Chill out: Hypothermia treatment in the pediatric patient population.

Perioperative hypothermia is a significant concern in pediatric patients, contributing to various complications such as coagulopathy, neurologic dysfunction, infection, and prolonged recovery times. This article reviews the definition, measurement, and impact of hypothermia in children, with emphasis on the unique vulnerabilities of pediatric patients, including their immature thermoregulatory systems and differing age-related risks. We examine the challenges in temperature monitoring, highlighting the discrepancies between peripheral and central temperature measurements, as well as the consequences of temperature mismanagement. Strategies to prevent hypothermia, including prewarming, intraoperative warming, and continuous temperature monitoring are discussed, along with the associated challenges of equipment availability and patient-specific factors unique to the pediatric population. Further, this article addresses healthcare disparities as they pertain to the prevention and management of perioperative hypothermia. We advocate for the implementation of standardized protocols and further research to reduce disparities and improve outcomes. Ultimately, with proper resources and diligence, the effects of hypothermia can be effectively mitigated, ensuring safer perioperative care for all pediatric patients.