Journal of ethnopharmacology · 2026
Exploring the pharmaceutical potential of Pistacia lentiscus L. acqueus extracts as a therapeutic agent against osteoarthritis manifestations: an in vitro study.
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Mastandrea Giorgio, Sardellitti Luigi, Szotakova Barbora, Langhansova Lenka, Bullitta Simonetta, Serralutzu Francesca, Dore Antonio, Doria Carlo, Caggiari Gianfilippo, Milia Egle Patrizia
Аннотация
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Pistacia lentiscus L. (PLL) is traditionally used in Sardinian folk medicine for osteoarthritis (OA) and represents a source of polyphenols with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate the phenolic profile, the antioxidant potency, the total phenolic content, cytotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory properties of an aqueous leaf extract of PLL to explore its possible relevance in OA.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total phenolic content was assessed by the Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric method. The polyphenols were also characterized by a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The antioxidant ability was assessed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The anti-inflammatory activity was examined through COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition while, the cytotoxicity was evaluated in dysplastic oral keratinocytes (DOK), human gingival fibroblasts (HGnF), and human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLF) by using the WST-1 and the xCELLigence assays.
RESULTS: The total phenolic content was 249.78 ± 37.10 mg GAE/g DW, where myricetin glycoside and catechin were the most abundant compounds. The DPPH scavenging capacity showed an IC50 value 32.22 ± 6.43 μg/mL indicating considerable antioxidant potential of the extract. At 10 μg/mL the extract inhibited COX-1 and COX-2 by 92.07% and 71.04%, respectively, with IC50 values of 5.14 μg/mL and 13.87 μg/mL. No relevant cytotoxicity was observed at lower concentrations in the tested cell lines.
CONCLUSION: PLL extract shows high total phenolic content, which together with the DPPH document strong antioxidant potency of the compound. This data together with the marked anti-inflammatory activity, and the limited cytotoxicity, support the potential interest of PLL extract as a natural candidate to counteract OA manifestations.
AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate the phenolic profile, the antioxidant potency, the total phenolic content, cytotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory properties of an aqueous leaf extract of PLL to explore its possible relevance in OA.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total phenolic content was assessed by the Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric method. The polyphenols were also characterized by a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The antioxidant ability was assessed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The anti-inflammatory activity was examined through COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition while, the cytotoxicity was evaluated in dysplastic oral keratinocytes (DOK), human gingival fibroblasts (HGnF), and human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLF) by using the WST-1 and the xCELLigence assays.
RESULTS: The total phenolic content was 249.78 ± 37.10 mg GAE/g DW, where myricetin glycoside and catechin were the most abundant compounds. The DPPH scavenging capacity showed an IC50 value 32.22 ± 6.43 μg/mL indicating considerable antioxidant potential of the extract. At 10 μg/mL the extract inhibited COX-1 and COX-2 by 92.07% and 71.04%, respectively, with IC50 values of 5.14 μg/mL and 13.87 μg/mL. No relevant cytotoxicity was observed at lower concentrations in the tested cell lines.
CONCLUSION: PLL extract shows high total phenolic content, which together with the DPPH document strong antioxidant potency of the compound. This data together with the marked anti-inflammatory activity, and the limited cytotoxicity, support the potential interest of PLL extract as a natural candidate to counteract OA manifestations.