Cytosolic phospholipase A2-α participates in lipid body formation and PGE2 release in human neutrophils stimulated with an L-amino acid oxidase from Calloselasma rhodostoma venom.

Cr-LAAO, an L-amino acid oxidase isolated from Calloselasma rhodosthoma snake venom, has been demonstrated as a potent stimulus for neutrophil activation and inflammatory mediator production. However, the mechanisms involved in Cr-LAAO induced neutrophil activation has not been well characterized. Here we investigated the mechanisms involved in Cr-LAAO-induced lipid body (also known as lipid droplet) biogenesis and eicosanoid formation in human neutrophils. Using microarray analysis, we show for the first time that Cr-LAAO plays a role in the up-regulation of the expression of genes involved in lipid signalling and metabolism. Those include different members of phospholipase A2, mostly cytosolic phospholipase A2-α (cPLA2-α); and enzymes involved in prostaglandin synthesis including cyclooxygenases 2 (COX-2), and prostaglandin E synthase (PTGES). In addition, genes involved in lipid droplet formation, including perilipin 2 and 3 (PLIN 2 and 3) and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), were also upregulated. Furthermore, increased phosphorylation of cPLA2-α, lipid droplet biogenesis and PGE2 synthesis were observed in human neutrophils stimulated with Cr-LAAO. Treatment with cPLA2-α inhibitor (CAY10650) or DGAT-1 inhibitor (A922500) suppressed lipid droplets formation and PGE2 secretion. In conclusion, we demonstrate for the first time the effects of Cr-LAAO to regulate neutrophil lipid metabolism and signalling.