Association of the triglyceride glucose-Chinese visceral adiposity index with incident sarcopenia among middle-aged and older adults with diabetes: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND

Longitudinal association of triglyceride glucose-Chinese visceral adiposity index (TyG-CVAI) with the risk of new-onset sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults with diabetes remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether baseline and cumulative TyG-CVAI is associated with incident sarcopenia risk in middle-aged and older adults with diabetes.

METHODS

We included participants aged ≥ 50 years with diabetes from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011-2012. TyG-CVAI was calculated as TyG index multiplied by CVAI. Multivariable Cox regression and logistic regression were used to examine the associations of baseline and cumulative TyG-CVAI with new-onset sarcopenia. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were employed to compare the predictive capability of TyG-CVAI with its individual components.

RESULTS

A total of 763 participants with diabetes were included in the baseline analysis. During the 4-year follow-up, 62 (8.1%) participants developed new-onset sarcopenia. Compared with the lowest quartile (Q1) of baseline TyG-CVAI, the highest quartile (Q4) was significantly associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia (HR = 2.368, 95% CI: 1.014-5.532) in the fully adjusted model, with a significant trend across quartiles (P for trend = 0.017). Compared with the low-stable group (Cluster 1, n = 198), the high-stable group (Cluster 2, n = 276) had a significantly higher risk of new-onset sarcopenia (OR = 1.100, 95% CI: 1.020-1.321). The predictive performance of baseline TyG-CVAI (AUC = 0.685, 95% CI: 0.611-0.747) and cumulative TyG-CVAI (AUC = 0.917, 95% CI: 0.845-0.962) was higher than that of baseline and cumulative TyG and CVAI.

CONCLUSION

Elevated baseline and cumulative TyG-CVAI are associated with new-onset sarcopenia in middle-aged and older Chinese adults with diabetes.