The Swedish National Pediatric Cataract Register (PECARE): Coexisting systemic disorders 2007-2023.

PURPOSE: To analyse the frequency and type of coexisting systemic disorders in children operated on for cataract in Sweden.

METHODS

Data were retrieved from the Swedish National Pediatric Cataract Register (PECARE) for children operated between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2023 (n = 975), including follow-ups at age 1, 2, 5 and 10. Cataracts due to uveitis, trauma or radiation, and lens extraction due to luxation were excluded. Genetic screening was not mandatory during this period.

RESULTS

Of the 872 children who remained after exclusions, 466 (53.4%) had unilateral cataracts and 406 (46.6%) had bilateral cataracts. Coexisting systemic disorders were found in 132/872 (15.1%), of which 5/132 (3.8%) were strongly suspected, 64/132 (48.5%) defined and 63/132 (47.7%) undefined. Overall, 20/872 (2.3%) were developmentally delayed without any systemic disorder diagnosis. Systemic disorder was present in 20/466 (4.3%) with unilateral cataracts, 112/406 (27.6%) with bilateral cataracts, 22/138 (15.9%) with bilateral inherited cataracts and 11/32 (34.4%) with parental consanguinity.

CONCLUSION

Coexisting systemic disorders were present regardless of laterality, but more common among children with bilateral cataracts. Prevalence was similar among children with consanguineous parents, and lower among children with hereditary cataracts. National consensus regarding genetic screening for systemic disorders is needed.