First case report of complete paternal isodisomy of chromosome 10 harbouring a novel variant in COL17A1 that causes junctional epidermolysis bullosa intermediate.

BACKGROUND

Uniparental disomy (UPD) is a condition in which both chromosomes are inherited from the same parent, except for imprinting disorders. Uniparental isodisomy (UPiD) may result in a homozygous variant contributing to an autosomal recessive disorder in the offspring of a heterozygous carrier. Junctional epidermolysis bullosa intermediate (JEB intermediate) is an autosomal recessive inherited disease that is associated with a series of gene variants, including those of COL17A1.

CASE PRESENTATION: We report the first case of complete paternal UPiD of chromosome 10 harbouring a novel homozygous variant in COL17A1: c.1880(exon23)delG (p.G627Afs*56). This variant led to the clinical phenotype of junctional epidermolysis bullosa intermediate in a 5-year-old child. Trio-whole exome sequencing (Trio-WES) and in silico data analysis were used for variant identification, Sanger sequencing was performed for variant validation, and pathological examination was performed as the gold standard for phenotype confirmation.

CONCLUSIONS

We recommend the use of WES as a first-tier test for the diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa, especially for paediatric patients. Moreover, UPD events should be detected and analysed routinely through WES data in the future.