Trigonocephaly: clinical and cephalometric assessment of craniofacial morphology in operated and nontreated patients.

Craniofacial parameters were studied clinically and by cephalometry in 11 trigonocephalic patients from infancy to 4 years of age. Six of the most severe patients had surgery between 6 and 18 months of age. Analysis of morphology indicated that bony interorbital distance was reduced in patients selected for surgery and hypotelorism persisted at final examination. All patients demonstrated orbital width measurements above the mean for the norm, while orbital height was essentially normal. All but one of the patients had a variably prominent forehead bony ridge that was eliminated or reduced as a result of surgery and/or growth. However, the forehead of most patients, whether operated or not, was too narrow when compared to normal skulls. Thus, although some of the striking features of trigonocephaly are eliminated, minor characteristics of the anomaly still persevere at 4 years of age.