Advancements in the production of value-added products via methane biotransformation by methanotrophs: Current status and future perspectives.

Methane gas is recognized as a promising carbon substrate for the biosynthesis of value-added products due to its abundance and low price. Methanotrophs utilized methane as their sole source of carbon and energy, thus they can serve as efficient biocatalysts for methane bioconversion. Methanotrophs-catalyzed microbial bioconversion offer numerous advantages, compared to chemical processes. Current indirect chemical conversions of methane suffer from their energy-intensive processes and high capital expenditure. Methanotrophs can be cell factories capable of synthesizing various value-added products from methane such as methanol, organic acids, ectoine, polyhydroxyalkanoates, etc. However, the large-scale commercial implementation using methanotrophs remains a formidable challenge, primarily due to limitations in gas-liquid mass transfer and low metabolic capacity. This review explores recent advancements in methanotroph research, providing insights into their potential for enabling methane bioconversion.