Different whole-brain functional connectivity correlates of reactive-proactive aggression and callous-unemotional traits in children and adolescents with disruptive behaviors.
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Werhahn Julia E, Smigielski Lukasz, Sacu Seda, Mohl Susanna, Willinger David, Naaijen Jilly, Mulder Leandra M, Glennon Jeffrey C, Hoekstra Pieter J, Dietrich Andrea, Deters Renee Kleine, Aggensteiner Pascal M, Holz Nathalie E, Baumeister Sarah, Banaschewski Tobias, Saam Melanie C, Schulze Ulrike M E, Lythgoe David J, Sethi Arjun, Craig Michael, Mastroianni Mathilde, Sagar-Ouriaghli Ilyas, Santosh Paramala J, Rosa Mireia, Bargallo Nuria, Castro-Fornieles Josefina, Arango Celso, Penzol Maria J, Zwiers Marcel P, Franke Barbara, Buitelaar Jan K, Walitza Susanne, Brandeis Daniel
Аннотация
METHODS: The large sample of children and adolescents aged 8-18 years (n = 207; mean age = 13.30±2.60 years, 150 males) included 118 cases with disruptive behavior (80 with Oppositional Defiant Disorder and/or Conduct Disorder) and 89 controls. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety symptom scores were analyzed as covariates when assessing group differences and dimensional aggression effects on hypothesis-free global and local voxel-to-voxel whole-brain rsFC based on functional magnetic resonance imaging at 3 Tesla.
RESULTS: Compared to controls, the cases demonstrated altered rsFC in frontal areas, when anxiety but not ADHD symptoms were controlled for. For cases, reactive and proactive aggression scores were related to global and local rsFC in the central gyrus and precuneus, regions linked to aggression-related impairments. Callous-unemotional trait severity was correlated with ICC in the inferior and middle temporal regions implicated in empathy, emotion, and reward processing. Most observed aggression subtype-specific patterns could only be identified when ADHD and anxiety were controlled for.
CONCLUSIONS: This study clarifies that hypothesis-free brain connectivity measures can disentangle distinct though overlapping dimensions of aggression in youths. Moreover, our results highlight the importance of considering comorbid symptoms to detect aggression-related rsFC alterations in youths.