Long-term effects of mild traumatic brain injury in pediatrics.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a prevalent injury among children, typically resolving within weeks or months. However, emerging evidence suggests that a subset of pediatric patients may experience long-term effects that impact cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functions. This review synthesizes current research on the long-term consequences in pediatrics. Neuroimaging studies have revealed persistent alterations in brain structure and function following mTBI, including changes in white matter microstructure and functional connectivity (FC), which may contribute to long-term cognitive deficits and emotional disturbances. Understanding the long-term effects and mechanisms of pediatric mTBI is crucial for improving patient care, developing targeted interventions and preventing chronic issues through early identification.