Age- and Sex-Related Trends in Bicycle-Related Craniomaxillofacial Injuries: A 10-Year Analysis of National Emergency Department Data.

BACKGROUND

Bicycle-related injuries are a significant public health concern, with head and neck trauma among the most common.

OBJECTIVE

This study examines age- and sex-related trends in bicycle-related craniomaxillofacial injuries (BRCMFI) using emergency department data over a 10-year period.

METHODS

Data were obtained from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) for bicycle-related injuries from 2013 to 2022. Patients who sustained head and neck trauma were categorized by age and sex, and trends in injury type and anatomic distribution were analyzed. Statistical comparisons were conducted using regression models.

RESULTS

Males under 18 years old had the highest proportion of emergency department visits for BRCMFI. Facial lacerations were the most common injury across all age groups and sexes, with a higher prevalence in females. Young adults experienced the highest number of facial injuries, while lacerations were more frequent in children. Older adults and men were more likely to sustain fractures and head and neck injuries. Despite the protective benefits of helmets, usage remains inconsistent, particularly among children and teenagers.

CONCLUSION

Bicycle-related craniomaxillofacial injuries vary by age and sex, with young males at the highest risk. These findings highlight the need for targeted injury prevention strategies, including increased helmet use and cycling safety initiatives.