Is Developmental Coordination Disorder a Risk Factor for Spinal Malalignment?

Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders, with a prevalence of approximately 5%-6% among school-aged children (5-11 years). The relationship between spinal deformities and DCD has been explored in various studies, indicating a notable correlation. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between DCD and spinal malalignment. A literature review was conducted in electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and PEDro databases (January-March 2026), for peer-reviewed studies published within the last 15 years. Five studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Evidence consistently indicates that children with DCD demonstrate a significantly higher prevalence of postural abnormalities compared to their typically developing peers. Reported deviations include forward head posture, flat back, kyphosis, lumbar hyperlordosis, scoliosis, and pelvic asymmetry. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms involve a complex interplay among impaired muscle tone and strength, deficient proprioceptive processing, deficient joint position sense, and poor anticipatory postural adjustments. Consequently, early screening, multidisciplinary monitoring, and targeted postural interventions are essential in preventing long-term musculoskeletal complications in children with DCD. While the direct causal relationship is still being clarified, further longitudinal research is needed to determine clinical implications.