Analytica chimica acta · 2026
Unraveling the thermal release dynamics and pyrolysis signatures of agarwood by gas-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
СтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Xie Yanqiao, Zhao Jinhua, Huang Shengqi, Shen Chen, Zhou Yi, Yin Ge, Wang Hechen, Li Linnan, Li Donghao, Wang Zhengtao, Yang Li
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Agarwood, a precious resinous material derived from Aquilaria trees, is highly valued for its unique fragrance that mainly originates from sesquiterpenes and 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromones. However, the dynamic release behavior of these compounds during combustion remains poorly understood. Common analytical methods, such as headspace and solid-phase microextraction, are limited by their temperature range and fail to mimic true combustion conditions. An innovative pre-treatment technique, gas liquid microextraction (GLME), was employed, requiring as little as 10 mg of sample to effectively simulate agarwood combustion over the temperature range of 25-280 °C. Coupled with GC-MS, this approach enabled systematic profiling of the thermal release behavior of major agarwood varieties under combustion-like conditions.
RESULTS: A hybrid analytical strategy that integrates stepwise extraction pre-treatment with a combination of untargeted and targeted screening successfully deciphered compositional changes and trace pyrolysis products. The findings elucidate the temperature-dependent changes in key aroma constituents. Odor-active components are present in relatively low abundance at ambient temperature and 100 °C. In the temperature range of 100 °C-200 °C, sesquiterpenes and aromatic compounds are the dominant chemical classes. Temperatures exceeding 200 °C markedly accelerate the generation of diverse chromone and aromatic derivatives, facilitating the detection of previously unreported thermal degradation products.
SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY: This study not only achieves accurate simulation of high-temperature combustion but also establishes correlations between regional origins, combustion phases and aroma signatures. These findings enhance the mechanistic understanding of the thermal behavior of agarwood, offering practical insights for authentication, quality assessment and optimized utilization in incense production and therapeutic applications.
RESULTS: A hybrid analytical strategy that integrates stepwise extraction pre-treatment with a combination of untargeted and targeted screening successfully deciphered compositional changes and trace pyrolysis products. The findings elucidate the temperature-dependent changes in key aroma constituents. Odor-active components are present in relatively low abundance at ambient temperature and 100 °C. In the temperature range of 100 °C-200 °C, sesquiterpenes and aromatic compounds are the dominant chemical classes. Temperatures exceeding 200 °C markedly accelerate the generation of diverse chromone and aromatic derivatives, facilitating the detection of previously unreported thermal degradation products.
SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY: This study not only achieves accurate simulation of high-temperature combustion but also establishes correlations between regional origins, combustion phases and aroma signatures. These findings enhance the mechanistic understanding of the thermal behavior of agarwood, offering practical insights for authentication, quality assessment and optimized utilization in incense production and therapeutic applications.