Spectrum of corpus callosum agenesis.

Magnetic resonance imaging and clinical features of 16 children with agenesis of the corpus callosum are reviewed. The patients were classified in three groups. Eight children had agenesis of the corpus callosum without substantial involvement of other brain areas. This group included patients with interhemispheric cyst, lipoma, or partial agenesis (hypogenesis) of the corpus callosum. Four patients in the second group manifested severe telencephalic dysgenesis in addition to agenesis of the corpus callosum. In the third group, agenesis of the corpus callosum was a component of a syndrome in four children. The outcome was not favorable for the majority of patients, even in the first group without significant involvement of other systems. Severe handicaps with developmental delay, intellectual disability, and neurologic deficit were observed in patients with additional telencephalic dysgenesis or syndromic form of corpus callosum agenesis.