Phanerochanols A-C: identification and biological evaluation of metabolites from the mushroom-associated fungus Phanerochaete sp. GLQ06.

The fungal strain Phanerochaete sp. GLQ06 was successfully isolated from the fresh fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum. Through systematic chemical investigation, three new natural products were obtained from this fungal source: phanerochanol A (1) along with two new stachyline derivatives designated as phanerochanols B (2) and C (3). Their structures were elucidated using NMR spectroscopic data and ECD calculations. Biological evaluation results revealed that compounds 1, 3, and 5 exhibited anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. Specifically, compound 1 demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect on NO production, surpassing that of dexamethasone at 10 μM, while no substantial cytotoxicity was observed within the tested concentration range.