Structural Brain Correlates of Childhood Inhibited Temperament: An ENIGMA-Anxiety Mega-Analysis.
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Bas-Hoogendam Janna Marie, Bernstein Rachel A, Benson Brenda E, Frank Samuel E C, Buss Kristin A, Gunther Kelley E, Pérez-Edgar Koraly, Salum Giovanni A, Jackowski Andrea, Bressan Rodrigo A, Zugman André, Degnan Kathryn A, Filippi Courtney A, Fox Nathan A, Henderson Heather A, Tang Alva, Zeytinoglu Selin, Harrewijn Anita, Hillegers Manon H J, Muetzel Ryan L, White Tonya, van IJzendoorn Marinus H, Schwartz Carl E, Felicione Julia M, DeYoung Kathryn A, Shackman Alexander J, Smith Jason F, Tillman Rachael M, van den Berg Yvonne H M, Cillessen Antonius H N, Roelofs Karin, Tyborowska Anna, Hill Shirley Y, Battaglia Marco, Tettamanti Marco, Dougherty Lea R, Jin Jingwen, Klein Daniel N, Leung Hoi-Chung, Avery Suzanne N, Blackford Jennifer Urbano, Clauss Jacqueline A, Bjork James M, Hettema John M, Moore Ashlee A, Roberson-Nay Roxann, Sawyers Chelsea, Hayden Elizabeth P, Liu Pan, Vandermeer Matthew R J, Goldsmith H Hill, Planalp Elizabeth M, Nichols Thomas E, Thompson Paul M, Westenberg P Michiel, van der Wee Nic J A, Groenewold Nynke A, Stein Dan J, Winkler Anderson M, Pine Daniel S
Аннотация
METHOD: Temperament assessments (behavioral observations, parent/teacher reports or self-reports on cIT before age 13 years) and MRI data (age at scan, 6-25 years) from international research sites (Europe, North America, South America) were pooled for mega-analysis. Following image processing and quality control, associations between cIT and brain structure were examined in 3,803 participants. Subcortical volumes, cortical thickness, and surface area (main analyses) and detailed subcortical characteristics (eg, subnuclei, subfields, partial volume effects; exploratory analyses) were considered.
RESULTS: In the full sample, cIT showed no relation with brain structure, either as a main effect or in interactions with sex or age. Subgroup analyses (based on cIT assessment type) revealed cIT by sex interactions on mean cortical thickness (pMC-FWER = .037) and thickness of the right superior parietal region (pMC-FWER = .029) in youth with parent/teacher reports on cIT levels. Exploratory analyses revealed findings in the hippocampus, putamen, and caudate, but most did not survive statistical correction for multiple testing.
CONCLUSION: This mega-analysis found no consistent associations between cIT and regional brain structure, although the role of parietal regions warrants further investigation. Future studies should consider brain function in cIT, preferably using longitudinal designs.
PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: Inhibited temperament during childhood is a risk factor for the development of anxiety and depression later in life. A preregistered study from the international ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group investigated whether characteristics of brain structure are associated with the level of childhood inhibited temperament, using brain scans and data on temperamental traits from participants aged 6 to 25 years, which have been previously acquired at research sites worldwide (total sample > 3,800 subjects). Analyses revealed no consistent correlations between brain structure and inhibited temperament.
STUDY REGISTRATION INFORMATION: Structural Brain Correlates of Childhood Inhibited Temperament: An ENIGMA-Anxiety Mega-analysis. https://www.jaacap.org/article/S0890-8567(22)00299-4/fulltext.