6 для моделирования MS. Ежедневно в Зусанли (ST36) использовалась стиму

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
AIMS: Effective remyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) requires both the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) and their li … dorphin (β-EP)-mediated opioid signaling in a murine model of MS. METHODS: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in C57BL/6 mice to model MS. EA stimulation was applied daily at the Zusanli (ST36) acupoint. NSC proliferation and OPC differentiation were assessed via immunofluorescence, flow cytometry (FCM), and RT-qPCR. β-EP expression and op …

Дифференцирование патологии острого рассеянного энцефаломиэлита от множественного склероза у детей с использованием диффузных магнитно-резонансных биомаркеров.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ патологических различий у пациентов с педиатрическим множественным склерозом (POMS) и острым распространением энцефаломиелита (ADEM) с использованием диффузных снимков на основе ДИИ и спектральной съемки на основе диффузии (DBSI). МЕТОДЫ: Пятнадцать детей с ПОМС и восемь детей с АДЕМ прошли курс ДТИ и ДБСИ. Сопоставление показателей диффузности DTI и DBSI для POMS (31 сканирование) и ADEM (17 сканирование) было проведено в качестве группового сопоставления и объединения с течением времени. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: В ходе однократного анализа средних показателей БДСИ и ДТИ с течением времени до

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: To investigate the pathologic differences in patients with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion basis spectrum imaging (DBSI). METHODS: Fifteen children with POMS and eight children with ADEM underwent DTI and DBSI. The comparison of DTI and D…

Ursolic acid derivatives improved clinical signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by modulating central nervous system inflammation.

The immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) involves the activation of T lymphocytes, leading to progressive axonal loss and brain atrophy. Ursolic acid (AU) has been widely used as an herbal medicine, with the ability to inhibit the production and secretion of cytokines and may influence the differentiation of CD4 + helper cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of ursolic acid derivatives (methyl 3β-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oate (AUD1) and methyl 3β-acetoxyurs-12-en-28-oate (AUD2)) in a model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). EAE was indu…

Increased regulatory activity of intestinal innate lymphoid cells type 3 (ILC3) prevents experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis severity.

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced in inbred rodents, i.e., genetically identical animals kept under identical environmental conditions, shows variable clinical outcomes. We investigated such variations of EAE in Dark Agouti rats immunized with spinal cord homogenate and identified four groups: lethal, severe, moderate, and mild, at day 28 post immunization. Higher numbers of CD4+ T cells, helper T cells type 1 (Th1) and 17 (Th17) in particular, were detected in the spinal cord of the severe group in comparison with the moderate group. In addition, increased proportion of …

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and transverse myelitis following COVID-19 vaccination - A self-controlled case series analysis.

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and Transverse Myelitis (TM) are within the group of immune mediated disorders of acquired demyelinating syndromes. Both have been described in temporal association following various vaccinations in case reports and case series and have been evaluated in observational studies. A recent analysis conducted by The Global Vaccine Data Network (GVDN) observed an excess of ADEM and TM cases following the adenoviral vectored ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) and mRNA-1273 vaccines, compared with historically expected background rates from prior to the pandemic. Fur…