Brain research bulletin · 2026
Alternations of gray matter lateralization and structural covariation in the children with developmental dyslexia and isolated spelling deficit.
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Liu Huanhuan, Shen Qian, He Xiaodong, Ding Jiaxin, Xiong Bing, Li Feng
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Spelling components in developmental dyslexia (DD) have been marginally reported, and there has been controversy over to what extent reading and spelling deficits share a common neuroanatomical mechanism. This study aims to explore the pattern of gray matter alteration in children with dyslexia and isolated spelling disorders (SpD).
METHOD: This study included 22 children with typically developing (TD), 20 children with DD, and 16 children with SpD. Voxel-based lateralization analysis was performed to calculate lateralization index (LI) and investigate the structural asymmetry of gray matter. Furthermore, the structural covariance network (SCN) was utilized to describe the changes of structural covariation network in the brain regions of interest among the DD, SpD and TD groups.
RESULT: The results demonstrated that compared with the TD group, the lateralization patterns of the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and superior frontal gyrus (SFG) in the DD and SpD groups were changed. Additionally, SCN results revealed that compared with the TD group, the structural covariation of the left MFG to the Frontal_Mid_L, Occipital_Sup_R, Lingual_R, Precuneus_L and Cuneus_R were weakened in the DD group. The structural covariation between the left SFG and the Occipital_Mid_L and Occipital_Sup_L was enhanced. In contrast, the structural covariance between the left SFG and the Cuneus_R, Cingulum_Ant_R, Precuneus_L, and Precentral_L was weakened. In addition, the structural covariation of left MFG with the Supp_Motor_Area_R was increased and the structural covariation with Temporal_Sup_L was decreased in the SpD group. The structural covariation between left SFG and bilateral postcentral gyrus was increased, while that between left SFG and Parietal_Sup_L was decreased.
CONCLUSION: This study displayed lateralization patterns of gray matter in children with DD and SpD, and proved that both types of dysfunctions have shared and distinct neural signatures.
METHOD: This study included 22 children with typically developing (TD), 20 children with DD, and 16 children with SpD. Voxel-based lateralization analysis was performed to calculate lateralization index (LI) and investigate the structural asymmetry of gray matter. Furthermore, the structural covariance network (SCN) was utilized to describe the changes of structural covariation network in the brain regions of interest among the DD, SpD and TD groups.
RESULT: The results demonstrated that compared with the TD group, the lateralization patterns of the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and superior frontal gyrus (SFG) in the DD and SpD groups were changed. Additionally, SCN results revealed that compared with the TD group, the structural covariation of the left MFG to the Frontal_Mid_L, Occipital_Sup_R, Lingual_R, Precuneus_L and Cuneus_R were weakened in the DD group. The structural covariation between the left SFG and the Occipital_Mid_L and Occipital_Sup_L was enhanced. In contrast, the structural covariance between the left SFG and the Cuneus_R, Cingulum_Ant_R, Precuneus_L, and Precentral_L was weakened. In addition, the structural covariation of left MFG with the Supp_Motor_Area_R was increased and the structural covariation with Temporal_Sup_L was decreased in the SpD group. The structural covariation between left SFG and bilateral postcentral gyrus was increased, while that between left SFG and Parietal_Sup_L was decreased.
CONCLUSION: This study displayed lateralization patterns of gray matter in children with DD and SpD, and proved that both types of dysfunctions have shared and distinct neural signatures.